818,355 research outputs found
Renormalization-group running of the cosmological constant and the fate of the universe
For a generic quantum field theory we study the role played by the
renormalization-group (RG) running of the cosmological constant (CC) in
determining the ultimate fate of the universe. We consider the running of the
CC of generic origin (the vacuum energy of quantum fields and the potential
energy of classical fields), with the RG scale proportional to the (total
energy density as the most obvious identification. Starting from
the present-era values for cosmological parameters we demonstrate how the
running can easily provide a negative cosmological constant, thereby changing
the fate of the universe, at the same time rendering compatibility with
critical string theory. We also briefly discuss the recent past in our
scenario.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, revtex4; version to appear in PR
A new scheme for the running coupling constant in gauge theories using Wilson loops
We propose a new renormalization scheme of the running coupling constant in
general gauge theories using the Wilson loops. The renormalized coupling
constant is obtained from the Creutz ratio in lattice simulations and the
corresponding perturbative coefficient at the leading order. The latter can be
calculated by adopting the zeta-function resummation techniques. We perform a
benchmark test of our scheme in quenched QCD with the plaquette gauge action.
The running of the coupling constant is determined by applying the step-scaling
procedure. Using several methods to improve the statistical accuracy, we show
that the running coupling constant can be determined in a wide range of energy
scales with relatively small number of gauge configurations.Comment: 30pages, figs and comments added,reference added(v3
New Physics and the Landau Pole
In scalar field theories the Landau pole is an ultraviolet singularity in the
running coupling constant that indicates a mass scale at which the theory
breaks down and new physics must intervene. However, new physics at the pole
will in general affect the running of the low energy coupling constant, which
will in turn affect the location of the pole and the related upper limit
(``triviality'' bound) on the low energy coupling constant. If the new physics
is strongly coupled to the scalar fields these effects can be significant even
though they are power suppressed. We explore the possible range of such effects
by deriving the one loop renormalization group equations for an effective
scalar field theory with a dimension 6 operator representing the low energy
effects of the new physics. As an independent check we also consider a
renormalizable model of the high-scale physics constructed so that its low
energy limit coincides with the effective theory.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figure
Scalar Gravity and Higgs Mechanism
The role that the auxiliary scalar field played in Brans-Dicke
cosmology is discussed. If a constant vacuum energy is assumed to be the origin
of dark energy, then the corresponding density parameter would be a quantity
varying with ; and almost all of the fundamental components of our
universe can be unified into the dynamical equation for . As a
generalization of Brans-Dicke theory, we propose a new gravity theory with a
complex scalar field which is coupled to the cosmological curvature
scalar. Through such a coupling, the Higgs mechanism is naturally incorporated
into the evolution of the universe, and a running density of the field vacuum
energy is obtained which may release the particle standard model from the
rigorous cosmological constant problem in some sense. Our model predicts a
running mass scale of the fundamental particles in which the gauge symmetry
breaks spontaneously. The running speed of the mass scale in our case could
survive all existing experiments.Comment: 6 page
High Energy Quark-Antiquark Elastic scattering with Mesonic Exchange
We studies the high energy elastic scattering of quark anti-quark with an
exchange of a mesonic state in the channel with .
Both the normalization factor and the Regge trajectory can be calculated in
PQCD in cases of fixed (non-running) and running coupling constant. The
dependence of the Regge trajectory on the coupling constant is highly
non-linear and the trajectory is of order of in the interesting physical
range.Comment: 29 page
Asymptotic Freedom and Bound States in Hamiltonian Dynamics
We study a model of asymptotically free theories with bound states using the
similarity renormalization group for hamiltonians. We find that the
renormalized effective hamiltonians can be approximated in a large range of
widths by introducing similarity factors and the running coupling constant.
This approximation loses accuracy for the small widths on the order of the
bound state energy and it is improved by using the expansion in powers of the
running coupling constant. The coupling constant for small widths is order 1.
The small width effective hamiltonian is projected on a small subset of the
effective basis states. The resulting small matrix is diagonalized and the
exact bound state energy is obtained with accuracy of the order of 10% using
the first three terms in the expansion. We briefly describe options for
improving the accuracy.Comment: plain latex file, 15 pages, 6 latex figures 1 page each, 1 tabl
Running of the Spectral index in Deformed Matter Bounce Scenarios with Hubble-rate-dependent Dark Energy
As a deformed matter bounce scenario with a dark energy component we propose
a deformed one with running vacuum model (RVM) in which the dark energy density
is written as a power series of and with a constant equation of
state parameter same as the cosmological constant. Our results in analytical
and numerical point of views show that in some cases same as LCDM bounce
scenario, although the spectral index may achieve a good consistency with
observations, a positive value of running of spectral index is obtained which
is not compatible with inflationary paradigm where it predicts a small negative
value for . However, by extending the power series up to ,
, and estimating a set of consistent
parameters, we obtain the spectral index , a small negative value of
running and tensor to scalar ratio , which these reval a
degeneracy between deformed matter bounce scenario with RVM-DE and inflationary
cosmology.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figure
- âŠ