The Common HOL Platform

The Common HOL project aims to facilitate porting source code and proofs between members of the HOL family of theorem provers. At the heart of the project is the Common HOL Platform, which defines a standard HOL theory and API that aims to be compatible with all HOL systems. So far, HOL Light and hol90 have been adapted for conformance, and HOL Zero was originally developed to conform. In this paper we provide motivation for a platform, give an overview of the Common HOL Platform's theory and API components, and show how to adapt legacy systems. We also report on the platform's successful application in the hand-translation of a few thousand lines of source code from HOL Light to HOL Zero.Comment: In Proceedings PxTP 2015, arXiv:1507.0837

Sharing HOL4 and HOL Light proof knowledge

New proof assistant developments often involve concepts similar to already formalized ones. When proving their properties, a human can often take inspiration from the existing formalized proofs available in other provers or libraries. In this paper we propose and evaluate a number of methods, which strengthen proof automation by learning from proof libraries of different provers. Certain conjectures can be proved directly from the dependencies induced by similar proofs in the other library. Even if exact correspondences are not found, learning-reasoning systems can make use of the association between proved theorems and their characteristics to predict the relevant premises. Such external help can be further combined with internal advice. We evaluate the proposed knowledge-sharing methods by reproving the HOL Light and HOL4 standard libraries. The learning-reasoning system HOL(y)Hammer, whose single best strategy could automatically find proofs for 30% of the HOL Light problems, can prove 40% with the knowledge from HOL4

The Anesthesia Continuing Education Market and the Value Creation From a Sustainable Unified Platform

Practicing anesthesia professionals in the United States are all governed by various profession-specific regulatory bodies that mandate continuing education (CE) requirements. To date, no unified resource exists for anesthesia professionals (i.e., Anesthesiologists, Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists, and Anesthesiologist Assistants) to explore the CE offerings available within the marketplace. This study endeavored to convey the potential value of a unified anesthesia CE resource. It investigated how to cultivate a sustainable platform to potentially improve how anesthesia professionals search available CE offerings and to potentially enhance how anesthesia CE providers reach anesthesia professionals. This qualitative study was conducted utilizing an integrative review of the literature. The key concepts identified and investigated were network effect, segmentation, first to market, best of breed, search costs, transaction costs, minimally viable product, evolutionary phases of platforms, platform theory, platform business model, platform economy, and types of platforms. Inductive content analysis was chosen as the organizational method for the resultant qualitative data. The goal of the analysis was to create a conceptual, practical, and strategically applicable platform paradigm for the anesthesia CE marketplace driven by the insights and amalgamations from the literature. The analyzed concepts, dimensions, and indicators of platform successes and their applications potentially facilitate anesthesia professionals’ CE explorations and CE providers’ marketing efforts, as well as contextualize the overarching impacts and implications onto the anesthesia CE industry and beyond. The conclusion portrays these impacts and implications

Un cadre de définition de logiques calculatoires d’ordre supérieur

The main aim of this thesis is to make formal proofs more universal by expressing them in a common logical framework. More specifically, we use the lambda-Pi-calculus modulo rewriting, a lambda calculus equipped with dependent types and term rewriting, as a language for defining logics and expressing proofs in those logics. By representing propositions as types and proofs as programs in this language, we design translations of various systems in a way that is efficient and that preserves their meaning. These translations can then be used for independent proof checking and proof interoperability. In this work, we focus on the translation of logics based on type theory that allow both computation and higher-order quantification as steps of reasoning.Pure type systems are a well-known example of such computational higher-order systems, and form the basis of many modern proof assistants. We design a translation of functional pure type systems to the lambda-Pi-calculus modulo rewriting based on previous work by Cousineau and Dowek. The translation preserves typing, and in particular it therefore also preserves computation. We show that the translation is adequate by proving that it is conservative with respect to the original systems.We also adapt the translation to support universe cumulativity, a feature that is present in modern systems such as intuitionistic type theory and the calculus of inductive constructions. We propose to use explicit coercions to handle the implicit subtyping that is present in cumulativity, bridging the gap between pure type systems and type theory with universes à la Tarski. We also show how to preserve the expressivity of the original systems by adding equations to guarantee that types have a unique term representation, thus maintaining the completeness of the translation.The results of this thesis have been applied in automated proof translation tools. We implemented programs that automatically translate the proofs of HOL, Coq, and Matita, to Dedukti, a type-checker for the lambda-Pi-calculus modulo rewriting. These proofs can then be re-checked and combined together to form new theories in Dedukti, which thus serves as an independent proof checker and a platform for proof interoperability. We tested our tools on a variety of libraries. Experimental results confirm that our translations are correct and that they are efficient compared to the state of the art.L'objectif de cette thèse est de rendre les preuves formelles plus universelles en les exprimant dans un cadre logique commun. Plus précisément nous utilisons le lambda-Pi-calcul modulo réécriture, un lambda calcul équipé de types dépendants et de réécriture, comme langage pour définir des logiques et exprimer des preuves dans ces logiques. En représentant les propositions comme des types et les preuves comme des programmes dans ce langage, nous concevons des traductions de différents systèmes qui sont efficaces et qui préservent leur sens. Ces traductions peuvent ensuite être utilisées pour la vérification indépendante de preuves et l'interopérabilité de preuves. Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons à la traduction de logiques basées sur la théorie des types qui permettent à la fois le calcul et la quantification d'ordre supérieur comme étapes de raisonnement.Les systèmes de types purs sont un exemple notoire de tels systèmes calculatoires d'ordre supérieur, et forment la base de plusieurs assistants de preuve modernes. Nous concevons une traduction des systèmes de types purs en lambda-Pi calcul modulo réécriture basée sur les travaux de Cousineau et Dowek. La traduction préserve le typage et en particulier préserve donc aussi l'évaluation et le calcul. Nous montrons que la traduction est adéquate en prouvant qu'elle est conservative par rapport au système original.Nous adaptons également la traduction pour inclure la cumulativité d'univers, qui est une caractéristique présente dans les systèmes modernes comme la théorie des types intuitionniste et le calcul des constructions inductives. Nous proposons d'utiliser des coercitions explicites pour traiter le sous-typage implicite présent dans la cumulativité, réconciliant ainsi les systèmes de types purs et la théorie des types avec univers à la Tarski. Nous montrons comment préserver l'expressivité des systèmes d'origine en ajoutant des équations pour garantir que les types ont une représentation unique en tant que termes, conservant ainsi la complétude de la traduction.Les résultats de cette thèse ont été appliqués dans des outils de traduction automatique de preuve. Nous avons implémenté des programmes qui traduisent automatiquement les preuves de HOL, Coq, et Matita, en Dedukti, un vérificateur de types pour le lambda-Pi-calcul modulo réécriture. Ces preuves peuvent ensuite être revérifiées et combinées ensemble pour former de nouvelles théories dans Dedukti, qui joue ainsi le rôle de vérificateur de preuves indépendant et de plateforme pour l'interopérabilité de preuves. Nous avons testé ces outils sur plusieurs bibliothèques. Les résultats expérimentaux confirment que nos traductions sont correctes et qu'elles sont efficaces comparées à l'état des outils actuels