Infrared: A Key Technology for Security Systems

Infrared science and technology has been, since the first applications, mainly dedicated to security and surveillance especially in military field, besides specialized techniques in thermal imaging for medical diagnostic and building structures and recently in energy savings and aerospace context. Till recently the security applications were mainly based on thermal imaging as surveillance and warning military systems. In all these applications the advent of room temperature, more reliable due to the coolers avoidance, low cost, and, overall, completely integrable with Silicon technology FPAs, especially designed and tailored for specific applications, smart sensors, has really been impacted with revolutionary and new ideas and system concepts in all the infrared fields, especially for security applications. Lastly, the advent of reliable Infrared Solid State Laser Sources, operating up to the Long Infrared Wavelength Band and the new emerging techniques in Far Infrared Submillimeter Terahertz Bands, has opened wide and new areas for developing new, advanced security systems. A review of all the items with evidence of the weak and the strong points of each item, especially considering possible future developments, will be reported and discussed

Cyber-Human Systems, Space Technologies, and Threats

CYBER-HUMAN SYSTEMS, SPACE TECHNOLOGIES, AND THREATS is our eighth textbook in a series covering the world of UASs / CUAS/ UUVs / SPACE. Other textbooks in our series are Space Systems Emerging Technologies and Operations; Drone Delivery of CBNRECy – DEW Weapons: Emerging Threats of Mini-Weapons of Mass Destruction and Disruption (WMDD); Disruptive Technologies with applications in Airline, Marine, Defense Industries; Unmanned Vehicle Systems & Operations On Air, Sea, Land; Counter Unmanned Aircraft Systems Technologies and Operations; Unmanned Aircraft Systems in the Cyber Domain: Protecting USA’s Advanced Air Assets, 2nd edition; and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in the Cyber Domain Protecting USA’s Advanced Air Assets, 1st edition. Our previous seven titles have received considerable global recognition in the field. (Nichols & Carter, 2022) (Nichols, et al., 2021) (Nichols R. K., et al., 2020) (Nichols R. , et al., 2020) (Nichols R. , et al., 2019) (Nichols R. K., 2018) (Nichols R. K., et al., 2022)https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks/1052/thumbnail.jp

Indonesian Defense Industry Policy in Changes

Indonesia is the country with the strongest military strength in Southeast Asia. A country's military strength is determined by six things, namely military institutions, military policies, military resources, military weapons, national defense industry, and military title capabilities. This paper focuses on defense industry policy. This research uses multi-method research by prioritizing a qualitative approach. The results show that the liberation of business in the defense industry sector is in accordance with business regulation as a strategic industry. Then, the industry is controlled by the state whose control does not mean ownership of the Indonesian defense industry. However, this industry still has weaknesses including the vision of the Indonesian defense industry which is limited to supplying the domestic market, not easy to get capital, insufficient support to enter international markets, constraints in the mastery of technology, and limited human resources

Environmental and Statistical Performance Mapping Model for Underwater Acoustic Detection Systems

This manuscript describes a methodology to combine environmental models, acoustic signal predictions, statistical detection models and operations research to form a framework for calculating and communicating performance. This methodology has been applied to undersea target detection systems and has come to be known as Performance Surface modeling. The term Performance Surface refers to a geo-spatial representation of the predicted performance of one or more sensors constrained by all-source forecasts for a geophysical area of operations. Recent improvements in ocean, atmospheric and underwater acoustic models, along with advances in parallel computing provide an opportunity to forecast the effects of a complex and dynamic acoustic environment on undersea target detection system performance. This manuscript describes a new process that calculates performance in a straight-forward sonar-equation manner utilizing spatially complex and temporally dynamic environmental models. This performance model is constructed by joining environmental acoustic signal predictions with a detection model to form a probabilistic prediction which is then combined with probabilities of target location to produce conditional, joint and marginal probabilities. These joint and marginal probabilities become the scalar estimates of system performance. This manuscript contains two invited articles recently accepted for publication. The first article describes the Performance Surface model development with sections on current applications and future extensions to a more stochastic model. The second article is written from the operational perspective of a Naval commanding officer with co-authors from the active force. Performance Surface tools have been demonstrated at the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) and the Naval Oceanographic Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) Center (NOAC) in support of recent naval exercises. The model also has recently been a major representation for the performance layer of the Naval Meteorological and Oceanographic Command (NAVMETOCCOM) in its Battlespace on Demand strategy for supporting the Fleet with oceanographic products

Environmental and Statistical Performance Mapping Model for Underwater Acoustic Detection Systems

This manuscript describes a methodology to combine environmental models, acoustic signal predictions, statistical detection models and operations research to form a framework for calculating and communicating performance. This methodology has been applied to undersea target detection systems and has come to be known as Performance Surface modeling. The term Performance Surface refers to a geo-spatial representation of the predicted performance of one or more sensors constrained by all-source forecasts for a geophysical area of operations. Recent improvements in ocean, atmospheric and underwater acoustic models, along with advances in parallel computing provide an opportunity to forecast the effects of a complex and dynamic acoustic environment on undersea target detection system performance. This manuscript describes a new process that calculates performance in a straight-forward sonar-equation manner utilizing spatially complex and temporally dynamic environmental models. This performance model is constructed by joining environmental acoustic signal predictions with a detection model to form a probabilistic prediction which is then combined with probabilities of target location to produce conditional, joint and marginal probabilities. These joint and marginal probabilities become the scalar estimates of system performance. This manuscript contains two invited articles recently accepted for publication. The first article describes the Performance Surface model development with sections on current applications and future extensions to a more stochastic model. The second article is written from the operational perspective of a Naval commanding officer with co-authors from the active force. Performance Surface tools have been demonstrated at the Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) and the Naval Oceanographic Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) Center (NOAC) in support of recent naval exercises. The model also has recently been a major representation for the performance layer of the Naval Meteorological and Oceanographic Command (NAVMETOCCOM) in its Battlespace on Demand strategy for supporting the Fleet with oceanographic products

Stealthy River Navigation in Jungle Combat Conditions

One of the biggest challenges for Brazilian military logisticians is to support effective jungle warfare for both real and training operations carried out by their combat forces in the Amazonian region. The jungle\u27s heat, humidity, and dense vegetation put significant demands on the supply chain. Further, because of the difficulties of land or air transportation, water transport is the most reasonable transportation option to sustain these deployed forces. Planners must select from among the available watercourses those whose surroundings provide stealthy navigation to the combat force location where the requested supplies can be safely unloaded. We seek a method of determining a path through a river network that blends short transit times with maximal shade coverage from forest growth along the riverbanks. We combine an astronomical algorithm for computing shadow coverage with Dijkstra\u27s shortest path algorithm to determine the start time and routing information necessary for a supply boat to travel from a depot to a resupply point that minimizes weighted risk, which is defined as the product of shade coverage and arc transit time

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Military Defence and Security

The twenty-first century is now being shaped by a multipolar system characterized by techno-nationalism and a post-Bretton Woods order. In the face of a rapidly evolving digital era, international cooperation will be critical to ensuring peace and security. Information sharing, expert conferences and multilateral dialogue can help the world's nation-states and their militaries develop a better understanding of one another's capabilities and intentions. As a global middle power, Canada could be a major partner in driving this effort. This paper explores the development of military-specific capabilities in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. Building on Canadian defence policy, the paper outlines the military applications of AI and the resources needed to manage next-generation military operations, including multilateral engagement and technology governance

Measures of effectiveness in logistics

This report examines measures of effectiveness in naval logistics. Logistics is a warfare support function and it is most desirable to be able to relate resources committed for logistics capabilities to warfare outcomes. In general this cannot be done. Examples of the sorts of measures of effectiveness used in acquisition logistics and in in-service support are given. Battle group logistics, a part of operational logistics, is examined not so much from the viewpoint of measures of effectiveness as from the viewpoint of tactically meaningful measures of logistics resources. Keywords: Sustainability, Planning models, Replenishment time, Time off station, Minimum levels. (KR)Prepared in conjunction with research conducted for the Navy Logistics Research and Development Program and funded by the Naval Postgraduate Schoolhttp://archive.org/details/measuresofeffect00schrO&MN - Direct FundingApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited