Investing in Mobility: Freight Transport in the Hudson Region

Proposes a framework for assessing alternative investments in freight rail, highway, and transit capacity that would increase the ability to improve mobility and air quality in the New York metropolitan area

Property Rights, Standards of Living, and Economic Growth: Western Canadian Cree

The Great Divergence in standards of living for populations around the world occurred in the late 18th century. Prior to that date, evidence suggests that real wages of most Europeans, many living in China and India were similar. Some were a little higher and some a little lower, but with a low dispersion. By the middle of the 19th century, a divergence had occurred with western Europe pulling away from other groups. Little is known about the standards of living of the aboriginal peoples of North America many of whom were primarily hunter/gatherers at the end of the 18th century. Based on comparisons of expenditure, we show that the standard of living of aboriginal people in 1740 was similar to that of wage workers in London. However, within the next century, there would be a great divergence. This paper explores the ways in which hunter-gatherer lifeways and the concomitant property rights structures reduced the likelihood that native economy could experience modern rates of economic growth. Native society and property rights structures which provided a relatively high standard of living in the mid eighteenth century and for part of the nineteenth were unable to provide avenues for further development.native americans, living standards, property rights

New England Philharmonic, March 29, 1996

This is the concert program of the New England Philharmonic performance on Friday, March 29, 1996 at 8:00 p.m., at the Tsai Performance Center, 685 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts. Works performed were Reflections on the Hudson by Nancy Bloomer Deussen, Concerto for Orchestra by Marjorie Merryman, and Symphony No. 1 "Spring" by Robert Schumann. Digitization for Boston University Concert Programs was supported by the Boston University Humanities Library Endowed Fund

Boston Hospitality Review: Fall 2014

Boston Market Hotel Review by Andrea Foster -- The Prevalence of Longevity Amongst Leading Brands by Bradford Hudson -- European River Cruising On The Rise Among American Tourists by Melinda Jàszbernèny -- Building A Spirit of Inclusion: Pan Am and The Cultural Revolution by Mirembe B. Birigwa -- Re-imagining The Hotel Guestroom for The Millennial Business Traveler by Alexis Oliver -- Introducing RevPASH: The Free Webtool Application by Peter Szend

A mission for grammar writing : early approaches to Inuit (Eskimo) languages

The Inuit inhabit a vast area of--from a European point of view--most inhospitable land, stretching from the northeastern tip of Asia to the east coast of Greenland. Inuit peoples have never been numerous, their settlements being scattered over enormous distances. But nevertheless, from an ethnological point of view, all Inuit peoples shared a distinct culture, featuring sea mammal and caribou hunting, sophisticated survival skills, technical and social devices, including the sharing of essential goods and strategies for minimizing and controlling aggression

The Route to China: Northern Europe's Arctic Delusions

The author writes of Henry Hudson and his expedition as exemplifying the interest of northern European countries in finding a sea route to China

Foundation of Empire in the Tudor Era: Further Explorations of the Northeast and Northwest Passages

The British Empire is often traced back to the late sixteenth century and Sir Francis Drake\u27s circumnavigation, but Tudor monarchs had been eyeing expansion beyond Britain long before Drake. John Cabot, commissioned by Henry VII in the late fifteenth century, became the first European to step foot in the Americas in five centuries. Half a century later, adventurers like Richard Chancellor and Sir Hugh Willoughby sought a possible Northeast Passage to Asia, interacting with the Sami and Russians along the way. These expeditions and others like them, funded by the English monarchy and merchants, aimed to expand the kingdom’s economic base and help England find its place in the world. Although the Northeast Passage and Northwest Passage were not successfully charted during the European Age of Exploration, these Tudor explorers contributed to geographic, social, and cultural knowledge and laid the foundation of the largest empire in world history

Development and Achievements of Dutch Northern and Arctic Cartography in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the Dutch made a vital contribution to the mapping of the northern and arctic regions, and their cartographic work played a decisive part in expanding the geographical knowledge of that time. Amsterdam became the centre of international map production and the map trade. Its cartographers and publishers acquired their knowledge partly from the results of expeditions fitted out by their fellow countrymen and partly from foreign voyages of discovery. This paper will describe the growing Dutch awareness of the northern and arctic regions stage by stage and region by region, with the aid of Dutch maps

Ships Observing Marine Climate: a catalogue of the VOS participating in the VSOP-NA

Our present knowledge of the marine climate, as represented by data sets such as COADS (Woodruff et al., 1987), is based on meteorological observations from the Voluntary Observing Ships (VOS). Because the VOS are merchant ships, rather than specially designed meteorological platforms, errors and biases exist in the data. However there is little information readily available to the climatologist either on the nature of the VOS fleet or on the observing practises which are used. This report, describing the forty-six ships that participated in the Voluntary Observing Ships' Special Observing Project - North Atlantic (VSOP-NA), therefore serves two purposes:(i) it provides a reference document to aid analysis of the VSOP-NA data set,(ii) it gives a detailed description of a subset of the VOS, which will be of value in the interpretation of marine climate data sets.This report is in two parts, Part 1 is an overall summary of the ship characteristics, Part 2 is a ship by ship description. The next section will briefly describe the VSOP-NA project, followed by a summary of the characteristics of the VSOP-NA ships (Section 3). Since these ships were specially selected (Section 2.2), the degree to which they are representative of the whole VOS fleet will be carefully considered. The meteorological instrumentation used by the VOS varies depending on which meteorological agency recruited the ships. That used on the chosen VSOP-NA ships is typical of VOS recruited by the countries bordering the North Atlantic, and will be described in Section 4. Section 5 is a summary of Part 1 of the report.Part 2 presents the VSOP-NA ship catalogue. This includes, for each ship, diagrams of the layout (indicating in particular the exposure of the sensors), a summary of the geographical positions at which observations were obtained, and details of the instrumentation used.<br/