Diversity of eruptive styles inferred from the microlites of Mt Pelée andesite (Martinique, Lesser Antilles).

International audienceWe have studied the compositional and textural characteristics of plagioclase microlites from several dome-forming eruptions (dome, block-and-ash flows, and surges) and plinian fallouts of the recent period of activity of Mt Pelée in order to infer magma ascent dynamics. Dome-forming and plinian samples display a wide range of plagioclase microlite compositions, from An35 to An90 and An55 to An90, respectively. Microlites with compositions > An50-60 crystallized from a mafic melt that intruded the andesitic reservoir in proportion of ~10 vol %. During magma ascent in the conduit, the fraction, number density, and morphology of the decompression-induced microlites (compositions < An50-60) suggest that the plinian magmas experienced a nucleation-dominated crystallization regime with high undercooling. In contrast magmas from domes and block-and-ash flows were dominated by a growth regime with low undercooling, and the surges were influenced by both regimes. According to these crystallization regimes and new experimental data on H2O content of the matrix glasses, we propose magma relative ascent rates and fragmentation pressures for the different eruptive styles observed at Mt Pelée that may explain why surges are explosive events and why they may or may not be followed by a plinian event

Supply-side analysis of the commercial office market and a replacement cost index

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-77).by Mark G. Roberts.M.S

Transferencia de calor e massa em processos de borbulhamento

Orientador: Alberto Luiz de AndradeTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia QuimicaResumo: Um estudo te6rico-experimental do processo de absorção por borbulhamento, envolvendo transferência de massa isotérmica e transferência simultânea de calor e massa, é feito a partir de um modelo de bolha esférica estagnada,sem reação química. As equações resultantes do modelo foram utilizadas para o cálculo de diversas variáveis importantes para o processo, tais como os coeficientes de transferência simultânea de calor e massa internos à bolha, obtidas a partir do conhecimento do comportamento transiente interfacial da concentração e da temperatura. O problema foi tratado em duas etapas distintas: A primeira, constituída do estudo de uma absorção isotérmica; a segunda, incorporando o efeito da temperatura no processo, mantidos os mesmos componentes. Foi construído um equipamento que permitiu a obtenção de dados experimentais para o sistema etanol-água, possibilitando uma análise do processo em várias condições de operação. Técnicas de medidas e algorítimos de cálculos foram propostos de maneira a se obterem resultados consistentes através das equações do modelo. A influência da temperatura nas taxas de transferência de massa fica explicitamente identificada através dos perfis de concentração e de temperatura da fase contínua obtidas com as equações do modelo, os quais apresentam, experimentalmente, boa concordância com as medidasAbstract: Not informed.DoutoradoSistemas de Processos Quimicos e InformaticaDoutor em Engenharia Químic

Three Studies Examining the Effects of Psychological Distance on Judgment and Decision Making in Accounting

This dissertation comprises three studies, a literature review and two experimental studies, that center on the effects of psychological distance on judgment and decision-making in accounting. Construal level theory (CLT) of psychological distance (Liberman and Trope 1998; Trope and Liberman 2003), a framework recently developed in the field of social psychology, constitutes the theoretical foundation for each study. The first study reviews extant literature on CLT and illustrates the theory\u27s potential for investigating previously unexplained phenomena within the accounting domain. Selected publications that apply CLT in contexts that are of particular interest to accounting researchers are emphasized and a series of broad, CLT-based research questions pertaining to various accounting domains are offered. The second study applies CLT to the audit context by investigating whether the performance of common auditing tasks that require varying degrees of abstract thinking affect decision-makers\u27 overall mindset and hence their subsequent judgment. Results from the second study have important implications for audit practice as auditors work in environments that require frequent shifts in focus due to multiple client or project demands. The third study applies CLT to the enterprise risk management context by examining how spatial distance from a risk assessment object and risk category (i.e., the type of risk) affects decision-makers\u27 assessment of the probability that the risk will materialize. The third study thus informs the corporate governance literature by identifying psychological distance as a potential source for judgment bias during the risk assessment process. Overall, the results reported in this dissertation suggest that psychological distance systematically affects individuals\u27 judgment subject to the caveat that the judgment of concern falls within the domain of the decision-maker\u27s routine cognition. By presenting empirical evidence from both the audit and the risk management domain, the studies contribute to our understanding of the heuristics and biases in judgment and decision-making in professional settings that are of interest to accounting research

The measurement of the winds near the ocean surface with a radiometer-scatterometer on Skylab

The author has identified the following significant results. There were a total of twenty-six passes in the ZLV mode that yielded useful data. Six were in the in-track noncontiguous mode; all others were in the cross-track noncontiguous mode. The wind speed and direction, as effectively determined in a neutral atmosphere at 19.5 m above the sea surface, were found for each cell scanned by S193. It is shown how the passive microwave measurements were used both to compute the attenuation of the radar beam and to determine those cells where the backscatter measurement was suspect. Given the direction of the wind from some independent source, with the typical accuracy of measurement by available meteorological methods, a backscatter measurement at a nadir angle of 50, 43, or 32 deg can be used to compute the speed of the wind averaged over the illuminated area

Using feeding ecology to influence captive Slow Loris (Nycticebus spp.) nutrition and husbandry

Despite the advancement of science within the animal nutrition field, specifically production and domestic animals, exotic animal nutrition is very little studied. Some species are so understudied or shrouded in routine and anecdotes that both zoos and rescue centres manage them the same way, the wrong way. The slow lorises Nycticebus spp. are one of these species. I aimed to investigate the diet of wild Javan slow lorises, in order to create an appropriate captive diet for them. My objectives were to assess the current state of captive slow loris diets, calculate the nutrient intake rates and energy expenditure in wild individuals, assess the importance of natural food items within their diet, and finally, to trial a new diet and assess its long term impacts on health. From June 2014 to June 2015 I collected behavioural and feeding data on 17 radio-collared wild Javan slow lorises near Cipaganti, Indonesia. Food samples were collected and analysed for proximate and fibre analyses. Our diet trials were conducted in a rescue centre where we introduced gum into their diets and recorded food passage time. We collecte faecal samples of wild and captive individuals and analysed them for chitinolytic activity. We developed a new diet and compared nutrient intake, digestion and passage rate of the old and new diets. Wild diet was gum, insects and plant parts with seasonal variations in intake. Average intake was high in protein and fibre, low in sugars. They are able to vary their behavior to adjust energy expenditure. Captive animals increased passage rates when fed gum and potentially can digest chitin. Our new diet of gum, insects and vegetables had similar physiological effects than wild diets: slower and more efficient digestion and more appropriate nutrient intake. It was conducive to optimum weight and health