834,509 research outputs found
ACWA: An AI-driven Cyber-Physical Testbed for Intelligent Water Systems
This manuscript presents a novel state-of-the-art cyber-physical water
testbed, namely: The AI and Cyber for Water and Agriculture testbed (ACWA).
ACWA is motivated by the need to advance water supply management using AI and
Cybersecurity experimentation. The main goal of ACWA is to address pressing
challenges in the water and agricultural domains by utilising cutting-edge AI
and data-driven technologies. These challenges include Cyberbiosecurity,
resources management, access to water, sustainability, and data-driven
decision-making, among others. To address such issues, ACWA consists of
multiple topologies, sensors, computational nodes, pumps, tanks, smart water
devices, as well as databases and AI models that control the system. Moreover,
we present ACWA simulator, which is a software-based water digital twin. The
simulator runs on fluid and constituent transport principles that produce
theoretical time series of a water distribution system. This creates a good
validation point for comparing the theoretical approach with real-life results
via the physical ACWA testbed. ACWA data are available to AI and water domain
researchers and are hosted in an online public repository. In this paper, the
system is introduced in detail and compared with existing water testbeds;
additionally, example use-cases are described along with novel outcomes such as
datasets, software, and AI-related scenarios
Water for People, Water for Life
This report documents the serious water crisis we are facing at the beginning of the 21st century. This crisis is one of water governance, essentially caused by the ways in which we mismanage water. But the real tragedy is the effect it has on the everyday lives of poor people, who are blighted by the burden of water-related disease, living in degraded and often dangerous environments, struggling to get an education for their children and to earn a living, and to get enough to eat. The executive summary offers an analysis of the problem as well as pilot case studies for water management and recommendations for future action
CERN openlab Whitepaper on Future IT Challenges in Scientific Research
This whitepaper describes the major IT challenges in scientific research at CERN and several other European and international research laboratories and projects. Each challenge is exemplified through a set of concrete use cases drawn from the requirements of large-scale scientific programs. The paper is based on contributions from many researchers and IT experts of the participating laboratories and also input from the existing CERN openlab industrial sponsors. The views expressed in this document are those of the individual contributors and do not necessarily reflect the view of their organisations and/or affiliates
Internet of Things-aided Smart Grid: Technologies, Architectures, Applications, Prototypes, and Future Research Directions
Traditional power grids are being transformed into Smart Grids (SGs) to
address the issues in existing power system due to uni-directional information
flow, energy wastage, growing energy demand, reliability and security. SGs
offer bi-directional energy flow between service providers and consumers,
involving power generation, transmission, distribution and utilization systems.
SGs employ various devices for the monitoring, analysis and control of the
grid, deployed at power plants, distribution centers and in consumers' premises
in a very large number. Hence, an SG requires connectivity, automation and the
tracking of such devices. This is achieved with the help of Internet of Things
(IoT). IoT helps SG systems to support various network functions throughout the
generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of energy by
incorporating IoT devices (such as sensors, actuators and smart meters), as
well as by providing the connectivity, automation and tracking for such
devices. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on IoT-aided SG
systems, which includes the existing architectures, applications and prototypes
of IoT-aided SG systems. This survey also highlights the open issues,
challenges and future research directions for IoT-aided SG systems
Strategies and challenges to facilitate situated learning in virtual worlds post-Second Life
Virtual worlds can establish a stimulating environment to support a situated learning approach in which students simulate a task within a safe environment. While in previous years Second Life played a major role in providing such a virtual environment, there are now more and more alternative—often OpenSim-based—solutions deployed within the educational community. By drawing parallels to social networks, we discuss two aspects: how to link individually hosted virtual worlds together in order to implement context for immersion and how to identify and avoid “fake” avatars so people behind these avatars can be held accountable for their actions
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