Survey on counting special types of polynomials

Most integers are composite and most univariate polynomials over a finite field are reducible. The Prime Number Theorem and a classical result of Gau{\ss} count the remaining ones, approximately and exactly. For polynomials in two or more variables, the situation changes dramatically. Most multivariate polynomials are irreducible. This survey presents counting results for some special classes of multivariate polynomials over a finite field, namely the the reducible ones, the s-powerful ones (divisible by the s-th power of a nonconstant polynomial), the relatively irreducible ones (irreducible but reducible over an extension field), the decomposable ones, and also for reducible space curves. These come as exact formulas and as approximations with relative errors that essentially decrease exponentially in the input size. Furthermore, a univariate polynomial f is decomposable if f = g o h for some nonlinear polynomials g and h. It is intuitively clear that the decomposable polynomials form a small minority among all polynomials. The tame case, where the characteristic p of Fq does not divide n = deg f, is fairly well-understood, and we obtain closely matching upper and lower bounds on the number of decomposable polynomials. In the wild case, where p does divide n, the bounds are less satisfactory, in particular when p is the smallest prime divisor of n and divides n exactly twice. The crux of the matter is to count the number of collisions, where essentially different (g, h) yield the same f. We present a classification of all collisions at degree n = p^2 which yields an exact count of those decomposable polynomials.Comment: to appear in Jaime Gutierrez, Josef Schicho & Martin Weimann (editors), Computer Algebra and Polynomials, Lecture Notes in Computer Scienc

Matrix-F5 algorithms over finite-precision complete discrete valuation fields

Let $(f\_1,\dots, f\_s) \in \mathbb{Q}\_p [X\_1,\dots, X\_n]^s$ be a sequence of homogeneous polynomials with $p$-adic coefficients. Such system may happen, for example, in arithmetic geometry. Yet, since $\mathbb{Q}\_p$ is not an effective field, classical algorithm does not apply.We provide a definition for an approximate Gr{\"o}bner basis with respect to a monomial order $w.$ We design a strategy to compute such a basis, when precision is enough and under the assumption that the input sequence is regular and the ideals $\langle f\_1,\dots,f\_i \rangle$ are weakly-$w$-ideals. The conjecture of Moreno-Socias states that for the grevlex ordering, such sequences are generic.Two variants of that strategy are available, depending on whether one lean more on precision or time-complexity. For the analysis of these algorithms, we study the loss of precision of the Gauss row-echelon algorithm, and apply it to an adapted Matrix-F5 algorithm. Numerical examples are provided.Moreover, the fact that under such hypotheses, Gr{\"o}bner bases can be computed stably has many applications. Firstly, the mapping sending $(f\_1,\dots,f\_s)$ to the reduced Gr{\"o}bner basis of the ideal they span is differentiable, and its differential can be given explicitly. Secondly, these hypotheses allows to perform lifting on the Grobner bases, from $\mathbb{Z}/p^k \mathbb{Z}$ to $\mathbb{Z}/p^{k+k'} \mathbb{Z}$ or $\mathbb{Z}.$ Finally, asking for the same hypotheses on the highest-degree homogeneous components of the entry polynomials allows to extend our strategy to the affine case

Elements of Design for Containers and Solutions in the LinBox Library

We describe in this paper new design techniques used in the \cpp exact linear algebra library \linbox, intended to make the library safer and easier to use, while keeping it generic and efficient. First, we review the new simplified structure for containers, based on our \emph{founding scope allocation} model. We explain design choices and their impact on coding: unification of our matrix classes, clearer model for matrices and submatrices, \etc Then we present a variation of the \emph{strategy} design pattern that is comprised of a controller--plugin system: the controller (solution) chooses among plug-ins (algorithms) that always call back the controllers for subtasks. We give examples using the solution \mul. Finally we present a benchmark architecture that serves two purposes: Providing the user with easier ways to produce graphs; Creating a framework for automatically tuning the library and supporting regression testing.Comment: 8 pages, 4th International Congress on Mathematical Software, Seoul : Korea, Republic Of (2014

A survey on signature-based Gr\"obner basis computations

This paper is a survey on the area of signature-based Gr\"obner basis algorithms that was initiated by Faug\`ere's F5 algorithm in 2002. We explain the general ideas behind the usage of signatures. We show how to classify the various known variants by 3 different orderings. For this we give translations between different notations and show that besides notations many approaches are just the same. Moreover, we give a general description of how the idea of signatures is quite natural when performing the reduction process using linear algebra. This survey shall help to outline this field of active research.Comment: 53 pages, 8 figures, 11 table