Osnovni tjelesni nacrti za mekane modularne pneubotske konstrukcije u arhitekturi

This article introduces a theoretical model for the design of pneubotic structures that can be constructed and actuated by using the modular unit volume element. Through analysis of construction of soft robots, pneumatically adaptive and responsive structures and art installations, a set of four basic body plans is proposed, as abstract expressions that form a base for the design of soft modular pneubotics in architecture.Članak donosi teorijski model za projektiranje mekih pneubotskih konstrukcija koje se mogu konstruirati i pokretati koristeći jedinični modularni volumenski element. Analizom konstrukcije mekih robota, pneumatski prilagodljivih i reagirajućih konstrukcija te umjetničkih instalacija, dobiven je set od četiriju osnovnih tipova tjelesnih nacrta kao apstraktnih izraza za projektiranje složenih modularnih pneubotskih konstrukcija u arhitekturi

A model for spatial planning of site and building using BIM methodology

 In this day and age, as information technology develops at an intense pace, the construction sector cannot af­ford to fall behind. The term “building information modelling”, or BIM, is now used increasingly more frequently. BIM covers the entire life span of a building – from planning to demolition. However, it should not be forgotten, that with­out a site, there can be no building. Territorial planning documents establish certain requirements for both the site itself and the buildings to be built within its boundaries. At present, territorial planning and building design are, for the most part, carried out as separate processes. In order to develop a more rational and effective process for the execution of a construction project, more attention should be paid to the stage of initial site and building planning (spatial planning). The requirements established by territorial planning documents must be taken into account at the initial site and building planning stage. A spatial planning model for buildings associated with a territorial planning system was developed as part of this study and could be used as a basis for further building information modelling. First published online: 21 Nov 201

Regularities of defect development in the asphalt concrete road pavements

A new classification of asphalt concerete pavement defects is presented in the article and the causes of their development are systematised. The dynamics of asphalt concrete pavement defect development in the road and the dependence of pavement deterioration on the type of defects are presented in the theoretical graphic model. The change of road pavement structural strength (stiffness modulus) depending on the pavement service life is also described. The dependence of the level of asphalt concrete pavement on the most important roads of the Republic of Lithuania (road Vilnius-Kaunas [Al] and motorway Vilnius Panevėžys [A2]) measured with one-wheel dynamometric trailer PKRS-2U (Russia) on the level of pavement deterioration has been identified through experiments. The analysis of the dependence of transport costs and driving speed on road pavement level has been carried out. Regression equations of such dependence and correlation coefficients as well as relations are presented too. Frist Published Online: 30 Jul 201

Conservation Guidelines for Monumental Buildings from the Aspect of Safety - on the Example of the Restoration of Dubrovnik

Nakon oštećenja nastalih u Domovinskom ratu bilo je potrebno obnoviti monumentalne zgrade u Dubrovniku. Obnovu je trebalo započeti hitno radi sprečavanja daljnjeg propadanja onoga što je ostalo. Pritom se postavlja pitanje koliko poštovati konzervatorske smjernice i na koji ih način uklopiti u sigurnosne zahtjeve. U budućnosti bi trebalo izraditi preporuke koje bi pomirile te zahtjeve.After war damage it was necessary to renew historical buildings. Renewal had to be quick to prevent the further deterioration of what was left. The problem appeared of how to honour conservation guidelines while complying with safety demands. In future recommendations should be made to reconcile these requirements

Decision model for selection of modernization measures: public building case

The aim of our study is to present the decision model for selection of optimal combinations of modernization measures. the presented algorithm of decision synthesis method comprises method for integrated significance determination of efficiency indicators and multiple criteria decision methods. the paper also presents the case study illustrating the application of proposed model. as the alternative modernization measures can generate many alternative combinations the decision tree model was proposed as an efficient tool facilitating the analysis of big data and included in algorithm. three multiple criteria decision support methods based on quantitative measurements included in algorithm used to increase the reliability of the decision. the proposed algorithm is very suitable for evaluation of modernization decisions of the building and enables decision-maker to select the best performing alternative in terms of energy consumption, cost of instalment and other relevant criteria

Conservation Guidelines for Monumental Buildings from the Aspect of Safety - on the Example of the Restoration of Dubrovnik

Nakon oštećenja nastalih u Domovinskom ratu bilo je potrebno obnoviti monumentalne zgrade u Dubrovniku. Obnovu je trebalo započeti hitno radi sprečavanja daljnjeg propadanja onoga što je ostalo. Pritom se postavlja pitanje koliko poštovati konzervatorske smjernice i na koji ih način uklopiti u sigurnosne zahtjeve. U budućnosti bi trebalo izraditi preporuke koje bi pomirile te zahtjeve.After war damage it was necessary to renew historical buildings. Renewal had to be quick to prevent the further deterioration of what was left. The problem appeared of how to honour conservation guidelines while complying with safety demands. In future recommendations should be made to reconcile these requirements

Innovative approaches to waste reduction, reuse and recycling within an integrated urban planning concept

Municipal solid waste is generated through the activities of every economic sector. In the 20th century, the usual methods of waste management were landfilling and incineration. European theory and practice in the past 20 years has recognised new concepts and approaches in Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM). Based on EU directives and national laws, many European countries have already established a Zero Waste concept, with the aim of shifting the current MSWM practices towards sustainable natural cycles, whereby almost all discarded materials become resources for others to use. The Zero Waste concept involves re-use, recycling, and waste reduction and its ultimate goal is the nullification of all waste produced in a specific area. Unfortunately, not all European countries have managed to achieve this goal yet. Most of them have reached the milestone of 40-60% waste recycling (according to the statistics of European Environmental Agency, while others are still in the initial stages). This chapter will describe the step-by-step implementation of innovative approaches to waste reduction, reuse, and recycling, using the case study of the municipality of New Belgrade in Serbia. The Serbian context is of particular interest, since almost none of the EU policies on waste reduction have been implemented. Therefore, the chapter will provide a model-approach to efficient MSWM in accordance with recent EU practices, directives, and laws. The model described is of interest to other municipalities that have not yet developed a strategy for sustainable waste management.Editors: Enrico Anguillari and Branka Dimitrijevi

integrated urban planning:

The purpose of this book is to present ongoing research from the universities involved in the project Creating the Network of Knowledge Labs for Sustainable and Resilient Environments (KLABS). The papers published in this book show that the recent and current research in those institutions focuses on the directions of development of IUP, the processes that support sustainable use of natural resources and their application in the Western Balkan and some other European countries. Each essay aims to provide an overview of key aspects of the research topic. Over the first two decades of the 21st century, some significant changes have been taking place in the natural environment (climate change, loss of biodiversity), societies (increased migrations, population growth and aging, increasing gap between poor and rich), and economy (globalisation, financial crash, digital revolution and increasing automatisation), new directions are emerging for sustainable human development with the aim to overcome those problems. Some novel research directions are reviewed by Maura Benagiamo whose chapter provides an overview of the critiques of the resilience paradigm, the recurrent concept of de-growth, as well as of the political ecology approaches towards the potential resolutions related to the problems of implementing IUP. When a significant and not yet fully functional political restructuring takes place, as in the case of Republic of Srpska within Bosnia and Herzegovina, a certain situation arises: the barriers to implementing IUP and the directions for their removal by improving the IUP methodology, the related professional education, and the training, as well as strengthening of the institutional and socioeconomic capacities, are analysed by Brankica Milojevic. Following an outline of the concept of a new urban governance model required for IUP and the application of IUP as an instrument for creating sustainable public policies on urban development, the chapter by Marija Maruna, Danijela Milovanovic Rodic, and Ratka Colic provides information on the implementation of the IUP principles in the teaching of master students at the University of Belgrade. The key issues in the use of natural resources in order to plan efficient and productive cities are explored by investigating the relationship between the concepts of resource efficiency and resilience in the chapter by Antonio Girardi. One of the aspects of resource efficiency, that of waste reduction, reuse, and recycling in Serbia, is analysed in the chapter by Marina Nenković-Riznić and demonstrated by presenting innovative approaches to waste management in the municipality of New Belgrade. As natural resources and the built environment made of those resources need to be protected from natural disasters such as flooding, two chapters by Žana Topalović and Đurica Marković provide an overview of integrated flood management approaches and flood risk management procedures, policies, and practice. The final group of chapters focuses on how territories are affected by economic, political, and social pressures and what governance instruments should be improved to address them. The negative impacts on cities of neo-liberal economy through market-driven global investments are investigated by Dan Narita who proposes ecologically driven urban development approaches that increase the resilience of natural and built environments. The pressure of informal city growth and how to resolve this challenge through responsive master planning are key issues explored in the chapter by Biserka Mitrovic, Jelena Maric, and Tamara Vukovic. Participatory approaches instead of state-led land use planning are proposed as a way forward for IUP of urban-rural communities in the chapter by Martin Broz, who discusses how they can support a balanced agricultural production and strengthen relationships between urban and rural areas. The above essays provide evidence of the research on some of the key problems that must be solved when applying IUP. The need for improving governance systems and instruments that will enable the application of IUP principles to emerge as a cross-sectional theme. The researchers’ engagement in real-life case studies demonstrates that their proposals for improvements in policies, practice, and professional education are founded on valuable insights. We believe that the presented research outputs will be an important source of knowledge for the students at various new MSc courses that focus on sustainable and resilient built environments in Western Balkan countries, as well as for policymakers, urban planners, and other researchers in this field

sustainable and resilient building design:

The challenges to which contemporary building design needs to respond grow steadily. They originate from the influence of changing environmental conditions on buildings, as well as from the need to reduce the impact of buildings on the environment. The increasing complexity requires the continual revision of design principles and their harmonisation with current scientific findings, technological development, and environmental, social, and economic factors. It is precisely these issues that form the backbone of the thematic book, Sustainable and Resilient Building Design: Approaches, Methods, and Tools. The purpose of this book is to present ongoing research from the universities involved in the project Creating the Network of Knowledge Labs for Sustainable and Resilient Environments (KLABS). The book starts with the exploration of the origin, development, and the state-of-the-art notions of environmental design and resource efficiency. Subsequently, climate change complexity and dynamics are studied, and the design strategy for climate-proof buildings is articulated. The investigation into the resilience of buildings is further deepened by examining a case study of fire protection. The book then investigates interrelations between sustainable and resilient building design, compares their key postulates and objectives, and searches for the possibilities of their integration into an outreaching approach. The fifth article in the book deals with potentials and constraints in relation to the assessment of the sustainability (and resilience) of buildings. It critically analyses different existing building certification models, their development paths, systems, and processes, and compares them with the general objectives of building ratings. The subsequent paper outlines the basis and the meaning of the risk and its management system, and provides an overview of different visual, auxiliary, and statistical risk assessment methods and tools. Following the studies of the meanings of sustainable and resilient buildings, the book focuses on the aspects of building components and materials. Here, the life cycle assessment (LCA) method for quantifying the environmental impact of building products is introduced and analysed in detail, followed by a comprehensive comparative overview of the LCA-based software and databases that enable both individual assessment and the comparison of different design alternatives. The impact of climate and pollution on the resilience of building materials is analysed using the examples of stone, wood, concrete, and ceramic materials. Accordingly, the contribution of traditional and alternative building materials to the reduction of negative environmental impact is discussed and depicted through different examples. The book subsequently addresses existing building stock, in which environmental, social, and economic benefits of building refurbishment are outlined by different case studies. Further on, a method for the upgrade of existing buildings, described as ‘integrated rehabilitation’, is deliberated and supported by best practice examples of exoskeleton architectural prosthesis. The final paper reflects on the principles of regenerative design, reveals the significance of biological entities, and recognises the need to assign to buildings and their elements a more advanced role towards natural systems in human environments