1,189 research outputs found
Integrated speech and morphological processing in a connectionist continuous speech understanding for Korean
A new tightly coupled speech and natural language integration model is
presented for a TDNN-based continuous possibly large vocabulary speech
recognition system for Korean. Unlike popular n-best techniques developed for
integrating mainly HMM-based speech recognition and natural language processing
in a {\em word level}, which is obviously inadequate for morphologically
complex agglutinative languages, our model constructs a spoken language system
based on a {\em morpheme-level} speech and language integration. With this
integration scheme, the spoken Korean processing engine (SKOPE) is designed and
implemented using a TDNN-based diphone recognition module integrated with a
Viterbi-based lexical decoding and symbolic phonological/morphological
co-analysis. Our experiment results show that the speaker-dependent continuous
{\em eojeol} (Korean word) recognition and integrated morphological analysis
can be achieved with over 80.6% success rate directly from speech inputs for
the middle-level vocabularies.Comment: latex source with a4 style, 15 pages, to be published in computer
processing of oriental language journa
Managing Loose Coupling in the Implementation of Large-Scale ERP
This paper presents a case study of implementation of a complex ERP by a worldwide company withheadquarters in the US (Iris Co). Organizational units are represented as systems which interact inthe process of technology appropriation. We study the interactions between the implementation oflarge-scale IS and management of the tradeoff between non-coupled vs. tightly coupled systems. Wefocus on the process and the dialectic of loosely coupled systems as a way to balance efficiency andflexibility when organizations are required to achieve efficiency through centralization and control atthe expense of autonomy and flexibility. Our findings highlight the importance of developing learningskill for achieving this balance
Policy-based techniques for self-managing parallel applications
This paper presents an empirical investigation of policy-based self-management techniques for parallel applications executing in loosely-coupled environments. The dynamic and heterogeneous nature of these environments is discussed and the special considerations for parallel applications are identified. An adaptive strategy for the run-time deployment of tasks of parallel applications is presented. The strategy is based on embedding numerous policies which are informed by contextual and environmental inputs. The policies govern various aspects of behaviour, enhancing flexibility so that the goals of efficiency and performance are achieved despite high levels of environmental variability. A prototype self-managing parallel application is used as a vehicle to explore the feasibility and benefits of the strategy. In particular, several aspects of stability are investigated. The implementation and behaviour of three policies are discussed and sample results examined
Infrastructure transitions toward sustainability: a complex adaptive systems perspective
To ensure infrastructure assets are procured and maintained by government on behalf of citizens, appropriate policy and institutional architecture is needed, particularly if a fundamental shift to more sustainable infrastructure is the goal. The shift in recent years from competitive and resource-intensive procurement to more collaborative and sustainable approaches to infrastructure governance is considered a major transition in infrastructure procurement systems. In order to better understand this transition in infrastructure procurement arrangements, the concept of emergence from Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) theory is offered as a key construct. Emergence holds that micro interactions can result in emergent macro order. Applying the concept of emergence to infrastructure procurement, this research examines how interaction of agents in individual projects can result in different industry structural characteristics. The paper concludes that CAS theory, and particularly the concept of ‘emergence’, provides a useful construct to understand infrastructure procurement dynamics and progress towards sustainability
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Fault Inductance Based Protection for DC Distribution Systems
The fault protection is a critical element to ensure the reliable and secure operation of DC distribution systems. Most DC distribution systems are tightly coupled systems with low line impedances which may result in fast current increase during a fault. Thus, it is challenging to develop a fast and reliable DC fault protection method. This paper proposes and develops a novel fault inductance based DC protection method without communication between protection units at different locations. The performance of the developed protection algorithm was validated in a Real-Time Hardware-In-the-Loop (RTHIL) test platform. The testing results indicate that the developed inductance based fault location algorithm detects and locates faults with fast speed and high accuracy. Preliminary sensitivity analysis on measurement errors are also conducted to study impacts on accuracy of estimated fault inductance.Center for Electromechanic
Risks in production and the management of labour
The paper considers a (static) portfolio system that satisfies adding-up contraints and the gross substitution theorem. The paper shows the relationship of the two conditions to the weak dominant diagonal property of the matrix of interest rate elasticities. This enables to investigate the impact of simultaneous changes in interest rates on the asset demands.
Air Traffic Management Safety Challenges
The primary goal of the Air Traffic Management (ATM) system is to control accident risk. ATM
safety has improved over the decades for many reasons, from better equipment to additional
safety defences. But ATM safety targets, improving on current performance, are now extremely
demanding. Safety analysts and aviation decision-makers have to make safety assessments
based on statistically incomplete evidence. If future risks cannot be estimated with precision,
then how is safety to be assured with traffic growth and operational/technical changes? What
are the design implications for the USA’s ‘Next Generation Air Transportation System’
(NextGen) and Europe’s Single European Sky ATM Research Programme (SESAR)? ATM
accident precursors arise from (eg) pilot/controller workload, miscommunication, and lack of upto-
date information. Can these accident precursors confidently be ‘designed out’ by (eg) better
system knowledge across ATM participants, automatic safety checks, and machine rather than
voice communication? Future potentially hazardous situations could be as ‘messy’ in system
terms as the Überlingen mid-air collision. Are ATM safety regulation policies fit for purpose: is it
more and more difficult to innovate, to introduce new technologies and novel operational
concepts? Must regulators be more active, eg more inspections and monitoring of real
operational and organisational practices
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