98 research outputs found
Orthogonal Time Frequency Space for Integrated Sensing and Communication: A Survey
Sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication systems, as stated in the
European 6G flagship project Hexa-X, are anticipated to feature the integration
of intelligence, communication, sensing, positioning, and computation. An
important aspect of this integration is integrated sensing and communication
(ISAC), in which the same waveform is used for both systems both sensing and
communication, to address the challenge of spectrum scarcity. Recently, the
orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) waveform has been proposed to address
OFDM's limitations due to the high Doppler spread in some future wireless
communication systems. In this paper, we review existing OTFS waveforms for
ISAC systems and provide some insights into future research. Firstly, we
introduce the basic principles and a system model of OTFS and provide a
foundational understanding of this innovative technology's core concepts and
architecture. Subsequently, we present an overview of OTFS-based ISAC system
frameworks. We provide a comprehensive review of recent research developments
and the current state of the art in the field of OTFS-assisted ISAC systems to
gain a thorough understanding of the current landscape and advancements.
Furthermore, we perform a thorough comparison between OTFS-enabled ISAC
operations and traditional OFDM, highlighting the distinctive advantages of
OTFS, especially in high Doppler spread scenarios. Subsequently, we address the
primary challenges facing OTFS-based ISAC systems, identifying potential
limitations and drawbacks. Then, finally, we suggest future research
directions, aiming to inspire further innovation in the 6G wireless
communication landscape
Performance Analysis of OTSM under Hardware Impairments in Millimeter-Wave Vehicular Communication Networks
Orthogonal time sequency multiplexing (OTSM) has been recently proposed as a
single-carrier (SC) waveform offering similar bit error rate (BER) to
multi-carrier orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation in
doubly-spread channels under high mobilities; however, with much lower
complexity making OTSM a promising candidate for low-power millimeter-wave
(mmWave) vehicular communications in 6G wireless networks. In this paper, the
performance of OTSM-based homodyne transceiver is explored under hardware
impairments (HIs) including in-phase and quadrature imbalance (IQI), direct
current offset (DCO), phase noise, power amplifier non-linearity, carrier
frequency offset, and synchronization timing offset. First, the discrete-time
baseband signal model is obtained in vector form under the mentioned HIs. Then,
the system input-output relations are derived in time, delay-time, and
delay-sequency (DS) domains in which the parameters of HIs are incorporated.
Analytical studies demonstrate that noise stays white Gaussian and effective
channel matrix is sparse in the DS domain under HIs. Also, DCO appears as a DC
signal at receiver interfering with only the zero sequency over all delay taps
in the DS domain; however, IQI redounds to self-conjugated fully-overlapping
sequency interference. Simulation results reveal the fact that with no HI
compensation (HIC), not only OTSM outperforms plain SC waveform but it performs
close to uncompensated OTFS system; however, HIC is essentially needed for OTSM
systems operating in mmWave and beyond frequency bands
AFDM vs OTFS: A Comparative Study of Promising Waveforms for ISAC in Doubly-Dispersive Channels
This white paper aims to briefly describe a proposed article that will
provide a thorough comparative study of waveforms designed to exploit the
features of doubly-dispersive channels arising in heterogeneous high-mobility
scenarios as expected in the beyond fifth generation (B5G) and sixth generation
(6G), in relation to their suitability to integrated sensing and communications
(ISAC) systems. In particular, the full article will compare the
well-established delay-Doppler domain-based orthognal time frequency space
(OTFS) and the recently proposed chirp domain-based affine frequency division
multiplexing (AFDM) waveforms. Both these waveforms are designed based on a
full delay- Doppler representation of the time variant (TV) multipath channel,
yielding not only robustness and orthogonality of information symbols in
high-mobility scenarios, but also a beneficial implication for environment
target detection through the inherent capability of estimating the path delay
and Doppler shifts, which are standard radar parameters. These modulation
schemes are distinct candidates for ISAC in B5G/6G systems, such that a
thorough study of their advantages, shortcomings, implications to signal
processing, and performance of communication and sensing functions are well in
order. In light of the above, a sample of the intended contribution (Special
Issue paper) is provided below
OTFS vs. OFDM in the Presence of Sparsity: A Fair Comparison
Many recent works in the literature declare that Orthogonal Time-Frequency-Space (OTFS) modulation is a promising candidate technology for high mobility communication scenarios. However, a truly fair comparison with its direct concurrent and widely used Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation has not yet been provided. In this paper, we present such a fair comparison between the two digital modulation formats in terms of achievable communication rate. In this context, we explicitly address the problem of channel estimation by considering, for each modulation, a pilot scheme and the associated channel estimation algorithm specifically adapted to sparse channels in the Doppler-delay domain, targeting the optimization of the pilot overhead to maximize the overall achievable rate. In our achievable rate analysis we consider also the presence of a guard interval or cyclic prefix. The results are supported by numerical simulations, for different time-frequency selective channels including multiple scattering components and under non-perfect channel state information resulting from the considered pilot schemes. This work does not claim to establish in a fully definitive way which is the best modulation format, since such choice depends on many other features which are outside the scope of this work (e.g., legacy, intellectual property, ease and know-how for implementation, and many other criteria). Nevertheless, we provide the foundations to properly compare multi-carrier communication systems in terms of their information theoretic achievable rate potential, within meaningful and sensible assumptions on the channel models and on the receiver complexity (both in terms of channel estimation and in terms of soft-output symbol detection)
Towards joint communication and sensing (Chapter 4)
Localization of user equipment (UE) in mobile communication networks has been supported from the early stages of 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP). With 5th Generation (5G) and its target use cases, localization is increasingly gaining importance. Integrated sensing and localization in 6th Generation (6G) networks promise the introduction of more efficient networks and compelling applications to be developed
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