Spartan Daily, April 10, 2002

Volume 118, Issue 46https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/10619/thumbnail.jp

Spartan Daily, February 9, 1995

Volume 104, Issue 10https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/8655/thumbnail.jp

Spartan Daily, September 5, 2002

Volume 119, Issue 5https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/10649/thumbnail.jp

Is the internet an agent of empowerment in news making?: a case study of Chinese journalists.

Fu Li.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 173-186).Abstracts in English and Chinese.Abstract --- p.2Acknowledgement --- p.4Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.5Is the Internet an agent of empowerment in Chinese journalism? --- p.6Thesis organization --- p.12Chapter Chapter 2 --- "Theoretical Background and ""Mediationist"" Perspective" --- p.15"Changing technology, changing human communication" --- p.15Internet as a liberalizing force --- p.24Change or continuity? --- p.29The third way: a mediationist perspective --- p.33Concluding remarks --- p.37Chapter Chapter 3 --- "Internet, Journalists and Media Reform with a Chinese Character" --- p.39Hegemonic control: Institutional settings for China's Internet --- p.39Dancing with shackles: Journalists in China's media reform --- p.45Empowerment of journalists in a Chinese context --- p.58Concluding remarks --- p.60Chapter Chapter 4 --- Research Questions and Methodology --- p.62Research questions --- p.62Research methods --- p.64Chapter Chapter 5 --- Chinese Journalists' Internet Usage in News Making --- p.72News resource --- p.74Reference framework --- p.82Supplementary media outlet channel --- p.86Concluding remarks --- p.89Chapter Chapter 6 --- Patterns of the Internet's Impact on Journalists' News Making --- p.91Reinforcement of the media's surveillance role --- p.91Facilitation of news values reorientation --- p.101Promotion of news timeliness --- p.106Improvement of news making efficiency --- p.109Concluding remarks --- p.113Chapter Chapter 7 --- Internet's Situational Empowerment on News Making Practices --- p.115Situationality of the Internet's impact --- p.116Characteristics of situational empowerment --- p.130Social mechanisms of situational empowerment --- p.147Concluding remarks --- p.154Chapter Chapter 8 --- Conclusion and Discussion --- p.156Mediationist perspective on the Internet's impact on Chinese journalists --- p.158Implications for Chinese journalism reform --- p.161Limitations of the research --- p.164Appendices --- p.166Bibliography --- p.17

A Horizontal Leap Forward: Formulating a New Communications Public Policy Framework Based on the Network Layers Model

Over the course of the last several decades, legal and structural fictions have evolved and have been integrated into the reality of communications theory and regulation. In this Article, the Author argues that the development of a layers approach to communications regulation of IP networks would lead to greater efficiencies while addressing public policy issues. By reconceptualizing communications regulation along horizontal layers, Mr. Whitt posits that the logical walls surrounding the key components of IP networks should be removed to promote increased functionality of communications oversight and management. In this way, the outmoded vertical separation associated with the legal legacy of communications regulation may be replaced by a horizontal system designed to accommodate new technologies and functions, as opposed to attempting to force congruency between new network characteristics and twentieth century regulations

Protecting the Watchdog: Using the Freedom of Information Act to Preference the Press

The fourth estate is undergoing dramatic changes. Many newspaper reporters, already surrounded by a growing number of empty desks, are shifting their focus away from costly investigative reporting and towards amassing Twitter followers and writing the perfect “share line.” Newspapers’ budgets can no longer robustly support accountability journalism and pitching fights against the government. And so, while this busier and noisier media environment may have a desirable democratizing effect—more of us are able to participate in analyzing, debating, and perhaps even making the news—it has not succeeded in filling a role that print journalists have traditionally played well—keeping watch on the government. In order to perpetuate its historical role as watchdog, the fourth estate needs fortification. This fortification should come in the form of legal preferences for the press. Providing such preferences is not new, but it arguably has not been done in a significant way since postal subsidies were granted to newspapers in the colonial era. Today, with few exceptions, the law generally treats journalists just like any other citizens and news organizations like any other business. This article proposes a new way to preference the press—one that would not involve direct subsidies or discriminating between old media and new. Instead, it would give journalists a commodity that is fundamental to their work: information. To preference the press, this article looks to the Freedom of Information Act, the law governing when and how the executive branch discloses information to the public. While in theory the law facilitates the press’s access to vast amounts of information in the hands of the executive branch, implementation of FOIA has, since it was passed in 1966, been fraught with problems. Agencies routinely take months and even years to respond to journalists’ requests, making the process incompatible with a news cycle that is spinning ever faster. This article proposes focusing on FOIA’s expedited processing provisions to prioritize journalists’ requests over those of other requesters, expedite agency fulfillment of them, and ease the press’s ability to challenge late, incomplete, or otherwise unsatisfactory disclosures. It argues that any journalist filing a FOIA request seeking expedited processing should presumptively go to the front of the queue. At that point, there would be firm deadlines (where none exist now) for providing the journalist with the information requested. These small but significant changes to an already established provision of FOIA could help the media better serve as a watchdog at a time when that role needs protecting