Karakteristik Pull - Out Resistance Tulangan sebagai Perkuatan pada Tanah Lempung

Ground improvement by using reinforcement developed rapidly in recent decades. Since it was first introduced by Vidal (1966), this method is suitable to reduced the deformation of both lateral and vertical deformation. Clay materials used because of its availabilityand lower cost, clay have shown good performance as embankment, and for the reinforcement material using 10 mm steel bar. This laboratory-scale test prepared at two dry side water content, two wet side water content and optimum water content (OMC), while the pullout resistance from longitudinal reinforcement. Pullout resistance reinforcement would be highest when the water content of clay are in optimum condition, adhesi is the dominant force in this pullout resistance test

Bond–slip Behavior of Fiber-reinforced Polymer/concrete Interface in Single Shear Pull-out and Beam Tests

It has been assumed that the fiber-reinforced polymer/concrete interface is subjected to in-plane shear condition when intermediate crack debonding failure occurs. Therefore, the single shear pull-out test results are often used to predict the intermediate crack debonding failure in beams. In this study, the behavior of fiber-reinforced polymer-strengthened concrete beams and single shear pull-out specimens were studied experimentally and numerically. The bond–slip behavior of the fiber-reinforced polymer/concrete interface was obtained by single shear pull-out and beam tests. In all beam specimens, a concrete wedge located at the edge of the notch detached with the fiber-reinforced polymer debonding failure. This phenomenon shows that the initiation of debonding is due to a diagonal crack formation close to the major flexural/shear crack inside the concrete. The diagonal crack formation is due to a local moment at the tip of the notch. This causes the different stress state and slip of the fiber-reinforced polymer/concrete interface of beam specimens from that of the pull-out specimens. It is found that the bond–slip relation obtained from the pull-out test does not represent the bond–slip relation of the fiber-reinforced polymer/concrete interface in the fiber-reinforced polymer-strengthened concrete beams, and it cannot be directly used for predicting the load capacity of the fiber-reinforced polymer-strengthened concrete beams

Maximum pull out force on DNA hybrids

We discuss theoretically the force F between two colloidal particles, each of them carrying one single strand DNA. The two strands are complementary only on a finite sequence of consecutive base pairs. We define an adjustment length (a few base pairs): in the adjustment regions near both ends of the paired region, the tension is still mainly on one single strand. But in the central part, the two backbones are equally loaded. This leads to a rupture force, increasing linearly with length, and saturating for large lengths.Comment: 5 pages, 1 EPS figure. submitted C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris

Summer Reading

Sci-fi? Thriller? Historical fiction? Find out what books Linfield College faculty pull out when the syllabus is tucked away for the summer

Model coupling friction and adhesion for steel-concrete interfaces

The interface behaviour between steel and concrete, during pull-out tests, is numerically investigated using an interface model coupling adhesion and Coulomb friction. This model, first developed by Raous, Cang\'emi, Cocou and Monerie (RCCM), is based on the adhesion intensity variable, introduced by Fr\'emond, which is a surface damage variable. The RCCM model is here completed by taking a variable friction coefficient to simulate the slip weakening of the interface when sliding occurs. Identification of the parameters and validation of the model are carried on pull out experiments conducted at the INSA of Toulouse on steel-concrete interface of reinforced concrete

Structural Change out of Agriculture: Labor Push versus Labor Pull

The process of economic development is characterized by substantial rural-urban migrations and a decreasing share of agriculture in output and employment. The literature highlights two main engines behind this process of structural change: (i) improvements in agricultural technology combined with the effect of Engel's law of demand push resources out of the agricultural sector (the "labor push" hypothesis), and (ii) improvements in industrial technology attract labor into this sector (the "labor pull" hypothesis). We present a simple model that features both channels and use it to explore their relative importance. We evaluate the U.S. time series since 1800 and a sample of 13 industrialized countries starting in the 19th century. Our results suggest that, on average, the "labor pull" channel dominates. This contrasts with popular modeling choices in the recent literature.growth, structural change

Molecular weight effects on chain pull-out fracture of reinforced polymeric interfaces

Using Brownian dynamics, we simulate the fracture of polymer interfaces reinforced by diblock connector chains. We find that for short chains the interface fracture toughness depends linearly on the degree of polymerization $N$ of the connector chains, while for longer chains the dependence becomes $N^{3/2}$. Based on the geometry of initial chain configuration, we propose a scaling argument that accounts for both short and long chain limits and crossover between them.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Many multinationals may pull out of the UK if it leaves the Customs Union

As March 2019 draws closer, the UK government remains divided over the type of trade relationship it wants to achieve in the ongoing negotiations with the EU. Paola Conconi (ULB/LSE) explains why Japanese multinationals may pull out of the UK in case of a hard Brexit, one which would mean there is no kind of customs union with the EU

Studi Perilaku Tahanan Cabut (Pull - Out Resistance) pada Tanah Berpasir

Soil improvement technique was first introduced by Vidal, 1966, by using a metal strip as soil reinforcement on structure reinforced earth. Soil improvement techniques suited to reinforcement materials used in the structure of soil retaining walls, road structure, the base of the bridge, and repair slopes. Proven by use steel reinforcement, in addition to structure flexible and easy in implementation, can also reduce deformation both vertical and lateral directions. Selection is based sand graded well as the properties it owns, among tractable in employment stack, including the last ingredient, and not cohesive strength is not affected until the rate of moisture. Pull out resistance scale laboratory use plain steel reinforcement diameter 10 mm with the direction and shape of the power profile is retrofitting the longitudinal direction, transverse direction, square-shaped profile, the profile of triangular and square-shaped profile combination. Each test used optimum water content (OMC) and tensile stress normal to be used only on reinforcement overburden soil. In testing using shaped reinforcement square profiles obtained resistivity values greater pull out resitance than the pull out resistance value using directional and other forms of reinforcement profiles