Some Remarks on Averroes’ Long Commentary on the Metaphysics Book Alpha Meizon

Averroes, considered to be the greatest Aristotelian commentator in the Middle Ages, has written three different types of commentary on almost all the works of this great philosopher: short, middle and long. These commentaries have been translated into Latin and Hebrew in the early period, and profoundly influenced both Medieval Europe and Jewish thought for centuries. The effect of Averroes in the West was to spread the whole of Europe under the name of Latin Averroism. The text what you have consists of some remarks about the translation of the commentary on the ‘Book Alpha Meizon’, the second book of Averroes’ Tafsīr Mā Ba’d at-Tabī’a

Tomás de Vío, Cayetano. Sobre la providencia y el hado

Spanish translation of Cajetan’s commentary on quaestiones 22 and 116 of the first part of the 'Summa'. The translator precedes the text of Cajetan with a broad introduction in which he compares the views of the author with the interpretation of the same problems by Báñez in the context of the 'De Auxiliis' controversy. According to the translator, Báñez would have been more faithful to the thought of Saint Thomas than Cajetan. However, the core of the contribution of this great commentator will also be assumed by Báñez; it was so important for him that he implicitly quoted it in his last words

Jacopo Sadoleto: De Laocoontis statua (1506) (FONTES 5)

When the statue of Laocoon and his two sons in the clutch of the serpents was discovered near the Colosseum at the beginning of 1506 the excitement was great, and young Jacopo Sadoleto, later a cardinal, then a devoted humanist, composed a poem on this masterpiece based on classical verse. Sadoleto’s text is not without echoes of Vergil’s famous lines about Laocoon and his fate, and with an astonishingly independent judgment on the quality of the subject. This text has been printed in various modern publications on Sadoleto, respect to the Laocoon, but only the edition by the present author, produced in 1992, offered a critical text based on a comparison of all extant printed versions from the 16th and 17th centuries, along with a brief linguistic commentary. Since no other attempt to recover the original text and no more recent commentary have hitherto appeared, the text and commentary of the 1992 publication are here reprinted in a partly abridged, partly enlarged form in order to provide the interested scholar with a reliable text and some linguistic basics as materials for further interpretation

The allegorical sense of Gregory the Great’s commentary on the Song of Songs

Gregory the Great in his Expositio in Canticis Canticorum, created between the years 594 or 595 and 598, ends the patristic tradition of allegorical commentaries on Sg. We are not in the possession of the complete text of Gregory’s commentary, as the text of the Pope’s interpretations finishes at Sg 1 : 8. The text of the commentary as we have it at present shows some signs of a revision made by Gregory I himself and has features characteristic of the original oral version of the text. The comparative study of Origen’s and Gregory’s commentaries shows that Pope Gregory I was familiar with Origen’s homilies and commentary on Sg and used his writings while working on his own text, but only sparingly. Gregory I undoubtedly took from Origen the general approach, some phrases, and at times the way in which exegesis of a certain extract was executed. Gregory discussed the biblical text in accordance with the principles of intellectual, parenetic and pastoral interpretation. The primary interest of the Pope was to extract the spiritual-mystical meaning of the text, and the allegorical interpretation is supposed to help man read the biblical text so that he can love God and follow Him. The allegorical reading of Sg, and actually of the whole Bible as well, should consequently kindle the love of God in man and fill him with thoughts of God. Gregory I recommends a spiritual-ascetic reading of the Bible: the reader is supposed to change his habits for the better, be able to alienate himself ascetically from the surrounding world, and in this way acquire contemplation of Godly matters.Gregory the Great in his Expositio in Canticis Canticorum, created between the years 594 or 595 and 598, ends the patristic tradition of allegorical commentaries on Sg. We are not in the possession of the complete text of Gregory’s commentary, as the text of the Pope’s interpretations finishes at Sg 1 : 8. The text of the commentary as we have it at present shows some signs of a revision made by Gregory I himself and has features characteristic of the original oral version of the text. The comparative study of Origen’s and Gregory’s commentaries shows that Pope Gregory I was familiar with Origen’s homilies and commentary on Sg and used his writings while working on his own text, but only sparingly. Gregory I undoubtedly took from Origen the general approach, some phrases, and at times the way in which exegesis of a certain extract was executed. Gregory discussed the biblical text in accordance with the principles of intellectual, parenetic and pastoral interpretation. The primary interest of the Pope was to extract the spiritual-mystical meaning of the text, and the allegorical interpretation is supposed to help man read the biblical text so that he can love God and follow Him. The allegorical reading of Sg, and actually of the whole Bible as well, should consequently kindle the love of God in man and fill him with thoughts of God. Gregory I recommends a spiritual-ascetic reading of the Bible: the reader is supposed to change his habits for the better, be able to alienate himself ascetically from the surrounding world, and in this way acquire contemplation of Godly matters

Peacetime cyber responses and wartime cyber operations under international law: an analytical vade mecum

Tallinn Manual 2.0 on the International Law Applicable to Cyber Operations examines the application of extant international law principles and rules to cyber activities occurring during both peacetime and armed conflict. It was intended by the two International Groups of Experts that drafted it to be a useful tool for analysis of cyber operations. The manual comprises 154 Rules, together with commentary explaining the source and application of the Rules. However, as a compendium of rules and commentary, the manual merely sets forth the law. In this article, the director of the Tallinn Manual Project offers a roadmap for thinking through cyber operations from the perspective of international law. Two flowcharts are provided, one addressing state responses to peacetime cyber operations, the other analyzing cyber attacks that take place during armed conflicts. The text explains each step in the analytical process. Together, they serve as a vade mecum designed to guide government legal advisers and others through the analytical process that applies in these two situations, which tend to be the focus of great state concern. Readers are cautioned that the article represents but a skeleton of the requisite analysis and therefore should be used in conjunction with the more robust and granular examination of the subjects set forth in Tallinn Manual 2.0

The Carmen de Prodicione Guenonis, Translated into English, with Textual Notes

The second edition of the Carmen de Prodicione Guenonis was published by Gaston Paris in the Romania of 1882. The text, which appears with notable imperfection in the previous transcription by Francisque Michel, was to a considerable extent restored by Professor Paris and accompanied by a running commentary of great value; but no special emphasis was laid on the mere interpretation of the Latin, and on many of the difficulties which he himself noted his ultimate judgment was not expressed

Creating a Multisensory Enter-Active Gospel Storytelling Exegetical Commentary

Many pastors and teachers struggle to make the biblical text come alive both in their own lives and in their congregations. Part of the reason is that although existing commentary genres are a wonderful tool to help in understanding Scripture, they may not allow some to encounter more fully the Word. The reasons for this are 1) great academic commentaries may not alone be able to connect with a pastor and his or her congregation; 2) there are currently no commentaries that take into account the multisensory and emotional dimensions of the original author and text; and 3) with the shift in how we think, a new genre of commentaries will need to move from being text-based, linear and logical to embodying more of the human process of knowing. Learning, in part, involves the whole person in a multisensory manner, experiencing the ancient text and entering into it as a participant, not just as a detached observer. The biblical accounts are then studied in a story-exegetical manner using a multisensory commentary approach. The integrity of the author\u27s original meaning, the genre of the literature and the current reader are all important hermeneutical components. The conviction behind this dissertation is that experiencing the Gospels through multisensory, story-telling exegesis will remove some of the frustrations that pastors and their congregations experience

Acting Out the Old Sport

The purpose of this exercise is twofold: one, to have students make text-based interpretations in their discussion, planning, and eventual performance of scenes from The Great Gatsby; two, to have students see the crucial (albeit sometimes frustrating) role of Nick Carraway as the narrator of the novel. In their performance groups, one student will fill the role of “performing” (verbally) Carraway’s interior monologue as conceived by the group, so it will be necessary for students to make informed decisions on his mental commentary. In being tasked with bringing Fitzgerald’s text to life for their peers, students will also gain a deeper understanding of some of the fundamental aspects of fiction: scene, character development, plot, dialogue, and others

The Marvels Found in the Great Cities and in the Seas and on the Islands

"This volume presents the original text, accompanied by an English translation and commentary, of a hitherto unpublished Syriac composition, entitled the Marvels Found in the Great Cities and in the Seas and on the Islands. Produced by an unknown East Syrian Christian author during the late medieval or early modern period, this work offers a loosely organized catalogue of marvellous events, phenomena, and objects, natural as well as human-made, found throughout the world. The Marvels is a unique composition in that it bears witness to the creative adoption by Syriac Christians of the paradoxographical literary mode of ‘aǧā’ib that enjoyed great popularity among their Arabic- and Persian-speaking Muslim neighbours. In this composition, the East Syrian author blends together a number of different paradoxographical traditions: some inherited from the earlier Christian works in Syriac, such as the Alexander Romance, some borrowed directly or indirectly from Muslim geographical and other works, and some, apparently, circulating as a part of local oral lore. Combining entertainment and didacticism, he provides his audience with a fascinating panorama of imaginary geography, which at the same time has unmistakable Christian features. This edition makes a fascinating Syriac work available to a wider audience, and provides detailed insights into the rich assortment of traditions creatively woven together by its author. Thanks to the combination of the original text, English translation and commentary, it will be of interest to scholars and readers alike.

When I am Laid in Earth: a novel, and critical commentary investigating ‘Evocations of the Gothic: Creating “The Great Wrong Place’ and Material Evidence in Contemporary Crime Fiction

The thesis is in two parts: Creative Writing (a novel) plus a Critical Commentary. The novel is an illustrated crime thriller with three male protagonists. In 2016, historical novelist, Cathy Adams is murdered at her isolated home; in 1851, twenty-five indentured mill girls disappear without trace. How these events are linked is revealed through the documents and images illustrating the text; the reader is encouraged to become detective. Set in an isolated West Yorkshire mill town, the story follows the lives of the three men in Cathy’s life - her son, ex-husband and her father-in-law - as they seek their versions of the truth. This is a novel of palimpsests, about the rewriting of history and the evidence that the dead leave behind. The critical commentary is split into the four main areas explored through the writing process: establishing the key lineage of Domestic Noir in relation to Sensation Fiction and the use of Gothic tropes in the modern cultural setting; the creation of landscape and domestic settings with their own narratives, and finally, the nature, revelation and interpretation of material evidence in crime fiction. The original contribution to knowledge in the creative work lies in the clues presented in the narrative and the included digital images; these give the female victim agency and reveal otherwise unexplored aspects of the male characters’ lives. In the Commentary, original contribution is found in the critical and personal examination of the importance of landscape and the ‘Great Wrong Place’ to crime fiction; it also offers new insights into the relationships between evidence, narrative, image and text in the digital age