Terminology as a system of knowledge representation: An overview

Terminology has an important role in the framework of specialised knowledge, especially as regards its elaboration, representation and transmission through verbal language. This study focuses on the nature of knowledge that is organised in terminological collections. Terms are interpreted as the units where the mental, linguistic, communicative, and referential facets of specialised knowledge coalesce. Terminology schools belonging to different traditions have attributed distinct values to the notion of term and to its content, as a consequence of the underlying terminological and linguistic theories used as reference (\ua7 2.). Accordingly, terminology theories and applications display the prevalence of either a prescriptive or descriptive approach; the former characterises the General Theory of Terminology, the latter is typical of contemporary schools related to socioterminology, textual terminology, the sociocognitive approach, and the communicative theory of terminology (\ua7 3.). An analysis of the nature of knowledge as represented in terminology works makes it possible to recognise the importance of representing the system of knowledge through a relational scheme of concepts and terms which allows the user to delineate the definition of the single units of knowledge (\ua7 4.). This model, which has been outlined since W\ufcster\u2019s theory as a hierarchical frame of relations and dependences, can be described in terms of an ontology, also as a result of the recent integration of terminology with information science. Even though ontology offers a model of representation of specialised knowledge which is relatively neutral from the linguistic and cultural point of view, this structure can be integrated with the cognitive, sociological and pragmatic facets of terms, which have acquired a growing importance in contemporary terminology. In this way ontology remains a basic component of a satisfactory representation of concept systems, even when the analytical perspective is interlinguistic and intercultural, as is the case with the applications that follow the termontography method

Should Terminology Principles be re-examined?

International audienceOperationalization of terminology for IT applications has revived the Wüsterian approach. The conceptual dimension once more prevails after taking back seat to specialised lexicography. This is demonstrated by the emergence of ontology in terminology. While the Terminology Principles as defined in Felber's manual and the ISO standards remain at the core of traditional terminology , their computational implementation raises some issues. In this article, while reiterating their importance, we will be re-examining these Principles from a dual perspective: that of logic in the mathematical sense of the term and that of epistemology as in the theory of knowledge. We will thus be clarifying and describing some of them so as to take into account advances in knowledge engineering (ontology) and formal systems (logic). The notion of ontoterminology, terminology whose conceptual system is a formal ontology, results from this approach

UNDERGRADUATE MUSIC THEORY TERMINOLOGY USED BY SELECTED SPANISH-SPEAKING INSTRUCTORS IN CHILE: DEVELOPMENT, SIMILARITIES, AND LIMITATIONS

Six Chilean music theory instructors participated in an anonymous survey applied over an online platform between April and October of 2017. These instructors were invited to participate in this study because of their role in teaching music theory at influential institutions, each of which is ranked among the top ten best universities in Chile. The questions included in the survey relate to the terminology used to refer to music elements upon which current American music theory textbooks consistently agree, and that are usually taught during the first two years of undergraduate studies in accredited American music schools: types of cadences, periods, sentences, types of 6/4 chords, augmented sixth chords, tonicization, modulation, binary form, and the exposition of the sonata form. Music theory terminology and its standardization facilitates the communication of the participants of the domain, as well as the transmission of knowledge and practice of the field. This characteristic of music terminology is an essential pedagogical tool for the training of musicians, especially undergraduate students. In order to evaluate and compare the level of standardization of music theory terminology used by Chilean instructors, this research will first assess the level of standardization of seven American music theory textbooks, and one British textbook

Requirements for a Nutrition Education Demonstrator

[Context and Motivation] Development of innovative ICT-based applications is a complex process involving collaboration of all relevant disciplines. This complexity arises due to differences in terminology, knowledge and often also the ways of working between developers in the disciplines involved. [Question/problem] Advances in each discipline bring a rich design environment of theories, models, methods and techniques. Making a selection from these makes the development of distributed applications very challenging, often requiring a holistic approach to address the needs of the disciplines involved. This paper describes early stage requirements acquisition of a mobile nutrition education demonstrator which supports overweight persons in adopting healthier dietary behaviour. [Principal idea/results] We present a novel way to combine and use known requirements acquisition methods involving a two stage user needs analysis based on scenarios which apply a theory-based model of behavioural change and are onstructed in two phases. The first phase scenarios specify an indicative description reflecting the use of the transtheoretical model of behavioural change. In the second phase, a handshake protocol adds elements of optative system-oriented descriptions to the scenarios such that the intended system can support the indicative description. [Contribution] The holistic and phased approach separates design concerns to which each of the disciplines contributes with their own expertise and domain principles. It preserves the applied domain principles in the design and it bridges gaps in terminology, knowledge and ways of working

(Optimal) governance of research support by “Survey Methodology”

Survey research is an integral element of modern social science. The infrastructure in terms of research institute, surveys, conferences and journals has greatly improved over the past 20 years and recently several initiatives have gained momentum even on a European level. This development has brought about the need for an integrated theoretical concept in order to assess and evaluate the quality of surveys and survey estimates. In our view, survey methodology is an interdisciplinary body of knowledge and expertise that describes the “science of conducting and evaluating surveys”. It is a theory-driven empirical approach to assess the quality of survey research. Thus, it applies the principles of survey research to the development and assessment of this very method. Even though surveys have been conducted in a highly professional manner for decades, survey methodology offers the opportunity to use a universal theoretical approach when planning and assessing surveys and also a joint terminology. Both, the integrated theoretical concept and the joint terminology foster the professionalization of survey methods and stimulates methodological research on the improvement of survey methods. One key element of survey methodology is the total survey error framework. It shall be described in greater detail below (section 1). Afterwards we will discuss some limitations of this concept (section 2) and mechanisms ad organizational issues in order to promote the use of this concept (section 3).

A PILOT STUDY EVALUATING A TRAINING FOR MUSIC THERAPY STUDENTS ON CONSIDERATIONS FOR LGBTQ CLIENTS

Music therapists are expected to understand the influence of gender identity, gender expression, and sexual orientation on the therapeutic process, yet may not be receiving education that adequately prepares them to support LGBTQ clients. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of a one-hour educational training for music therapy students on considerations for working with LGBTQ clients. The presentation included information about terminology, discrimination, healthcare discrimination, music therapy research, musical considerations, and additional resources provided as a handout. The minority stress theory and queer theory informed the development of the presentation. Exploratory analysis revealed that participants (N = 5) demonstrated significant improvement in perceptions of their preparedness to support LGBTQ clients following the presentation, Z = 2.03, p = .042, r = 0.91, particularly regarding terminology and healthcare disparities. Although changes in knowledge did not reach statistical significance, measures of central tendency indicated some improvement following the presentation. Music therapy students made positive statements about knowledge gained from the training and expressed wanting to learn more about LGBTQ advocacy and discrimination in healthcare. Results suggest that a one-hour training may be useful for increasing music therapy students’ perceptions of preparedness to work with LGBTQ clients

Theories of ICT Design: Where Social Studies of Technology Meet the Distributed Cognitive Perspective

In this paper we examine the possibility to bridge theory of Distributed Cognition with popular theories of Social Studies of Technology (in particular, Actor-Network Theory and Social Construction of Technology). Responding to a recent call for revisiting the design metaphor, in this paper we aim to obtain more precise terminology for describing the phenomena of ICT design in theoretical terms. We argue that establishing correlations between the two bodies of literature adds new knowledge to a community of scholars caters for betterment of managerial practice in complex design tasks