Ranking and grouping social media requests for emergency services using serviceability model

Social media has become an alternative communication mechanism for the public to reach out to emergency services during time-sensitive events. However, the information overload of social media experienced by these services, coupled with their limited human resources, challenges them to timely identify, prioritize, and organize critical requests for help. In this paper, we frst present a formal model of serviceability called Social-EOC, which describes the elements of a serviceable message posted in social media expressing a request. Using the serviceability model, we then describe a system for the discovery and ranking of highly serviceable requests as well as for re-ranking requests by semantic grouping to reduce redundancy and facilitate the browsing of requests by responders. We validate the model for emergency services by experimenting with six crisis event datasets and ground truth provided by emergency professionals. Our experiments demonstrate that features based on both serviceability model and social connectedness improve the performance of discovering and ranking (nDCG gain up to 25%) service requests over diferent baselines. We also empirically validate the existence of redundancy and semantic coherence among the serviceable requests using our semantic grouping approach, which shows the signifcance and need for grouping similar requests to save the time of emergency services. Thus, an application of serviceability model could reduce cognitive load on emergency servicers in fltering, ranking, and organizing public requests on social media at scale.We thank Yogen Chaudhari, Sharan Sai Banola, and Mohammad Rana for helping in data collection. Purohit thanks US National Science Foundation Grants IIS-1657379 and 1815459, and Castillo thanks La Caixa project LCF/PR/PR16/11110009 for partial support to this research