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Resource Allocation in Energy Cooperation Enabled 5G Cellular Networks
PhD thesisIn fifth generation (5G) networks, more base stations (BSs) and antennas have been
deployed to meet the high data rate and spectrum efficiency requirements. Heterogeneous
and ultra dense networks not only pose substantial challenges to the resource allocation
design, but also lead to unprecedented surge in energy consumption. Supplying BSs
with renewable energy by utilising energy harvesting technology has became a favourable
solution for cellular network operators to reduce the grid energy consumption. However,
the harvested renewable energy is fluctuating in both time and space domains. The
available energy for a particular BS at a particular time might be insufficient to meet the
traffic demand which will lead to renewable energy waste or increased outage probability.
To solve this problem, the concept of energy cooperation was introduced by Sennur
Ulukus in 2012 as a means for transferring and sharing energy between the transmitter
and the receiver. Nevertheless, resource allocation in energy cooperation enabled cellular
networks is not fully investigated. This thesis investigates resource allocation schemes
and resource allocation optimisation in energy cooperation enabled cellular networks
that employed advanced 5G techniques, aiming at maximising the energy efficiency of
the cellular network while ensuring the network performance.
First, a power control algorithm is proposed for energy cooperation enabled millimetre
wave (mmWave) HetNets. The aim is to maximise the time average network data
rate while keeping the network stable such that the network backlog is bounded and the
required battery capacity is finite. Simulation results show that the proposed power control
scheme can reduce the required battery capacity and improve the network throughput.
Second, resource allocation in energy cooperation enabled heterogeneous networks (Het-
Nets) is investigated. User association and power control schemes are proposed to maximise the energy efficiency of the whole network respectively. The simulation results
reveal that the implementation of energy cooperation in HetNets can improve the energy
efficiency and the improvement is apparent when the energy transfer efficiency is high.
Following on that, a novel resource allocation for energy cooperation enabled nonorthogonal
multiple access (NOMA) HetNets is presented. Two user association schemes
which have different complexities and performances are proposed and compared. Following
on that, a joint user association and power control algorithm is proposed to maximise
the energy efficiency of the network. It is confirmed from the simulation results that the
proposed resource allocation schemes efficiently coordinate the intra-cell and inter-cell
interference in NOMA HetNets with energy cooperation while exploiting the multiuser
diversity and BS densification.
Last but not least, a joint user association and power control scheme that considers
the different content requirements of users is proposed for energy cooperation enabled
caching HetNets. It shows that the proposed scheme significantly enhances the energy
efficiency performance of caching HetNets
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