Securing Video Integrity Using Decentralized Trusted Timestamping on the Bitcoin Blockchain

The ability to verify the integrity of video files is important for consumer and business applications alike. Especially if video files are to be used as evidence in court, the ability to prove that a file existed in a certain state at a specific time and was not altered since is crucial. This paper proposes the use of blockchain technology to secure and verify the integrity of video files. To demonstrate a specific use case for this concept, we present an application that converts a video camera enabled smartphone into a cost-effective tamperproof dashboard camera (dash cam). If the phone’s built-in sensors detect a collision, the application automatically creates a hash of the relevant video recording. This video file’s hash is immediately transmitted to the OriginStamp service, which includes the hash in a transaction made to the Bitcoin network. Once the Bitcoin network confirms the transaction, the video file’s hash is permanently secured in the tamperproof decentralized public ledger that is the blockchain. Any subsequent attempt to manipulate the video is futile, because the hash of the manipulated footage will not match the hash that was secured in the blockchain. Using this approach, the integrity of video evidence cannot be contested. The footage of dashboard cameras could become a valid form of evidence in court. In the future, the approach could be extended to automatically secure the integrity of digitally recorded data in other scenarios, including: surveillance systems, drone footage, body cameras of law enforcement, log data from industrial machines, measurements recorded by lab equipment, and the activities of weapon systems. We have made the source code of the demonstrated application available under an MIT License and encourage anyone to contribute: www.gipp.com/dt

Cryptocurrency based on Blockchain Technology

The state of Palestine does not own national currency so Palestine loses a lot of money yearly due to the use of foreign currencies and the Paris Protocol agreement prevents Palestinian own currency For that the crypto-currencies based on block-chain instead of physical currency will help the state of Palestine to avoid the obstacles that prevent to own currency In this paper we will study the cryptocurrency based on Blockchain technology that uses peer-to-peer P2P and timestamp server In additional exploring the main components of bitcoin currency as an exampl

A Cost-efficient IoT Forensics Framework with Blockchain

IoT devices have been adopted widely in the last decade which enabled collection of various data from different environments. The collected data is crucial in certain applications where IoT devices generate data for critical infrastructure or systems whose failure may result in catastrophic results. Specifically, for such critical applications, data storage poses challenges since the data may be compromised during the storage and the integrity might be violated without being noticed. In such cases, integrity and data provenance are required in order to be able to detect the source of any incident and prove it in legal cases if there is a dispute with the involved parties. To address these issues, blockchain provides excellent opportunities since it can protect the integrity of the data thanks to its distributed structure. However, it comes with certain costs as storing huge amount of data in a public blockchain will come with significant transaction fees. In this paper, we propose a highly cost effective and reliable digital forensics framework by exploiting multiple inexpensive blockchain networks as a temporary storage before the data is committed to Ethereum. To reduce Ethereum costs,we utilize Merkle trees which hierarchically stores hashes of the collected event data from IoT devices. We evaluated the approach on popular blockchains such as EOS, Stellar, and Ethereum by presenting a cost and security analysis. The results indicate that we can achieve significant cost savings without compromising the integrity of the data

Security and blockchain convergence with internet of multimedia things : current trends, research challenges and future directions

The Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT) orchestration enables the integration of systems, software, cloud, and smart sensors into a single platform. The IoMT deals with scalar as well as multimedia data. In these networks, sensor-embedded devices and their data face numerous challenges when it comes to security. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the existing literature for IoMT is presented in the context of security and blockchain. The latest literature on all three aspects of security, i.e., authentication, privacy, and trust is provided to explore the challenges experienced by multimedia data. The convergence of blockchain and IoMT along with multimedia-enabled blockchain platforms are discussed for emerging applications. To highlight the significance of this survey, large-scale commercial projects focused on security and blockchain for multimedia applications are reviewed. The shortcomings of these projects are explored and suggestions for further improvement are provided. Based on the aforementioned discussion, we present our own case study for healthcare industry: a theoretical framework having security and blockchain as key enablers. The case study reflects the importance of security and blockchain in multimedia applications of healthcare sector. Finally, we discuss the convergence of emerging technologies with security, blockchain and IoMT to visualize the future of tomorrow's applications. © 2020 Elsevier Lt

Building a National IoT Plan: Policy Recommendations and the Case of Brazil

The Internet of Things (“IoT”) is an expression that refers to a whole set of new services and devices that includes at least three fundamental aspects: connectivity, use of sensors or actuators, and computational capacity for data processing and storage. The Internet of Things goes beyond connecting objects to each other; it also gives them the power to process data (thereby making them "smart"). For developing countries such as Brazil, the opportunities offered by the Internet of Things can compensate for shortcomings in infrastructure and services, and can improve innovation, quality of life, productivity, and even the economic complexity of our basket of export products. However, the way in which each country will seize this opportunity will depend on its specific aspirations and strategies. The broader economic, social, political, and legal context of the country should be considered, as well as the local development of information and communication technologies. For this reason, the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES), in partnership with the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communications (MCTIC), has commissioned this study, "Internet of Things: An Action Plan for Brazil." This study, mapped by a consortium comprised by McKinsey & Company, the CPqD Foundation, and Pereira Neto | Macedo Law Firm, outlines the local technological and economic challenges related to the topic, as well as well as how to address legal issues inherent to the development of IoT in Brazil