Biological bar-code for the determination of geographical origin of fruits by using 28S rDNA fingerprinting of fungal communities by PCR-DGGE: An application to Shea tree fruits

Introduction: International trade intensifies and extends to the entire planet. The foodstuffs are often consumed far from their zone of production. The consumer is more and more demanding and sensitive to the quality and the origin of the foodstuffs. For long time the food industry has used simple traceability systems (El Sheikha et al., 2009) In view of the difficulties of installing these documentary systems in developing country, in particular the countries of sub-Saharan Africa, the new strategies of traceability emerge. Among the new tools of tracing the products of vegetable origin, a "biological code bar" based on the analysis of the DNA of micro-organisms present on the fruits is an interesting tool. Regarding Shea tree fruits, only seven countries have statistics. Nigeria accounts for more than 60% of the production of Shea butter in 2005. It is followed by Mali, Ghana and Burkina Faso, which together account for just under a third of world production in 2005 (FAOSTAT, 2007). In Europe, Shea butter is used mainly (95%) by the chocolate industry. The quantities exported to Japan, the United States or Switzerland would be mainly used for cosmetic or pharmacological (UNCTAD, 2001). Purpose: A molecular technique employing 28S rDNA profiles generated by PCR-DGGE was used to detect the variation in fungal community structures of Shea tree fruit (Vitellaria paradoxa) from Ghana, Senegal, Mali and Cameroon. Results: When the 28S rDNA profiles were analyzed by multivariate analysis, distinct microbial communities were detected. The band profiles of Shea tree fruit fungi from different countries were specific for each location and could be used as a bar code to discriminate the origin of the fruits. Significance of study: This method is a new traceability tool which provides fruit products with a unique biological bar code and makes it possible to trace back the fruits to their original location. (Résumé d'auteur

Medical Literary Messenger (Vol. 5, No. 1, Fall/Winter 2017)

Home Visit / Melissa Fournier -- Stiffness / Hannah Shea -- Exile / Lane Falcon -- Good Intentions / Laura Foley -- Resurrection / Les Cohen -- Visits / Craig W. Steele -- That Last Night / Laura Foley -- Taste / Dan Campion -- Bumblebees Don’t Always Sting / Diane M. Parker -- Mental Status Exam / Melissa Fournier -- Dystrophia I / Ashley Purdy -- Muck Out / Mitchell Krockmalnik Grabois -- Endoscope / Lane Falcon -- Leftovers / Erynn Porter -- Another Autumn / Deborah Fleming -- Autism / Laura Foley -- Nearly Sunset / Craig W. Steele -- Palms / Mitchell Krockmalnic Grabois -- concentric / Michele Riedel -- Hashimoto’s / Hannah Shea -- Uncharted Territory / Katacha Díaz -- Skeletal Survey / Melissa Fournier -- Humanism in Medicine: Reflections from Diastole / Helen Lin -- Late Voyage / Laura Foley -- Sponge Bath / Dan Campion

New Associate Provost to Lead Student Academic Success, Teaching & Learning Centers

With expertise in teaching, scholarship, experiential education and more, Robert E. Shea, Ph.D., will oversee a range of faculty development and student support efforts

Diversity of fruit origin by using 26S rDNA fingerprinting of yeast communities by PCR-DGGE: An application to Shea tree fruits

The economic importance of Shea tree fruits has been rising and achieving a great success in African, American, European markets. In Europe, Shea butter is used mainly (95%) by the chocolate industry. The quantities exported to Japan, the United States or Switzerland would be mainly used for cosmetic or pharmacological (FAOSTAT, 2007). The traceability of fruits is only documentary. In case of doubt or fraud, no standardized analysis makes it possible to trace back the origin of the fruit. The aim of this study is to use a new tool of tracing the products (PCR-DGGE) as a molecular technique to analyse in a unique step all the yeasts present on the fruit to create the linkage between yeast communities and the geographical origin.(Résumé d'auteur

Predicting the arrival times of solar particles

A procedure has been developed to generate a computerized time-intensity profile of the solar proton intensity expected at the earth after the occurrence of a significant solar flare on the sun. This procedure is a combination of many pieces of independent research and theoretical results. Many of the concepts used were first reported by Smart and Shea (1979) and are summarized by Smart and Shea (1985). Extracts from the general procedure that relate to predicting the expected onset time and time of maximum at the earth after the occurrence of a solar flare are presented

Using Feature Models for Distributed Deployment in Extended Smart Home Architecture

Nowadays, smart home is extended beyond the house itself to encompass connected platforms on the Cloud as well as mobile personal devices. This Smart Home Extended Architecture (SHEA) helps customers to remain in touch with their home everywhere and any time. The endless increase of connected devices in the home and outside within the SHEA multiplies the deployment possibilities for any application. Therefore, SHEA should be taken from now as the actual target platform for smart home application deployment. Every home is different and applications offer different services according to customer preferences. To manage this variability, we extend the feature modeling from software product line domain with deployment constraints and we present an example of a model that could address this deployment challenge

Close Rematches For NH Congressional Seats 10/24/2012

The races for both of New Hampshire’s congressional seats remain very close as Democrats Carol Shea-Porter and Anne McLane Kuster attempt to unseat their 2010 opponents, Republicans Frank Guinta and Charlie Bass. Election: 201

Bass Slips in NH 2nd District, Bradley Strong in 1st 9/27/2006

Republican incumbent Jeb Bradley holds a solid lead over newcomer Carol Shea-Porter in the race for New Hampshire’s 1st Congressional District. Charlie Bass is facing a tougher fight with his Democratic challenger Paul Hodes in the 2nd Congressional District

Determination of biochemical composition of shea Vitellaria paradoxa nut using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and gas chromatography

The shea tree Vitellaria paradoxa L. is the most prevalent tree crops in northern Ghana with the shea butter fat as the most important product from the tree. Difference in the shea butter fat quality is mainly attributed to bioclimatic variations in temperature and rainfall. The purpose of this study was to apply near infrared, wet chemistry and gas chromatography to characterize the fat and free fatty acid profiles of shea butter fat from three locations (Paga, Nyankpala and Kawampe) in Ghana. The shea nuts from the tree locations in Ghana conformed to the West Africa shea nuts on the global data base on shea nuts compiled at CIRAD. Samples from Paga recorded the highest moisture content ranging between 5.63 % and 12.04 % (dry matter) with a mean content of 6.83 % and a standard deviation of 1.30 % whilst from Kawampe recorded the lowest moisture content with a mean of 5.23 %. Samples from Kawampe recorded the highest fat content ranging from 47.07 % to 57.39 % (dry matter) with a mean content of 52.69 % and a standard deviation of 2.55 % with samples from Paga recording the lowest fat content with a mean of 48.84 %. Stearic acid content of the samples was higher than oleic acid content from the three locations with virtually the same ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Correlation between wet chemistry values and near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) predicted values for moisture content (calibration set) with regression of 0.974 indicating the ability of NIRS to differentiate between nuts from different regions. The nature of the dried shea nuts before processing affected the quality of the shea butter fat as moulded samples recorded higher free fatty acids reducing the quality of the shea butter fat. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) analyses indicated that the samples from the three locations in Ghana were mostly saturated with stearic and oleic acids and less of palmitic, vaccenic, linoleic and arachidic acids in the fatty acid profiles of shea butter fats. (Résumé d'auteur

NH Congressional Races Remain Close 10/03/2012

Democrats Carol Shea-Porter and Ann McLane Kuster have pulled ahead of incumbent Republicans Frank Guinta and Charlie Bass in races for New Hampshire’s two Congressional seats but both races are within the poll’s margin of sampling error. Election: 201