6,614 research outputs found
A Deficiency Problem of the Least Squares Finite Element Method for Solving Radiative Transfer in Strongly Inhomogeneous Media
The accuracy and stability of the least squares finite element method (LSFEM)
and the Galerkin finite element method (GFEM) for solving radiative transfer in
homogeneous and inhomogeneous media are studied theoretically via a frequency
domain technique. The theoretical result confirms the traditional understanding
of the superior stability of the LSFEM as compared to the GFEM. However, it is
demonstrated numerically and proved theoretically that the LSFEM will suffer a
deficiency problem for solving radiative transfer in media with strong
inhomogeneity. This deficiency problem of the LSFEM will cause a severe
accuracy degradation, which compromises too much of the performance of the
LSFEM and makes it not a good choice to solve radiative transfer in strongly
inhomogeneous media. It is also theoretically proved that the LSFEM is
equivalent to a second order form of radiative transfer equation discretized by
the central difference scheme
Incorporating reflection boundary conditions in the Neumann series radiative transport equation: Application to photon propagation and reconstruction in diffuse optical imaging
We propose a formalism to incorporate boundary conditions in a Neumann-series-based radiative transport equation. The formalism accurately models the reflection of photons at the tissue-external medium interface using Fresnel’s equations. The formalism was used to develop a gradient descent-based image reconstruction technique. The proposed methods were implemented for 3D diffuse optical imaging. In computational studies, it was observed that the average root-mean-square error (RMSE) for the output images and the estimated absorption coefficients reduced by 38% and 84%, respectively, when the reflection boundary conditions were incorporated. These results demonstrate the importance of incorporating boundary conditions that model the reflection of photons at the tissue-external medium interface
Diffusive optical tomography in the Bayesian framework
Many naturally-occuring models in the sciences are well-approximated by
simplified models, using multiscale techniques. In such settings it is natural
to ask about the relationship between inverse problems defined by the original
problem and by the multiscale approximation. We develop an approach to this
problem and exemplify it in the context of optical tomographic imaging.
Optical tomographic imaging is a technique for infering the properties of
biological tissue via measurements of the incoming and outgoing light
intensity; it may be used as a medical imaging methodology. Mathematically,
light propagation is modeled by the radiative transfer equation (RTE), and
optical tomography amounts to reconstructing the scattering and the absorption
coefficients in the RTE from boundary measurements. We study this problem in
the Bayesian framework, focussing on the strong scattering regime. In this
regime the forward RTE is close to the diffusion equation (DE). We study the
RTE in the asymptotic regime where the forward problem approaches the DE, and
prove convergence of the inverse RTE to the inverse DE in both nonlinear and
linear settings. Convergence is proved by studying the distance between the two
posterior distributions using the Hellinger metric, and using Kullback-Leibler
divergence
Gradient-based quantitative image reconstruction in ultrasound-modulated optical tomography: first harmonic measurement type in a linearised diffusion formulation
Ultrasound-modulated optical tomography is an emerging biomedical imaging
modality which uses the spatially localised acoustically-driven modulation of
coherent light as a probe of the structure and optical properties of biological
tissues. In this work we begin by providing an overview of forward modelling
methods, before deriving a linearised diffusion-style model which calculates
the first-harmonic modulated flux measured on the boundary of a given domain.
We derive and examine the correlation measurement density functions of the
model which describe the sensitivity of the modality to perturbations in the
optical parameters of interest. Finally, we employ said functions in the
development of an adjoint-assisted gradient based image reconstruction method,
which ameliorates the computational burden and memory requirements of a
traditional Newton-based optimisation approach. We validate our work by
performing reconstructions of optical absorption and scattering in two- and
three-dimensions using simulated measurements with 1% proportional Gaussian
noise, and demonstrate the successful recovery of the parameters to within
+/-5% of their true values when the resolution of the ultrasound raster probing
the domain is sufficient to delineate perturbing inclusions.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
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