RATT: RFID Assisted Tracking Tile. Preliminary results

© 2017 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permissíon from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertisíng or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.[EN] Behavior is one of the most important aspects of animal life. This behavior depends on the link between animals, their nervous systems and their environment. In order to study the behavior of laboratory animals several tools are needed, but a tracking tool is essential to perform a thorough behavioral study. Currently, several visual tracking tools are available. However, they have some drawbacks. For instance, when an animal is inside a cave, or is close to other animals, the tracking cameras cannot always detect the location or movement of this animal. This paper presents RFID Assisted Tracking Tile (RATT), a tracking system based on passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in high frequency band according to ISO/IEC 15693. The RATT system is composed of electronic tiles that have nine active RFID antennas attached; in addition, it contains several overlapping passive coils to improve the magnetic field characteristics. Using several tiles, a large surface can be built on which the animals can move, allowing identification and tracking of their movements. This system, that could also be combined with a visual tracking system, paves the way for complete behavioral studies.Research supported in part by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) and FEDER funds under grants BFU2015-64380-C2-2-R and BFU2015-64380-C2-1-R. Santiago Canals acknowledges financial support from the Spanish State Research Agency, through the "Severo Ochoa" Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D (ref. SEV-2013-0317). Dario R. Quinones is supported by grant Ayudas para la formacion de personal investigador (FPI) from Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.Quiñones, DR.; Cuevas-López, A.; Cambra-Enguix J.; Canals-Gamoneda, S.; Moratal, D. (2017). RATT: RFID Assisted Tracking Tile. Preliminary results. Proceedings Intenational Anual Conference of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 4114-4117. https://doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2017.8037761S4114411

Grid spanners with low forwarding index for energy efficient networks

International audienceA routing R of a connected graph G is a collection that contains simple paths connecting every ordered pair of vertices in G. The edge-forwarding index with respect to R (or simply the forwarding index with respect to $R) π(G, R)$ of G is the maximum number of paths in R passing through any edge of G. The forwarding index $π(G)$ of G is the minimum $π(G, R)$ over all routings R's of G. This parameter has been studied for different graph classes (1), (2), (3), (4). Motivated by energy efficiency, we look, for different numbers of edges, at the best spanning graphs of a square grid, namely those with a low forwarding index

Tracking via Square Grid of RFID Reader Positioning and Diffusion Algorithm

The study and analysis of RFID (radio frequency identification) reader positioning is important for RFID large-scale deployment. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the art of RFID reader positioning in order to develop a highly accurate positioning and tracking system for usage inside a building and also to optimize the tracking performance that can be applied to different active and passive RFID standards. This study involves design of square grid RFID reader network and position calculation using diffusion algorithm. Square grid network presents the solution of placement pattern of RFID readers, hence optimal number of required readers and guaranteed coverage can be achieved. The proposed diffusion algorithm makes use of distance information between the reader and the tag to estimate the RFID tag position. This study has also introduced a probabilistic mathematical model to maintain coverage of the unit square region and to ensure connectivity of the proposed square grid network. The effectiveness of the diffusion algorithm is evaluated in this study and the obtained results show satisfactory performance. The obtained results show that the proposed positioning system can achieve average positioning error below 1 m with different RFID reading ranges and in some cases accuracy improvement of about 65% can be reached than the results obtained by known positioning system. It is also found that the proposed diffusion algorithm together with square grid can bring approximately 50-85% improvement on raw accuracy provided by only square grid method