Multi-dimensional dependency grammar as multigraph description

Extensible Dependency Grammar (XDG) is new, modular grammar formalism for natural language. An XDG analysis is a multi-dimensional dependency graph, where each dimension represents a different aspect of natural language, e.g. syntactic function, predicate-argument structure, information structure etc. Thus, XDG brings together two recent trends in computational linguistics: the increased application of ideas from dependency grammar and the idea of multi-layered linguistic description. In this paper, we tackle one of the stumbling blocks of XDG so far - its incomplete formalization. We present the first complete formalization of XDG, as a description language for multigraphs based on simply typed lambda calculus

Declaring Local Contexts of Words with Extensible Dependency Grammar

Extensible dependency grammar (XDG) is a modern formalism for declaring dependency relations between lexical entries, generally used to construct natural language parsers. This work shows how to use XDG to declare specific contexts of the words, thus turning XDG parser into a word sense disambiguation module or a contextsensitive bilingual dictionary. The capabilities of the proposed method are shown on the example of small English to Finnish dictionary, helpful for entry-level Finnish language learners

Extensible Dependency Grammar: a modular grammar formalism based on multigraph description

This thesis develops Extensible Dependency Grammar (XDG), a new grammar formalism combining dependency grammar, model-theoretic syntax, and Jackendoff\u27;s parallel grammar architecture. The design of XDG is strongly geared towards modularity: grammars can be modularly extended by any linguistic aspect such as grammatical functions, word order, predicate-argument structure, scope, information structure and prosody, where each aspect is modeled largely independently on a separate dimension. The intersective demands of the dimensions make many complex linguistic phenomena such as extraction in syntax, scope ambiguities in the semantics, and control and raising in the syntax-semantics interface simply fall out as by-products without further stipulation. This thesis makes three main contributions: 1. The first formalization of XDG as a multigraph description language in higher order logic, and investigations of its expressivity and computational complexity. 2. The first implementation of XDG, the XDG Development Kit (XDK), an extensive grammar development environment built around a constraint parser for XDG. 3. The first application of XDG to natural language, modularly modeling a fragment of English

The XDG Grammar Development Kit

Abstract. Extensible dependency grammar (XDG) is a graph description language, whose formulas can be solved by constraint programming. XDG yields a declarative approach to natural language processing for parsing and generation. In this paper we present the XDG development kit, the first XDG-based grammar development system, which we implemented in Mozart/Oz. This includes an expressive lexicon specification language not published previously.