4 research outputs found
Discrete choice modelling incorporating attribute thresholds of perception
In this paper we formulate a discrete choice model that incorporates thresholds in the
perception of attribute changes. The model considers multiple options and allows
changes in several attributes. We postulate that if thresholds exist they could be random,
differ between individuals, and even be a function of socio-economic characteristics and
choice conditions. Our formulation allows estimation of the parameters of the threshold
probability distribution starting from information about choices.
The model is applied to synthetic data and also to real data from a stated preference
survey. We found that where perception thresholds exist in the population, the use of
models without them leads to errors in estimation and prediction. Clearly, the effect is
more relevant when the typical size of change in the attribute value is comparable with
the threshold, and when the contribution of this attribute in the utility function is
substantial. Finally, we discuss the implications of the threshold model for estimation of
the benefits of transport investments, and show that where thresholds exist, models that
do not represent them can overestimate benefits substantially
A Linear \u3cem\u3eB\u3c/em\u3e-Spline Threshold Dose-Response Model with Dose-Specific Response Variation Applied to Developmental Toxicity Studies
A linear B-spline function was modified to model dose-specific response variation in developmental toxicity studies. In this new model, response variation is assumed to differ across dose groups. The model was applied to a developmental toxicity study and proved to be significant over the previous model of singular response variation