12,808 research outputs found
Past, Present, and Future of Simultaneous Localization And Mapping: Towards the Robust-Perception Age
Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM)consists in the concurrent
construction of a model of the environment (the map), and the estimation of the
state of the robot moving within it. The SLAM community has made astonishing
progress over the last 30 years, enabling large-scale real-world applications,
and witnessing a steady transition of this technology to industry. We survey
the current state of SLAM. We start by presenting what is now the de-facto
standard formulation for SLAM. We then review related work, covering a broad
set of topics including robustness and scalability in long-term mapping, metric
and semantic representations for mapping, theoretical performance guarantees,
active SLAM and exploration, and other new frontiers. This paper simultaneously
serves as a position paper and tutorial to those who are users of SLAM. By
looking at the published research with a critical eye, we delineate open
challenges and new research issues, that still deserve careful scientific
investigation. The paper also contains the authors' take on two questions that
often animate discussions during robotics conferences: Do robots need SLAM? and
Is SLAM solved
Hybrid Scene Compression for Visual Localization
Localizing an image wrt. a 3D scene model represents a core task for many
computer vision applications. An increasing number of real-world applications
of visual localization on mobile devices, e.g., Augmented Reality or autonomous
robots such as drones or self-driving cars, demand localization approaches to
minimize storage and bandwidth requirements. Compressing the 3D models used for
localization thus becomes a practical necessity. In this work, we introduce a
new hybrid compression algorithm that uses a given memory limit in a more
effective way. Rather than treating all 3D points equally, it represents a
small set of points with full appearance information and an additional, larger
set of points with compressed information. This enables our approach to obtain
a more complete scene representation without increasing the memory
requirements, leading to a superior performance compared to previous
compression schemes. As part of our contribution, we show how to handle
ambiguous matches arising from point compression during RANSAC. Besides
outperforming previous compression techniques in terms of pose accuracy under
the same memory constraints, our compression scheme itself is also more
efficient. Furthermore, the localization rates and accuracy obtained with our
approach are comparable to state-of-the-art feature-based methods, while using
a small fraction of the memory.Comment: Published at CVPR 201
Deconstructing the glass transition through critical experiments on colloids
The glass transition is the most enduring grand-challenge problem in
contemporary condensed matter physics. Here, we review the contribution of
colloid experiments to our understanding of this problem. First, we briefly
outline the success of colloidal systems in yielding microscopic insights into
a wide range of condensed matter phenomena. In the context of the glass
transition, we demonstrate their utility in revealing the nature of spatial and
temporal dynamical heterogeneity. We then discuss the evidence from colloid
experiments in favor of various theories of glass formation that has
accumulated over the last two decades. In the next section, we expound on the
recent paradigm shift in colloid experiments from an exploratory approach to a
critical one aimed at distinguishing between predictions of competing
frameworks. We demonstrate how this critical approach is aided by the discovery
of novel dynamical crossovers within the range accessible to colloid
experiments. We also highlight the impact of alternate routes to glass
formation such as random pinning, trajectory space phase transitions and
replica coupling on current and future research on the glass transition. We
conclude our review by listing some key open challenges in glass physics such
as the comparison of growing static lengthscales and the preparation of
ultrastable glasses, that can be addressed using colloid experiments.Comment: 137 pages, 45 figure
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