Intelligent Interactive Multimedia by Converging the Intention of Spectator and Multimedia Creator

In this research, we propose a new approach on how human and technology interact with each other. Here, by enhancing the current HCI framework, it will enable interaction between human and technology become more effective and ideally. The aim of this research is to create an Intelligent Interactive Multimedia by converging the intention of spectator and multimedia creator. Several methods are proposed to achieve the conception of Intelligent Interactive Multimedia. Digital Drawing Block is the interactive multimedia with the initial intention of multimedia creator and it forms an interaction with spectator. Spectator intention has been categorized into four common categories, additionally, five features of hand gesture recognition is proposed to deduce the spectator intention. All these five features will be captured by the web-cam during the spectator’s interaction with the Digital Drawing Block. Moreover, captured features will be sent to the machine learning for analyzing. Proposed user models are to assist the machine learning to evaluate the most appropriate category of human behaviour which matches the spectator actual intention. Lastly, graphic that represents spectator intention will be generated together with the initial intention of multimedia creator. The new creation from spectator and multimedia creator will be displayed through the Digital Drawing Block. The conception of Intelligent Interactive Multimedia can represent as 70%'s effort of Multimedia Creator + 30%'s effort of spectator

A Review of Affective Design towards Video Games

AbstractOver the past decade, gaming has become a mainstream form of entertainment. It is one of the fastest growing forms of entertainment and has become a big business, easily rivaling the film industry in terms of consumer spending. However, due to the rapid growth of technology and competitiveness in the industry, game designers are increasingly faced with the challenge of making their games attractive and engaging to its intended users. Over the years, practitioners and researchers in the human-computer interaction (HCI) community have placed a lot of effort in developing processes and methods for use in interdisciplinary fields. An effective user-centered gaming interface plays an important role in the gaming industry and provides valuable contribution in the HCI practice. This is because it supports the mental communication and emotional response of its audiences that is the gamers, thus improving the interaction modes between the user and product. Hence, designing games in a manner that provides the same user experience to all players, irrespective of player motivation, experience or skill is becoming the focus of modern game research. This paper will attempt to address and review the literature on affective design elements, principles and methodologies that are suitable for the video games industry

USING SERIOUS GAMES DESIGNED THROUGH THE GAME ELC+ FRAMEWORK TO ENHANCE DEEP LEARNING IN HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

The traditional method of learning has been widely criticised for its limitations and inflexibility to application in non-educational settings. These observations about the traditional modes of learning have necessitated the contemplation and discovery of new approaches embracing technological tools that advances better learning experiences. Hence, new technological innovations, such as Stronger Game or Serious Games (SGs) have been embraced as more effective methods of achieving deep learning. The application of serious game has indeed, gained traction in both the formal educational and human resource (HR) settings, especially for employees’ training and development. Thus, the core question of this PhD research is hinged on whether the SGs are more effective in creating deep learning in adult learners, compared to the more traditional teaching methods. To respond to this query, the study examines the traditional and SGs learning approaches, in order to ascertain which is more effective in creating deep learning in adults, in addition to achieving human resource training and development. To guide the design and development of SGs to support adult DL, this research proposes a pedagogical framework referred to as the Game ELC+ framework that comprises four learning theories namely: The Game (Elements) within the Yu Kai Chou's Octalysis Framework; Bloom Taxonomy’s Player (Learning) Levels; (Cognitive) Theory of Multimedia Learning; and the Ruskov’s four evidence of Deep Learning (+). This framework provides the standard for measuring DL in the design of SGs. The research instruments developed include a traditional andragogical test which uses e-Learning materials containing ten different learning scenarios in the context of workplace HR scenarios, and a digital Serious Game using exactly the same content and scenarios with the traditional andragogical test. ANOVA was utilized as the data analytical approach for comparing the mean score of learners using serious games and the tradition eLearning platforms. The study hypothesised that deep learning can be achieved through the SGs and that it is more effective than the traditional andragogy. It further asserts that participants who used the SGs achieved a higher learning outcome than participants in traditional process. Participant observation during the testing phase suggests that the participants interacting with the SGs demonstrated high level of engagement and curiosity, when compared to participants who used the traditional eLearning platform. The study findings validate the hypotheses. By implication, the SGs designed according to the Game ELC+ framework results in improved learning outcomes. In summary, the findings claim that incorporating SG elements in HR training and development can improve professional practices and mitigate some of the challenges experienced by human resource in the traditional learning environment

Designing engaging experiences with location-based augmented reality games for urban tourism environments.

Gameplay has recently unfolded as playfulness in various cultural forms using mobile technologies. The rapid affordability paired with the latest technology improvements enabled the diffusion of mobile devices among tourists, who are among the most avid users of mobile technologies. The advent of mobile devices has initiated a significant change in the way we perceive and connect with our environment and paved the way for location-based, mobile augmented reality (AR) games that provide new forms of experiences for travel and tourism. With the recent developments like Pokémon Go and a prediction of 420 million downloads per year by 2019, the mobile game market is one of the fastest growing fields in the sector. Location-based AR games for mobile devices make use of players‟ physical location via the GPS sensor, accelerometer and compass to project virtual 2D and 3D objects with the build-in camera in real time onto the mobile game user interface (GUI) in order to facilitate gameplay activities. Players interact with the virtual and physical game world and overcome artificial challenges while moving around in the real environment. Where current mobile games withdraw players from reality, location-based AR games aim to engage players with the physical world by combining virtual and physical game mechanics in an enhanced way that increases the level of interactive educative and entertaining engagement. Despite some recent research on location-based AR games, game designers do not know much about how to address tourism requirements and the development of mediated playful experiences for urban tourism environments. This study explores the use of location-based AR games to create engaging and meaningful experiences with the tourism urban environment by combining interdisciplinary research of social sciences, (mobile) game design and mobile game user research (mGUR) to contribute to experience design in the context of travel and tourism. Objectives of the study are to identify the influence of key game elements and contextual gameplay parameters on the individual game experience (GX). To achieve the aim, the study has taken a pragmatic interpretivist approach to understand the player‟s individual GX in an evolving gameplay process in order to inform location-based game design. The project explores the interaction between the player, the game and the tourism context, which is assessed by a sequential triangulation of qualitative mixed methods. Two games were identified to be relevant for the tourism application that fulfilled the attributes of a location-based AR game. The first game is a role-playing adventure game, set in the time and place of the Cold War, called Berlin Wall 1989. The second game, Ingress, is a fictive, large area, massively multiplayer role-playing game that uses the real world as the battleground between two game fractions. A conceptual framework has been developed that presents the player engagement process with location-based AR games in urban tourism environments. The findings of the study indicate that gameplay is a moment-by-moment experience that is influenced by multiple aspects. The creation of engaging experiences between players, the game and the tourism context is related to six identified engagement characteristics; emotional engagement, ludic engagement, narrative engagement, spatial engagement, social engagement and mixed reality engagement. The study identified that the main motivations of playing a location-based AR game are the exploration of and learning about the visited destination, curiosity about the new playful activity and socialising with other players. Emotions underlie the creation of engagement stimulated by the alteration of playful interactions. The findings revealed that storytelling and simple game mechanics such as walking, feedback and goal orientation are essential elements in the creation of engaging experiences. Augmented reality, as a feature to connect the real with the virtual world, needs to create real added value for the gameplay in order to be perceived as engaging for players. The study proposes serious location-based AR games as an alternative form for tourism interpretation and has showed opportunities to enhance the tourist experience through self-directed, physical and mental interaction between players, the environment and the location-based AR game. The findings of the research illustrate the complexity of designing location-based game experiences. The developed conceptual framework can be used to inform future location-based AR game design for travel and tourism