Retraction Note: An apoptosis-enhancing drug overcomes platinum resistance in a tumour-initiating subpopulation of ovarian cancer.

This Article has been retracted; see accompanying Retraction Note

Retroflexion and retraction revised

Arguing against Bhat’s (1974) claim that retroflexion cannot be correlated with retraction, the present article illustrates that retroflexes are always retracted, though retraction is not claimed to be a sufficient criterion for retroflexion. The cooccurrence of retraction with retroflexion is shown to make two further implications; first, that non-velarized retroflexes do not exist, and second, that secondary palatalization of retroflexes is phonetically impossible. The process of palatalization is shown to trigger a change in the primary place of articulation to non-retroflex. Phonologically, retraction has to be represented by the feature specification [+back] for all retroflex segments

Retroflexion and retraction revised

Arguing against Bhat’s (1974) claim that retroflexion cannot be correlated with retraction, the present article illustrates that retroflexes are always retracted, though retraction is not claimed to be a sufficient criterion for retroflexion. The cooccurrence of retraction with retroflexion is shown to make two further implications; first, that non-velarized retroflexes do not exist, and second, that secondary palatalization of retroflexes is phonetically impossible. The process of palatalization is shown to trigger a change in the primary place of articulation to non-retroflex. Phonologically, retraction has to be represented by the feature specification [+back] for all retroflex segments

Designing redundant metering valves for hydraulic actuators under mixability and low cost-constraints

This article deals with the design of redundant metering valves for mechanically signalled hydraulic actuators. The final aim of the work is to manufacture a new low-cost valve in replacement of the existing expensive valve with an additional leakage requirement in case of seizure. The new valve must ensure the same closed-loop behaviour of the actuator. The article presents the design of the valve according to the actuator specifications and to a criterion of mixability (capacity to replace the existing valve by a new one). The valve pre-design is based on the common sharp edges and rectangular orifice slots combined with a serial restrictor inserted on the supply line. After partial experimental validation, the proposed design process points out the interest of using a trapezoidal slot in order to get the required speed gain over the whole valve opening range. The proposal is validated through the experimental measurement of the actuator no-load speed as a function of the valve opening

The accentuation of neuter nouns in Slovene and West Bulgarian

The Slovene neo-circumflex is our major source of information for the reconstruction of Proto-Slavic long vowels in posttonic syllables (cf. Kortlandt 1976)