Handoff effect on PRMA (Packet Reservation Multiple Access) in micro-cellular system

PRMA(Packet Reservation Multiple Access) has been proposed for third generation wireless information network by Goodman et al. [5] [4]. Due to small micro cell radius mobile initiated handoff has been proposed to disperse the burden of BS(Base Station) [14]. Even though these frequent handoffs will not burden on BS, increased contends due to handoff will affect the over all performance of PRMA. In this paper, we analyze the handoff effect on PRMA performance under micro-cellular system. Steady state speech terminal model with handoff is proposed.. Stabilities are derived based on proposed steady state terminal model[F(cs)=M] and also increased contend [F(ch)=M] due to handoff. The multiple EPA(equilibrium) points change with handoff. Packet dropping probability and data packet delay are calculated using both Markov Analysis and backlog b from F(cs)=M and F(ch)=M. The changes of performance under handoff show the need of handoff schemes at PRMA

EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS AND CONTROL FOR DESIGN OF PACKET RESERVATION MULTIPLE ACCESS PROTOCOLS

The Packet Reservation Multiple Access (PRMA) protocol and its variants have been considered as possible access schemes for communication media for indoor communications, terrestrial communications and satellite communications. Most recently, PRMA (and its variants) has been considered for applications such as beyond third generation and/or fourth generation communication systems, cooperative communication, and multimedia communication in dynamic environments. In this dissertation, equilibrium behavior of general voice and/or data systems employing PRMA are studied along with means for control of this behavior. The main objective is to determine conditions guaranteeing a unique equilibrium for these systems, as multistability can result in an unacceptable user experience. Systems considered include voice systems, voice and data systems, and voice systems with high propagation delay (these are studied both for an error-free channel and a random error channel). Also, various control schemes are introduced and their effect on these system is analyzed at equilibrium. Control schemes considered include a price based control, state estimation-based control, and control using multiple transmission power and capture. For each type of control, the effect of the control on the equilibrium structure of the system is studied, in the spirit of the methodology of bifurcation control. In bifurcation control, the number and nature of steady state solutions of a system are managed by appropriate design of system control laws. Several sufficient conditions for uniqueness of operating points of the PRMA systems under the studied control schemes is determined. Numerical analysis of the equilibrium equations of the systems is provided to support the analytical studies. The equilibrium behavior of voice systems and voice-data systems employing frame-based PRMA is also studied. Effects of price based control on these systems is analyzed. Further, the price based control studied in conjunction with the PRMA systems is extended to a finite buffer finite user slotted ALOHA system, and the equilibrium behavior of the system is studied using a tagged user approach. Among the contributions of the dissertation are analytical sufficient conditions guaranteeing a unique equilibrium point for the various classes of systems studied, control law designs that result in improved system capacity, and extensive numerical studies including comparisons with two previously proposed approaches. Analysis is also given proving the Markovian nature of the system's stochastic dynamics (under some basic assumptions) and the existence of a unique stationary probability law

Protocols for voice/data integration in a CDMA packet radio network.

Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1999.Wireless cellular communications is witnessing a rapid growth in, and demand for, improved technology and range of information types and services. Future third generation cellular networks are expected to provide mobile users with ubiquitous wireless access to a global backbone architecture that carries a wide variety of electronic services. This thesis examines the topic of multiple access protocols and models suitable for modem third-generation wireless networks. The major part of this thesis is based on a proposed Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) data packet radio network, as CDMA technology is proving to be a promising and attractive approach for spectrally efficient, economical and high quality digital communications wireless networks. The proposed MAC policy considers a novel dual CDMA threshold model based on the Multiple Access Interference (MAl) capacity of the system. This protocol is then extended to accommodate a mixed voice/data traffic network in which variable length data messages share a common CDMA channel with voice users, and where the voice activity factor of human speech is exploited to improve the data network performance. For the protocol evaluation, the expected voice call blocking probability, expected data throughput and expected data message delay are considered, for both a perfect channel and a correlated Rayleigh fading channel. In particular, it is shown that a significant performance enhancement can be made over existing admission policies through the implementation of a novel, dynamic, load-dependent blocking threshold in conjunction with a fixed CDMA multiple access threshold that is based on the maximum acceptable level of MAl

Low-complexity medium access control protocols for QoS support in third-generation radio access networks

One approach to maximizing the efficiency of medium access control (MAC) on the uplink in a future wideband code-division multiple-access (WCDMA)-based third-generation radio access network, and hence maximize spectral efficiency, is to employ a low-complexity distributed scheduling control approach. The maximization of spectral efficiency in third-generation radio access networks is complicated by the need to provide bandwidth-on-demand to diverse services characterized by diverse quality of service (QoS) requirements in an interference limited environment. However, the ability to exploit the full potential of resource allocation algorithms in third-generation radio access networks has been limited by the absence of a metric that captures the two-dimensional radio resource requirement, in terms of power and bandwidth, in the third-generation radio access network environment, where different users may have different signal-to-interference ratio requirements. This paper presents a novel resource metric as a solution to this fundamental problem. Also, a novel deadline-driven backoff procedure has been presented as the backoff scheme of the proposed distributed scheduling MAC protocols to enable the efficient support of services with QoS imposed delay constraints without the need for centralized scheduling. The main conclusion is that low-complexity distributed scheduling control strategies using overload avoidance/overload detection can be designed using the proposed resource metric to give near optimal performance and thus maintain a high spectral efficiency in third-generation radio access networks and that importantly overload detection is superior to overload avoidance