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Systematic identification and communication of type errors
When type inference fails, it is often difficult to pinpoint the cause of the type error among many potential candidates. Generating informative messages to remove the type error is another difficult task due to the limited availability of type information. Over the last three decades many approaches have been developed to help debug type errors. However, most of these methods suffer from one or more of the following problems: (1) Being incomplete, they miss the real cause. (2) They cover many potential causes without distinguishing them. (3) They provide little or no information for how to remove the type error. Any one of this problems can turn the type-error debugging process into a tedious and ineffective endeavor. To address this issue, we have developed a method named counter-factual typing, which (1) finds a comprehensive set of error causes in AST leaves, (2) computes an informative message on how to get rid of the type error for each error cause, and (3) ranks all messages and iteratively presents the message for the most likely error cause. The biggest technical challenge is the efficient generation of all error messages, which seems to be exponential in the size of the expression. We address this challenge by employing the idea of variational typing that systematically reuses computations for shared parts and generates all messages by typing the whole ill-typed expression only once. We have evaluated our approach over a large set of examples collected from previous publications in the literature. The evaluation result shows that our approach outperforms previous approaches and is computationally feasible
Supporting Defect Causal Analysis in Practice with Cross-Company Data on Causes of Requirements Engineering Problems
[Context] Defect Causal Analysis (DCA) represents an efficient practice to
improve software processes. While knowledge on cause-effect relations is
helpful to support DCA, collecting cause-effect data may require significant
effort and time. [Goal] We propose and evaluate a new DCA approach that uses
cross-company data to support the practical application of DCA. [Method] We
collected cross-company data on causes of requirements engineering problems
from 74 Brazilian organizations and built a Bayesian network. Our DCA approach
uses the diagnostic inference of the Bayesian network to support DCA sessions.
We evaluated our approach by applying a model for technology transfer to
industry and conducted three consecutive evaluations: (i) in academia, (ii)
with industry representatives of the Fraunhofer Project Center at UFBA, and
(iii) in an industrial case study at the Brazilian National Development Bank
(BNDES). [Results] We received positive feedback in all three evaluations and
the cross-company data was considered helpful for determining main causes.
[Conclusions] Our results strengthen our confidence in that supporting DCA with
cross-company data is promising and should be further investigated.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for the 39th International Conference
on Software Engineering (ICSE'17
Annotated Bibliography: Understanding Ambulatory Care Practices in the Context of Patient Safety and Quality Improvement.
The ambulatory care setting is an increasingly important component of the patient safety conversation. Inpatient safety is the primary focus of the vast majority of safety research and interventions, but the ambulatory setting is actually where most medical care is administered. Recent attention has shifted toward examining ambulatory care in order to implement better health care quality and safety practices. This annotated bibliography was created to analyze and augment the current literature on ambulatory care practices with regard to patient safety and quality improvement. By providing a thorough examination of current practices, potential improvement strategies in ambulatory care health care settings can be suggested. A better understanding of the myriad factors that influence delivery of patient care will catalyze future health care system development and implementation in the ambulatory setting
Tahap penguasaan, sikap dan minat pelajar Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi MARA terhadap mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggeris
Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti tahap penguasaan, sikap dan minat pelajar
Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi Mara Sri Gading terhadap Bahasa Inggeris. Kajian yang
dijalankan ini berbentuk deskriptif atau lebih dikenali sebagai kaedah tinjauan. Seramai
325 orang pelajar Diploma in Construction Technology dari Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi
Mara di daerah Batu Pahat telah dipilih sebagai sampel dalam kajian ini. Data yang
diperoleh melalui instrument soal selidik telah dianalisis untuk mendapatkan
pengukuran min, sisihan piawai, dan Pekali Korelasi Pearson untuk melihat hubungan
hasil dapatan data. Manakala, frekuensi dan peratusan digunakan bagi mengukur
penguasaan pelajar. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap penguasaan
Bahasa Inggeris pelajar adalah berada pada tahap sederhana manakala faktor utama yang
mempengaruhi penguasaan Bahasa Inggeris tersebut adalah minat diikuti oleh sikap.
Hasil dapatan menggunakan pekali Korelasi Pearson juga menunjukkan bahawa terdapat
hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap dengan penguasaan Bahasa Inggeris dan antara
minat dengan penguasaan Bahasa Inggeris. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa semakin positif
sikap dan minat pelajar terhadap pengajaran dan pembelajaran Bahasa Inggeris semakin
tinggi pencapaian mereka. Hasil daripada kajian ini diharapkan dapat membantu pelajar
dalam meningkatkan penguasaan Bahasa Inggeris dengan memupuk sikap positif dalam
diri serta meningkatkan minat mereka terhadap Bahasa Inggeris dengan lebih baik. Oleh
itu, diharap kajian ini dapat memberi panduan kepada pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam
membuat kajian yang akan datang
What cases on lean hospital transformation tell us?
The scientific knowledge about the lean transformation of hospital processes is at best in its “emerging” phase; neither related international, nor Hungarian literature offers a systematic, comprehensive description of the phenomenon (Brandao de Souza, 2009). In this paper empirical evidences concerning the lean transformation of hospital processes are researched and systemized. Thus it provides a new insight of existing knowledge in order to provide solid base for further researches and practical actions
Introduction to Quantum Error Correction
In this introduction we motivate and explain the ``decoding'' and
``subsystems'' view of quantum error correction. We explain how quantum noise
in QIP can be described and classified, and summarize the requirements that
need to be satisfied for fault tolerance. Considering the capabilities of
currently available quantum technology, the requirements appear daunting. But
the idea of ``subsystems'' shows that these requirements can be met in many
different, and often unexpected ways.Comment: 44 pages, to appear in LA Science. Hyperlinked PDF at
http://www.c3.lanl.gov/~knill/qip/ecprhtml/ecprpdf.pdf, HTML at
http://www.c3.lanl.gov/~knill/qip/ecprhtm
Supervision and Scholarly Writing: Writing to Learn - Learning to Write
This paper describes an action research project on postgraduate students’ scholarly writing in which I employed reflective approaches to examine and enhance my postgraduate supervisory practice. My reflections on three distinct cycles of supervision illustrate a shift in thinking about scholarly writing and an evolving understanding of how to support postgraduate students’ writing. These understandings provide the foundation for a future-oriented fourth cycle of supervisory practice, which is characterised by three principles, namely the empowerment of students as writers, the technological context of contemporary writing, and ethical issues in writing
9286 Stars: An Agglomeration of Stellar Polarization Catalogs
This is a revision. The revisions are minor. The new version of the catalog
should be used in preference to the old. The most serious error in the older
version was that was incorrect, being sometimes far too large,
for Reiz and Franco entries; the correct values are all zero for that
reference.
We present an agglomeration of stellar polarization catalogs with results for
9286 stars. We have endeavored to eliminate errors, provide accurate
(arcsecond) positions, sensibly weight multiple observations of the same star,
and provide reasonable distances. This catalog is included as an ASCII file
(catalog.txt) in the source of this submission.Comment: The most serious error in the older version was that
was incorrect, being sometimes far too large, for Reiz and Franco entries;
the correct values are all zero for that reference. 11 pages, no figures.
Accepted for Astronomical Journal. Catalog also available as an ASCII file by
anonymous FTP from ftp://vermi.berkeley.edu/pub/polcat/p14.ou
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