A Study of Image Fingerprinting by Using Visual Cryptography

As digital media has made our life more colourful because of its advantages like easier to access, copy and distribute. But as what we have seen, series of malice activities like copyright infringement, counterfeiting, piracy and information distortion make damages to both the producers and the users of digital products. So we really need some technology to protect the copyright, authenticity, integrity of the digital products and the intellectual property of the users. There are many techniques such as Digital watermarking and Visual Cryptography both have been widely used for protection of data either in text, video, sound or digital images form in modern network time. Digital watermarking is an evolving field that requires continuous effort to find for the best possible method in protecting multimedia content. But Visual Cryptography is a special encryption technique to hide information in images in such a way that it can be decrypted by the human vision if the correct key image is used. Both techniques addresses the growing concerns of theft and tampering of digital media through the use of advanced signal processing strategies to embed copyright and authentication information within media content in their respective manner. In this paper we have discussed image fingerprinting with the help of visual cryptography technique. Keywords: Authentication, Digital Media, Digital Watermarking, Fingerprinting, Image, Piracy, Visual Cryptograph

An Efficient Digital Image Watermarking Based on DCT and Advanced Image Data Embedding Method

Digital image enhancement and digital content or data image secure using DCT and advanced image data embedding method (AIDEM). AIDEM improved robustness based on particle shifting concept is reproduced secure image data and manipulated there’s a robust would like for a digital image copyright mechanism to be placed in secure image data. There’s a necessity for authentication of the content because of the owner. It’s become more accessible for malicious parties to create scalable copies of proprietary content with any compensation to the content owner. Advanced Watermarking is being viewed as a potential goal to the current downside. Astounding watermarking plans are arranged assaults on the watermarked picture are twisted and proposed to give insurance of proprietorship freedoms, information treating, and information uprightness. These methods guarantee unique information recuperation from watermarked information, while irreversible watermarking plans safeguard proprietorship freedoms. This attribute of reversible watermarking has arisen as an applicant answer for the assurance of proprietorship freedoms of information, unfortunate to alterations, for example, clinical information, genetic information, Visa, and financial balance information. These attacks are also intentional or unintentional. The attacks are classified as geometric attacks. This research presents a comprehensive and old method of these techniques that are developed and their effectiveness. Digital watermarking was developed to supply copyright protection and owners’ authentication. Digital image watermarking may be a methodology for embedding some information into digital image sequences, like text image, image data, during this research analysis on image watermarking and attacks on watermarking process time image data, classification of watermarking and applications. We aim to secure image data using advanced image data embedding method (AIDEM) improved robustness based particle shifting concept is reproduced secure image data. To develop compelling digital image watermarking methodology using mat lab tool and reliable and robust

Data Hiding with Deep Learning: A Survey Unifying Digital Watermarking and Steganography

Data hiding is the process of embedding information into a noise-tolerant signal such as a piece of audio, video, or image. Digital watermarking is a form of data hiding where identifying data is robustly embedded so that it can resist tampering and be used to identify the original owners of the media. Steganography, another form of data hiding, embeds data for the purpose of secure and secret communication. This survey summarises recent developments in deep learning techniques for data hiding for the purposes of watermarking and steganography, categorising them based on model architectures and noise injection methods. The objective functions, evaluation metrics, and datasets used for training these data hiding models are comprehensively summarised. Finally, we propose and discuss possible future directions for research into deep data hiding techniques

AUTHENTICATION OF DIGITAL DOCUMENTS USING SECRET KEY BIOMETRIC WATERMARKING

Abstract -Digital documents play a major role in modern era. They are easy to generate, modify and manage. The easy modifiable property of digital document makes it more vulnerable to forgery. It can be easily tampered or forged. So the challenge is to produce digital documents that are highly resistant to forgery and reliably confirms the real owner of the document. This can be resolved by biometric watermarking which make a direct relation between the document and its owner. A new biometric watermarking technique with secret key is proposed to digitize the authoritative documents issued by government / other organizations as a part of UID / Aadhar card project of India using biometric watermarking. Biometric code is generated from the biometric data collected from the owner of the document. The biometric code is watermarked in the document with a secret key to generate a biometric watermarked document that authenticates the real owner. Dewatermarking the document with the same key yields the biometric code that can be used for authentication of the document. If the document is tampered in any way it will be indicated in the extracted watermark. Experimental results show that 100% accuracy is obtained in authenticating the genuine documents

Robust Watermarking Schemes for Digital Images

With the rapid development of multimedia and the widespread distribution of digital data over the internet networks, it has become easy to obtain the intellectual properties. Consequently, the multimedia owners need more than ever before to protect their data and to prevent their unauthorized use. Digital watermarking has been proposed as an effective method for copyright protection and an unauthorized manipulation of the multimedia. Watermarking refers to the process of embedding an identification code or some other information called watermark into digital multimedia without affecting the visual quality of the host multimedia. Such a watermark can be used for several purposes including copyright protection and fingerprinting of the multimedia for tracing and data authentication. The goal in a watermarking scheme is to embed a watermark that is robust against various types of attacks while preserving the perceptual quality of the cover image. A variety of schemes have been proposed in the literature to achieve these goals for watermarking of images. These schemes either provide good imperceptibility of the watermark without sufficient resilience to certain types of attacks or provide good robustness against attacks at the expense of degraded perceptual quality of the cover images. The objective of this work is to develop image watermarking schemes with performance that is superior to those of existing schemes in terms of their robustness against various types of attacks while preserving the perceptual of the cover image. In this thesis, two new digital image watermarking schemes are proposed. In the first scheme, an Arnold transform integrated DCT-SVD based image watermarking scheme is developed. The main idea in this scheme is to improve the robustness of the watermarking further by scrambling the watermark data using the Arnold transform while still preserving the good perceptibility of the watermarked image furnished by a DCT-SVD based embedding. Also, it is shown that considerable savings in the computation time to recover the original watermark image can be provided by using the anti-Arnold transform in the watermark extraction process. In the second scheme, a DWT-SVD digital image watermarking scheme that makes use of visual cryptography to embed and extract a binary watermark image is developed. The use of visual cryptography in the proposed watermarking scheme is intended to provide improved robustness against attacks along with furnishing security to the content of the embedded data. Extensive experiments are conducted throughout this investigation in order to examine the performance of the proposed watermarking schemes. It is shown that the two proposed watermarking schemes developed in this thesis provide a performance superior to that of the existing schemes in terms of robustness against various types of attacks while preserving the perceptual quality of the cover image

A Brief Review of RIDH

The Reversible image data hiding (RIDH) is one of the novel approaches in the security field. In the highly sensitive domains like Medical, Military, Research labs, it is important to recover the cover image successfully, Hence, without applying the normal steganography, we can use RIDH to get the better result. Reversible data hiding has a advantage over image data hiding that it can give you double security surely

Copyright Protection for Surveillance System Multimedia Stream with Cellular Automata Watermarking

Intelligent Surveillance Systems are attracting extraordinary attention from research and industry. Security and privacy protection are critical issues for public acceptance of security camera networks. Existing approaches, however, only address isolated aspects without considering the integration with established security technologies and the underlying platform. Easy availability of internet, together with relatively inexpensive digital recording and storage peripherals has created an era where duplication, unauthorized use and misdistribution of digital content has become easier. The ease of availability made digital video popular over analog media like film or tape. At the same time it demands a sharp attention regarding the ownership issue. The ownership and integrity can easily be violated using different audio and video editing softwares. To prevent unauthorized use, misappropriation, misrepresentation; authentication of multimedia contents achieved a broad attention in recent days and to achieve secure copyright protection we embedded some information in audio and videos and that audio or video is called copyright protected. Digital watermarking is a technology to embed additional information into the host signal to ensure security and protection of multimedia data. The embedded information can’t be detected by human but some attacks and operations can tamper that information to breach protection. So in order to find a secure technique of copyright protection, we have analyzed different techniques. After having a good understanding of these techniques we have proposed a novel algorithm that generates results with high effectiveness, additionally we can use self-extracted watermark technique to increase the security and automate the process of watermarking. Forensic digital watermarking is a promising tool in the fight against piracy of copyrighted motion imagery content, but to be effective it must be (1) imperceptibly embedded in high-definition motion picture source, (2) reliably retrieved, even from degraded copies as might result from camcorder capture and subsequent very-low-bitrate compression and distribution on the Internet, and (3) secure against unauthorized removal. Audio and video watermarking enables the copyright protection with owner or customer authentication and the detection of media manipulations. The available watermarking technology concentrates on single media like audio or video. But the typical multimedia stream consists of both video and audio data. Our goal is to provide a solution with robust and fragile aspects to guarantee authentication and integrity by using watermarks in combination with content information. We show two solutions for the protection of audio and video data with a combined robust and fragile watermarking approach. The first solution is to insert a time code into the data: We embed a signal as a watermark to detect gaps or changes in the flow of time. The second solution is more complex: We use watermarks to embed information in each media about the content of the other media. In our paper we present the problem of copyright protection and integrity checks for combined video and audio data. Both the solutions depend upon cellular automata, cellular automata are a powerful computation model that provides a simple way to simulate and solve many difficult problems in different fields. The most widely known example of Cellular Automata is the Game-of-Life. Cellular automaton growth is controlled by predefined rule or programs .The rule describes how the cell will interact with its neighborhood. Once the automaton is started it will work on its own according to the rule specified.

Reversible Image Watermarking Using Modified Quadratic Difference Expansion and Hybrid Optimization Technique

With increasing copyright violation cases, watermarking of digital images is a very popular solution for securing online media content. Since some sensitive applications require image recovery after watermark extraction, reversible watermarking is widely preferred. This article introduces a Modified Quadratic Difference Expansion (MQDE) and fractal encryption-based reversible watermarking for securing the copyrights of images. First, fractal encryption is applied to watermarks using Tromino's L-shaped theorem to improve security. In addition, Cuckoo Search-Grey Wolf Optimization (CSGWO) is enforced on the cover image to optimize block allocation for inserting an encrypted watermark such that it greatly increases its invisibility. While the developed MQDE technique helps to improve coverage and visual quality, the novel data-driven distortion control unit ensures optimal performance. The suggested approach provides the highest level of protection when retrieving the secret image and original cover image without losing the essential information, apart from improving transparency and capacity without much tradeoff. The simulation results of this approach are superior to existing methods in terms of embedding capacity. With an average PSNR of 67 dB, the method shows good imperceptibility in comparison to other schemes