ENHANCE FAIR ROUTING WITH RESOURCE FLEXIBLE NODE ALLOCATION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Wireless sensor network is a network composed of a large number of sensor nodes with limited radio capabilities and one or a few sinks that collect data from sensor nodes. Sensor nodes are powered by small batteries, hence, the energy consumption in operating a WSN should be as low as possible. The wireless sensor network present all sensor nodes generate an equal amount of data packets in a WSN, nodes around a sink have to relay more packets and tend to die earlier than other nodes because the energy consumption of sensor nodes is almost completely dominated by data communication rather than by sensing and processing. Hence, the whole network lifetime can be prolonged by balancing the communication load at heavily loaded nodes around a sink. This problem is called the energy hole problem and is one of the most important issues for WSNs. Existing system analysis the heterogeneity of networks and a fair cooperative routing method, to avoid unfair improvement only on certain networks and to introduce one or a few shared nodes that can use multiple channels to relay data packets

Fair Routing for Overlapped Cooperative Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

In recent years, as WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) are diffused widely, multiple overlapping WSNs constructed on the same area become more common. In such a situation, their lifetime is expected to be extended by cooperative packet forwarding. Although some researchers have studied about cooperation in multiple WSNs, most of them do not consider the heterogeneity in characteristics of each WSN such as battery capacity, operation start time, the number of nodes, nodes locations, energy consumption, packet size and/or data transmission timing, and so on. In a heterogeneous environment, naive lifetime improvement with cooperation may not be fair. In this paper, we propose a fair cooperative routing method for heterogeneous overlapped WSNs. It introduces an energy pool to maintain the total amount of energy consumption by cooperative forwarding. The energy pool plays a role of broker for fair cooperation. Finally, simulation results show the excellent performance of the proposed method