Multi-biometric templates using fingerprint and voice

As biometrics gains popularity, there is an increasing concern about privacy and misuse of biometric data held in central repositories. Furthermore, biometric verification systems face challenges arising from noise and intra-class variations. To tackle both problems, a multimodal biometric verification system combining fingerprint and voice modalities is proposed. The system combines the two modalities at the template level, using multibiometric templates. The fusion of fingerprint and voice data successfully diminishes privacy concerns by hiding the minutiae points from the fingerprint, among the artificial points generated by the features obtained from the spoken utterance of the speaker. Equal error rates are observed to be under 2% for the system where 600 utterances from 30 people have been processed and fused with a database of 400 fingerprints from 200 individuals. Accuracy is increased compared to the previous results for voice verification over the same speaker database

Authentication under Constraints

Authentication has become a critical step to gain access to services such as on-line banking, e-commerce, transport systems and cars (contact-less keys). In several cases, however, the authentication process has to be performed under challenging conditions. This thesis is essentially a compendium of five papers which are the result of a two-year study on authentication in constrained settings. The two major constraints considered in this work are: (1) the noise and (2) the computational power. For what concerns authentication under noisy conditions, Paper A and Paper B ad- dress the case in which the noise is in the authentication credentials. More precisely, the aforementioned papers present attacks against biometric authentication systems, that exploit the inherent variant nature of biometric traits to gain information that should not be leaked by the system. Paper C and Paper D study proximity- based authentication, i.e., distance-bounding protocols. In this case, both of the constraints are present: the possible presence of noise in the channel (which affects communication and thus the authentication process), as well as resource constraints on the computational power and the storage space of the authenticating party (called the prover, e.g., an RFID tag). Finally, Paper E investigates how to achieve reliable verification of the authenticity of a digital signature, when the verifying party has limited computational power, and thus offloads part of the computations to an untrusted server. Throughout the presented research work, a special emphasis is given to privacy concerns risen by the constrained conditions

Digest: A Biometric Authentication Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network

Since the security of biometric information may be threatened by network attacks, presenting individual’s information without a suitable protection is not suitable for authorization. In traditional cryptographic systems, security was done using individual’s password(s) or driving some other data from primary information as secret key(s). However, encryption and decryption algorithms are slow and contain time-consuming operations for transferring data in network. Thus, it is better that we have no need to decrypt an encrypted trait of an enrolled person, and the system can encrypt the user trait with the user’s passwords and then compare the results with the enrolled persons’ encrypted data stored in database. In this chapter, by considering wireless sensor networks and authenticating server, we introduce a new concept called “digest” and deal with its efficiency in dealing with the security problem. A “digest” can be derived from any kind of information trait through which nobody can capture any information of primary biometric traits. We show that this concept leads to the increase of the accuracy and accessibility of a biometric system

Voice Based Database Management System Using DSP Processor

Security is provided to customers through PIN/ID protection, to secure their data and information using password. This method require user to authenticate them by entering password. There are cases of fraud and theft when people can easily know the password. But there is a existing technology known as Bio-metric Identification System. It uses an individual's bio-metric characteristics, that is unique and therefore can be used to authenticate the user authority access. This invention is an implementation of speaker verification for attendance monitoring system using DSP Processor. First, speech signal will go to pre-processing phase, where it will remove the background noise then, speech signal's features will be extracted using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) method. Then, using Hamming Window, the features will be matched with the reference speech in database. The speaker is identified by comparing the speech signal from the tested speaker. The main focus of this invention is speaker verification, which is compared between speech signal from unknown speaker to a database of known speaker using utterances. The speaker identification is used in this invention for creating database and identifying the students for maintaining attendance record. LCD Display is interfaced with Processor to show the presence of the students for a particular subject. So this can be used for monitoring the attendance of students. Also defaulter student’s list is find out according to the criteria, and it is maintained in MS Excel sheet. Future scope for this can be, informing the monthly attendance to their parents through a text message on their mobile phones using a GSM Module interfaced to processor. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150511

Continuous Authentication for Voice Assistants

Voice has become an increasingly popular User Interaction (UI) channel, mainly contributing to the ongoing trend of wearables, smart vehicles, and home automation systems. Voice assistants such as Siri, Google Now and Cortana, have become our everyday fixtures, especially in scenarios where touch interfaces are inconvenient or even dangerous to use, such as driving or exercising. Nevertheless, the open nature of the voice channel makes voice assistants difficult to secure and exposed to various attacks as demonstrated by security researchers. In this paper, we present VAuth, the first system that provides continuous and usable authentication for voice assistants. We design VAuth to fit in various widely-adopted wearable devices, such as eyeglasses, earphones/buds and necklaces, where it collects the body-surface vibrations of the user and matches it with the speech signal received by the voice assistant's microphone. VAuth guarantees that the voice assistant executes only the commands that originate from the voice of the owner. We have evaluated VAuth with 18 users and 30 voice commands and find it to achieve an almost perfect matching accuracy with less than 0.1% false positive rate, regardless of VAuth's position on the body and the user's language, accent or mobility. VAuth successfully thwarts different practical attacks, such as replayed attacks, mangled voice attacks, or impersonation attacks. It also has low energy and latency overheads and is compatible with most existing voice assistants

Multi-Modal Biometrics: Applications, Strategies and Operations

The need for adequate attention to security of lives and properties cannot be over-emphasised. Existing approaches to security management by various agencies and sectors have focused on the use of possession (card, token) and knowledge (password, username)-based strategies which are susceptible to forgetfulness, damage, loss, theft, forgery and other activities of fraudsters. The surest and most appropriate strategy for handling these challenges is the use of naturally endowed biometrics, which are the human physiological and behavioural characteristics. This paper presents an overview of the use of biometrics for human verification and identification. The applications, methodologies, operations, integration, fusion and strategies for multi-modal biometric systems that give more secured and reliable human identity management is also presented