The Expansion of Densely Inhabited Districts in a Megacity - Case of Tokyo

Understanding the patterns of human concentrations within megacities is of fundamental importance to our understanding of megacity dynamics, and for megacity management and policy making. This study presents an updated investigation of the historical expansion of densely inhabited districts (DIDs) in the world\u27s largest megacity, Tokyo. Long-term DID data (1960-2010) at 5- year intervals were analyzed in a geographic information systems framework. Results show that Tokyo completed rapid growth phase and is now in a maturity phase with minimal growth. Extension was the main form of expansion, although fragmented growth in the form of patches was also noted. The rate of DID expansion was strongly related to economic trends. However the direction and shape of expansion was influenced much by geographic and policy related factors. West and southern directions had earlier and greater expansion, likely related to the historical Tōkaidō corridor. Over 95% of all DIDs are located within 4km distance from a railway line. The coastline and distance from the CBD had some modifying influence. During the course of expansion, there was substantial decrease of population density in the inner wards. Future trends in Tokyo\u27s DIDs will be greatly influenced by aging demographic trends. This study therefore shows that megacity spatial expansion is a dynamic process influenced by various processes whose roles vary over time

Rural Urban Transformations in the Developing Countries

This study examined the trends of rural urban development globally, regionally and in the selected country among others. The methodology adopted includes the qualitative and quantitative research design methods based on secondary data. Data characterizing the regions/areas objectively were presented and by multistage sampling Nigeria was selected as one of the countries seriously affected by the phenomenon being studied. Appropriate analytical methods including factorial growth rates, differentials, factorials and cube root transformations, were used to determine the trends. The results showed that rate of rural urban transformations in Africa is one of the highest among regions/continents, and Nigeria which is exceedingly high, is one of the highest not only regionally/continentally but globally. The paper concluded that cities structures are very complicated and brought about by a network of myriad of forces. The cities evolved through evolutionary processes from human settlement which grew in sizes, population, and physical development et al; the form of such cities also increase in complexities and recommended that for the developing regions particularly African continent with two global megacities (Cairo, Egypt and Lagos, Nigeria) to be able to curb the numerous problems of poverty, hunger, malnutrition, population explosion and high rates of cities growth among others, associated with urbanization, there must be complete economic transformation and attainment of high level technological development as already attained by Europe and North America; which have the capability of bringing about great improvements in the image, forms or outlook of cities, as sustainable architecture/planning, urban design and construction of buildings and infrastructures can be carried out better and faster than they used to be, to aid human habitation with enhanced quality of lif

Towards urban growth analytics for Yangon: a comparative information base for strategic spatial development

Cities around the world face the challenge of understanding why, how and where they are growing; an understanding that is crucial if they are to realise opportunities to steer this growth in ways that promote sustainable and equitable urban development. Being able to measure, visualise and analyse these often complex patterns of growth is essential to effective policy design and implementation. It is within this context that the IGC Myanmar office has collaborated with LSE Cities on this first step towards developing a more in-depth research programme on urban development in Yangon. It has resulted in the creation of a comparative information base that will provide a strong empirical foundation for subsequent analytics and policy research. This will in turn inform strategic spatial development in the Yangon metropolitan region in the future. Over the past decade, LSE Cities has developed a research methodology known as Urban Growth Analytics that provides a framework for this type of data-driven policy analysis. Urban Growth Analytics is based on the collection, visualisation and comparative analysis of critical urban development data, assessing two or more cities across a range of pre-defined indicators. A primary focus is on land use and infrastructure as proxies for various interrelated urban systems. In addition, and depending on data availability, socio-economic and environmental data as well as transport and mobility patterns are analysed to deepen the understanding of the relationship between spatial and social development patterns..

Africapolis (English version): Urbanization study in West Africa (1950-2020)

http://www.afd.fr/jahia/Jahia/lang/en/home/publications/NotesetEtudes/AfricapolisMore than 2,558 agglomerations have been identified on the ground, although only those with more than 10,000 inhabitants were classified as ”urban” to ensure that the definition was comparable across the region. On the other hand, using available statistical data, we identified 160,000 towns and villages. This morphological database was cross-referenced with the results of the population censuses, starting with the present day and going as far back as possible given the sources available. The results of work of this kind can be extrapolated to the global level, with users benefiting from the heuristic advantages of such scaling. Part 1 sets out the documentary sources, definitions, and methodology used in the study, and makes comparisons with a range of earlier studies. Part 2 presents an analysis of the results. In parallel to the presentation of statistical data, the focus is on the processes and structures of urbanization. While urbanization in Africa is clearly evolving very rapidly, it is nonetheless important to understand that certain structures, put in place at different times or the result of simple, and often misunderstood, urban system's characteristics (for example, hierarchical distribution or the Law of Metropolization), can cause considerable inertia. Understanding the nature of this inertia allows us to better predict what will change and where it will change

Connecting Cairo to the Nile: Renewing life and heritage on the river

As urban waterfronts around the world de-industrialize, cities are increasingly capitalizing on these opportunities to provide open space and alternative commuting routes along riverbanks, bringing residents and visitors back to the waterfronts. Cairo has remarkable opportunities to reconnect its people with the river that was historically its heart. In an intensive workshop involving 23 students and seven faculty from Cairo University (CU), The American University in Cairo (AUC), and the University of California, Berkeley (UCB), interdisciplinary teams systematically inventoried existing conditions along a 12-km reach of the Nile from Maadi to Tahrir Square, recording river-bank relations, building heights and conditions, circulation, and land-use

Informality, Poverty and Politics in Urban Bangladesh: An Empirical Study of Dhaka City

Urbanization is one of the inevitable feature in the process of development, but rapid expansion of the urban process in Dhaka city has brought with it incredible transformation of lifestyle. Quality of urban life in Dhaka city has become major aspect of urban political economy. The paper aims at studing to explain the situation of informal sector’s worker’s life condition; explore the relation with the creation of slum because of the rising of informal sector, politics are the cause of the rising of urban chaos and there poverty condition. Most of them settle in slum where extreme poverty exists. They have lack of access to fundamental social service and they are being used by political leader. This study tries to explore the relationship among them. The study has been conducted in Dhaka city which is experiencing rapid urbanization and informalization in recent decades. The study is based on both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Urban ethnography has been used to conducted informal activities. Keywords: Informality, Poverty, Marginality,Politics, Urban,Bangladesh

Delhi. The suffering city. Understanding the dynamics of rapid urbanisation

LAUREA MAGISTRALEDelhi, una città metropolitana e la capitale nazionale dell'India. La città è un hub per i settori governativi, le imprese multinazionali e le industrie. È il cuore e l'anima della Nazione. Tuttavia, con maggiori opportunità, c'è un flusso rapido e dinamico di assunzione di popolazione a Delhi. Che è emerso come una preoccupazione per la città. A causa della rapida urbanizzazione, Delhi soffre di uno sviluppo spontaneo e non pianificato. La città attrae la popolazione rurale da oltre confine e da tutta la nazione. Causare situazioni caotiche; sovraffollamento, perdita di spazi ricreativi e cinture verdi e inquinamento; condizioni di vita malsane e pericolose in città. Anche i servizi pubblici come l'alloggio, i servizi igienico-sanitari, i trasporti, l'acqua, l'elettricità, la sanità e l'istruzione hanno sofferto a causa della crescita della popolazione. La povertà, la disoccupazione e la sottoccupazione tra gli immigrati rurali hanno aumentato l'accattonaggio, i furti, i furti con scasso e altri mali sociali. Con l'occhio di un urbanista, questo progetto di tesi sarà una ricerca estesa e un'analisi di revisione su "La città sofferente - Delhi". L'obiettivo è analizzare i modelli migratori a Delhi e il loro impatto. Comprendere da vicino i diversi insediamenti informali e analizzare le somiglianze/differenze in questi insediamenti in tutto il mondo, utilizzando casi di studio. L'obiettivo è analizzare le strategie di governo, che vengono attuate nel tempo. Per prevedere un possibile intervento per far respirare di nuovo Delhi.Delhi, a metropolitan city and the National Capital of India. The city is a hub to the government sectors, multinational businesses, and industries. It is the heart and soul of the Nation. However, with increased opportunity, there is a rapid and dynamic flux of population intake in Delhi. Which has emerged as a concern to the city. Due to rapid urbanization, Delhi suffers from spontaneous and unplanned development. The city attracts the rural population from across borders and all over the nation. Causing chaotic situations; overcrowding, loss of recreational spaces and green belts, and pollution; unhealthy and hazardous living conditions in the city. Public utilities like housing, sanitation, transport, water, electricity, health, and education have also suffered due to the growing population. Poverty, unemployment, and under-employment among rural immigrants have increased the beggary, thefts, burglaries, and other social evils. With the eye of an urban planner, this thesis project will be extended research and review analysis on the ‘The Suffering city – Delhi’. The objective is to analyze the migration patterns in Delhi and their impact. To closely understand the different informal settlements and analyzing the similarities/differences in these settlements across the world, using case studies. The focus is to analyze the government strategies, which are implemented over time. To provide possible intervention to make Delhi breathe again

Digital transformation and cities: How COVID-19 has boosted a new evolution of urban spaces

According to UN-Habitat, in 2020 there were 1,934 metropolises around the world, representing approximately 60 per cent of the world’s urban population. In 2020, 2.5bn people lived in metropolises, which is equivalent to one-third of the global population. Due to their structure and function, this typology of city has become central in tackling key urban challenges in recent years. Thanks to information communications technology (ICT), artificial intelligence (AI), quantum computing and big data analysis, they have demonstrated great flexibility in policymaking and innovation, rethinking their functions and spaces, and enhancing resilience and sustainability in order to provide better services in more efficient ways. Fifteen-minute cities, investment in algorithms for public mobility, conversion of abandoned areas into green spaces, are only some of the solutions adopted around the world in both developed and developing countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated digital processes, allowing for a reconsideration of urban environments, movement, and existence through the employment of new technologies and solutions. Therefore, the major goals of this research are to: 1) review the literature on the influence of ICTs on urban areas; 2) analyse the research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cities; and 3) analyse new policies and resolutions on urban and city planning

Adaptation to flood risk and evacuation procedure changes in the Shonai river basin, comparison of the Tokai flood (2000) and the 2011 flood

名古屋大学Nagoya University博士(工学)doctoral thesi

An Incremental Intervention In Jakarta: An Empowering Infrastructural Approach For Upgrading Informal Settlements

Incrementalism is a growing movement within multiple design disciplines that approaches design with sustainable, social, and resilient aims structured around participatory, infrastructural, and phased approaches to design. Carefully considered structural and independent infrastructural frameworks allow infill and accretion according to the demands and needs of individuals and communities. This paper outlines the theories, case studies, and conditions driving incrementalism. My research has informed my project proposal for an incremental upgrade of a slum located in Jakarta using a phased, soft infrastructural, resident facilitated upgrade and development strategy creating new housing units, productive landscapes, and urban form. Incremental development will foster the social aims of my project, while affordably, equitably, and efficiently upgrading the standards of living for slum dwellers within the Waduk Pluit community