8,586 research outputs found
Classical and quantum fingerprinting with shared randomness and one-sided error
Within the simultaneous message passing model of communication complexity,
under a public-coin assumption, we derive the minimum achievable worst-case
error probability of a classical fingerprinting protocol with one-sided error.
We then present entanglement-assisted quantum fingerprinting protocols
attaining worst-case error probabilities that breach this bound.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur
Hierarchical mixture models for assessing fingerprint individuality
The study of fingerprint individuality aims to determine to what extent a
fingerprint uniquely identifies an individual. Recent court cases have
highlighted the need for measures of fingerprint individuality when a person is
identified based on fingerprint evidence. The main challenge in studies of
fingerprint individuality is to adequately capture the variability of
fingerprint features in a population. In this paper hierarchical mixture models
are introduced to infer the extent of individualization. Hierarchical mixtures
utilize complementary aspects of mixtures at different levels of the hierarchy.
At the first (top) level, a mixture is used to represent homogeneous groups of
fingerprints in the population, whereas at the second level, nested mixtures
are used as flexible representations of distributions of features from each
fingerprint. Inference for hierarchical mixtures is more challenging since the
number of unknown mixture components arise in both the first and second levels
of the hierarchy. A Bayesian approach based on reversible jump Markov chain
Monte Carlo methodology is developed for the inference of all unknown
parameters of hierarchical mixtures. The methodology is illustrated on
fingerprint images from the NIST database and is used to make inference on
fingerprint individuality estimates from this population.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOAS266 the Annals of
Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Evaluation of machine-learning methods for ligand-based virtual screening
Machine-learning methods can be used for virtual screening by analysing the structural characteristics of molecules of known (in)activity, and we here discuss the use of kernel discrimination and naive Bayesian classifier (NBC) methods for this purpose. We report a kernel method that allows the processing of molecules represented by binary, integer and real-valued descriptors, and show that it is little different in screening performance from a previously described kernel that had been developed specifically for the analysis of binary fingerprint representations of molecular structure. We then evaluate the performance of an NBC when the training-set contains only a very few active molecules. In such cases, a simpler approach based on group fusion would appear to provide superior screening performance, especially when structurally heterogeneous datasets are to be processed
A PUF-and biometric-based lightweight hardware solution to increase security at sensor nodes
Security is essential in sensor nodes which acquire and transmit sensitive data. However, the constraints of processing, memory and power consumption are very high in these nodes. Cryptographic algorithms based on symmetric key are very suitable for them. The drawback is that secure storage of secret keys is required. In this work, a low-cost solution is presented to obfuscate secret keys with Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs), which exploit the hardware identity of the node. In addition, a lightweight fingerprint recognition solution is proposed, which can be implemented in low-cost sensor nodes. Since biometric data of individuals are sensitive, they are also obfuscated with PUFs. Both solutions allow authenticating the origin of the sensed data with a proposed dual-factor authentication protocol. One factor is the unique physical identity of the trusted sensor node that measures them. The other factor is the physical presence of the legitimate individual in charge of authorizing their transmission. Experimental results are included to prove how the proposed PUF-based solution can be implemented with the SRAMs of commercial Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) chips which belong to the communication module of the sensor node. Implementation results show how the proposed fingerprint recognition based on the novel texture-based feature named QFingerMap16 (QFM) can be implemented fully inside a low-cost sensor node. Robustness, security and privacy issues at the proposed sensor nodes are discussed and analyzed with experimental results from PUFs and fingerprints taken from public and standard databases.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad TEC2014-57971-R, TEC2017-83557-
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