ADR and Litigation Involving Social Problems

This Article addresses remarks of the Corporation Counsel of the City of New York, Michael Cardozo, regarding the use of ADR in legal disputes involving municipal government. It also highlights the special responsibilities of class counsel in the ADR context in class action litigation on behalf of vulnerable families and individuals. Specifically, the Article addresses ADR resolutions in Sheppard v. Phoenix, No. 91 Civ. 4148(RPP), 1998 WL 397846 (S.D.N.Y. July 16, 1998), Marisol v. Giuliani, 185 F.R.D. 152 (S.D.N.Y. 1992), and McCain v. Dinkins, 84 N.Y.2d 216 (1994). The Article concludes with a discussion of ADR in the context of litigation on behalf of homeless New Yorkers. ADR can simultaneously prevent harm to vulnerable populations and keep parties out of court when the government falls out of compliance with legal rights and protections. ADR should not be used to wipe away fundamental legal rights protecting homeless families

The social problems of modern society

Одной из важнейших проблем современного общества, является влияние социальных сетей, интегрированных в жизнь людей, на их мысли, поступки, здоровье. Перечисляются, как положительные, так 232 и отрицательные стороны этого процесса. Выражается надежда на решение перечисленных проблем

Proper Welfare Weights for Social Optimization Problems

Social optimization problems are often used in economics to study important issues. In a social optimization problem, the sum of individual weighted utilities is maximized over all feasible allocations that satisfy certain constraints. In this paper, we provide a mechanism that determines the set of proper individual weights to be applied to social optimization problems. To do this, we first define for every set of individual weights and for every social welfare function the contribution of every individual to the total welfare through the individual’s initial endowments. We then provide an axiomatic approach to the notion of the per unit contribution of every good and every individual. We then define a set of individual weights to be proper iff the weighted utilities of every individual from this allocation are proportional to the contribution of the individual to the total welfare as defined by this set of weights. It is shown that every contribution mechanism that satisfies these four axioms is uniquely determined by a non negative measure on the unit interval. The selection of a specific contribution mechanism (or equivalently the selection of a specific nonnegative measure on the unit interval) determines for a given economy and a given set of weights a proper constrained efficient allocation and a proper set of weights. Finally, we provide several numerical examples that illustrate our methodology. When households are not ex ante identical, the examples suggest that using the proper weights can substantially affect the allocations.Welfare weights, Heterogeneous Households

Problem gambling: a suitable case for social work?

Problem gambling attracts little attention from health and social care agencies in the UK. Prevalence surveys suggest that 0.6% of the population are problem gamblers and it is suggested that for each of these individuals, 10–17 other people, including children and other family members, are affected. Problem gambling is linked to many individual and social problems including: depression, suicide, significant debt, bankruptcy, family conflict, domestic violence, neglect and maltreatment of children and offending. This makes the issue central to social work territory. Yet, the training of social workers in the UK has consistently neglected issues of addictive behaviour. Whilst some attention has been paid in recent years to substance abuse issues, there has remained a silence in relation to gambling problems. Social workers provide more help for problems relating to addictions than other helping professions. There is good evidence that treatment, and early intervention for gambling problems, including psycho-social and public health approaches, can be very effective. This paper argues that problem gambling should be moved onto the radar of the social work profession, via inclusion on qualifying and post-qualifying training programmes and via research and dissemination of good practice via institutions such as the Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE). Keywords: problem gambling; addictive behaviour; socia

AN ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIAL PROBLEMS ON THE CRANBERRIES SONG LYRICS

Song’s lyrics have similar form with poem. In some currant usage, lyrics still retain to sense of poem to set music. By music, people get some lesson as far as they understand and are able to catch the content or idea of the song. Song has its own characteristic and content that makes it different one and another. One of the song’s contents could be social problem. In this case, the writer took the Cranberries song, as the subject of analysis, which discusses more about the social problem. This study covers the problems of study: (1) What are social problems found in the Cranberries song’s lyrics? and (2) What is the most dominant of social problem in the song?. This research used descriptive design because the study to obtained information concerning the social problems in the Cranberries song. The approach used in this study was expressive approach for the writer of the thesis only concerned with the author in expressing the idea into his work. The population of research is lyrics of the Cranberries song in the album of Animal Instinct 1996, in which this album consisted of 15 songs. The writer took 6 songs from the album as sample using purposive random sampling. The study showed that the social problems revealed in the six songs as follows: Firstly, ‘Woman Without Pride’ song involves sex role and family problems. Secondly, ‘Ode to My Family’ has family problem. Thirdly, ‘Bosnia’ has warfare and international conflicts, ethnic minorities and violence. Fourthly, ‘Zombie’ reveals warfare and international conflicts, and violence. Fifthly, ‘Salvation’ consists of drug abuse problems. Finally, ‘Fee fi fo’ song reveals problems of sexual behavior and violence. Based on the result above, it can be concluded that the most dominant social problem is violence