4,614,978 research outputs found
Casimir Effect Between World-Branes in Heterotic M-Theory
We study a non-supersymmetric compactification of
M-theory on , related to the supersymmetric theory by
a chirality flip at one of the boundaries. This system represents an M-theory
analog of the D-brane anti-D-brane systems of string theory. Alternatively,
this compactification can be viewed as a model of supersymmetry breaking in the
``brane-world'' approach to phenomenology. We calculate the Casimir energy of
the system at large separations, and show that there is an attractive Casimir
force between the and boundary. We predict that a tachyonic
instability develops at separations of order the Planck scale, and discuss the
possibility that the M-theory fivebrane might appear as a topological defect
supported by the system. Finally, we analyze the eventual
fate of the configuration, in the semiclassical approximation at large
separations: the two ends of the world annihilate by nucleating wormholes
between the two boundaries.Comment: 26 pp, 3 figures, harvmac (b); v2: typos correcte
Theory of discrete time SISO linear (L,M) shift invariant system
In this paper, we have characterized the discrete time single input single output (SISO) linear (L,M) shift invariant system by a two-dimensional kernel function and a filter bank structure. Based on the characterization, we have investigated the conditions for the stability, the invertibility, the causality and the finite response properties of a discrete time SISO linear (L,M) shift invariant system. The advantages of the analysis is that a linear time varying system can be analyzed and designed through a finite number of one-dimensional kernel functions and linear time invariant (LTI) filters. Hence, it facilitates the analysis and the design of a linear time varying system, such as an L/M rate changer used in the digital image processing and digital video processing
Decoupling Limits in M-Theory
Limits of a system of N Dn-branes in which the bulk and string degrees of
freedom decouple to leave a `matter' theory are investigated and, for n>4,
either give a free theory or require taking . The decoupled
matter theory is described at low energies by the limit of n+1
dimensional \sym, and at high energies by a free type II string theory in a
curved space-time. Metastable bound states of D6-branes with mass and
D0-branes with mass are shown to have an energy proportional to
and decouple, whereas in matrix theory they only decouple in
the large N limit.Comment: 23 Pages, Tex, Phyzzx Macro. Minor correction
On the degree of MIMO systems
MIMO channels and wireless communications
systems have generated a great deal of renewed
interest in linear system theory. This paper presents two
results. The first is a simple proof based on first principles,
of the known fact that the McMillan degree of a causal
MĂM MIMO system is at least as large as the degree of
its determinant. The second is a new result which shows
that the degree of the MĂM system z^(â1) G(z) is equal
to the degree of G(z) plus M if and only if the causal
system G(z) has an anticausal inverse
Monotone-light factorisation systems and torsion theories
Given a torsion theory (Y,X) in an abelian category C, the reflector I from C
to the torsion-free subcategory X induces a reflective factorisation system (E,
M) on C. It was shown by A. Carboni, G.M. Kelly, G. Janelidze and R. Par\'e
that (E, M) induces a monotone-light factorisation system (E',M*) by
simultaneously stabilising E and localising M, whenever the torsion theory is
hereditary and any object in C is a quotient of an object in X. We extend this
result to arbitrary normal categories, and improve it also in the abelian case,
where the heredity assumption on the torsion theory turns out to be redundant.
Several new examples of torsion theories where this result applies are then
considered in the categories of abelian groups, groups, topological groups,
commutative rings, and crossed modules.Comment: 12 page
M-Theory as a Holographic Field Theory
We suggest that M-theory could be non-perturbatively equivalent to a local
quantum field theory. More precisely, we present a ``renormalizable'' gauge
theory in eleven dimensions, and show that it exhibits various properties
expected of quantum M-theory, most notably the holographic principle of
't~Hooft and Susskind. The theory also satisfies Mach's principle: A
macroscopically large space-time (and the inertia of low-energy excitations) is
generated by a large number of ``partons'' in the microscopic theory. We argue
that at low energies in large eleven dimensions, the theory should be
effectively described by eleven-dimensional supergravity. This effective
description breaks down at much lower energies than naively expected, precisely
when the system saturates the Bekenstein bound on energy density. We show that
the number of partons scales like the area of the surface surrounding the
system, and discuss how this holographic reduction of degrees of freedom
affects the cosmological constant problem. We propose the holographic field
theory as a candidate for a covariant, non-perturbative formulation of quantum
M-theory.Comment: 27 pp. v2: typos corrected; a small paragraph on naturalness of small
cosmological constant in four dimensions added at end of sect 5.1; final
version to appear in Phys. Rev.
The Tomonaga-Luttinger Model and the Chern-Simons Theory for the Edges of Multi-layer Fractional Quantum Hall Systems
Wen's chiral Tomonaga-Luttinger model for the edge of an m-layer quantum Hall
system of total filling factor nu=m/(pm +- 1) with even p, is derived as a
random-phase approximation of the Chern-Simons theory for these states. The
theory allows for a description of edges both in and out of equilibrium,
including their collective excitation spectrum and the tunneling exponent into
the edge. While the tunneling exponent is insensitive to the details of a
nu=m/(pm + 1) edge, it tends to decrease when a nu=m/(pm - 1) edge is taken out
of equilibrium. The applicability of the theory to fractional quantum Hall
states in a single layer is discussed.Comment: 15 page
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