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Proceedings of QG2010: The Third Workshop on Question Generation
These are the peer-reviewed proceedings of "QG2010, The Third Workshop on Question Generation". The workshop included a special track for "QGSTEC2010: The First Question Generation Shared Task and Evaluation Challenge".
QG2010 was held as part of The Tenth International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS2010)
Filling Knowledge Gaps in a Broad-Coverage Machine Translation System
Knowledge-based machine translation (KBMT) techniques yield high quality in
domains with detailed semantic models, limited vocabulary, and controlled input
grammar. Scaling up along these dimensions means acquiring large knowledge
resources. It also means behaving reasonably when definitive knowledge is not
yet available. This paper describes how we can fill various KBMT knowledge
gaps, often using robust statistical techniques. We describe quantitative and
qualitative results from JAPANGLOSS, a broad-coverage Japanese-English MT
system.Comment: 7 pages, Compressed and uuencoded postscript. To appear: IJCAI-9
Early occipital sensitivity to syntactic category is based on form typicality
Syntactic factors can rapidly affect behavioral and neural responses during language processing; however, the mechanisms that allow this rapid extraction of syntactically relevant information remain poorly understood. We addressed this issue using magnetoencephalography and found that an unexpected word category (e.g., âThe recently princess . . . â) elicits enhanced activity in visual cortex as early as 120 ms after exposure, and that this activity occurs as a function of the compatibility of a wordâs form with the form properties associated with a predicted word category. Because no sensitivity to linguistic factors has been previously reported for words in isolation at this stage of visual analysis, we propose that predictions about upcoming syntactic categories are translated into form-based estimates, which are made available to sensory cortices. This finding may be a key component to elucidating the mechanisms that allow the extreme rapidity and efficiency of language comprehension
Textual Economy through Close Coupling of Syntax and Semantics
We focus on the production of efficient descriptions of objects, actions and
events. We define a type of efficiency, textual economy, that exploits the
hearer's recognition of inferential links to material elsewhere within a
sentence. Textual economy leads to efficient descriptions because the material
that supports such inferences has been included to satisfy independent
communicative goals, and is therefore overloaded in Pollack's sense. We argue
that achieving textual economy imposes strong requirements on the
representation and reasoning used in generating sentences. The representation
must support the generator's simultaneous consideration of syntax and
semantics. Reasoning must enable the generator to assess quickly and reliably
at any stage how the hearer will interpret the current sentence, with its
(incomplete) syntax and semantics. We show that these representational and
reasoning requirements are met in the SPUD system for sentence planning and
realization.Comment: 10 pages, uses QobiTree.te
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