Multiplicative Congruences with Variables from Short Intervals

Recently, several bounds have been obtained on the number of solutions to congruences of the type $$(x_1+s)...(x_{\nu}+s)\equiv (y_1+s)...(y_{\nu}+s)\not\equiv0 \pmod p$$ modulo a prime $p$ with variables from some short intervals. Here, for almost all $p$ and all $s$ and also for a fixed $p$ and almost all $s$, we derive stronger bounds. We also use similar ideas to show that for almost all primes, one can always find an element of a large order in any rather short interval

Equidistribution of cusp forms in the level aspect

Let f traverse a sequence of classical holomorphic newforms of fixed weight and increasing squarefree level q tending to infinity. We prove that the pushforward of the mass of f to the modular curve of level 1 equidistributes with respect to the Poincar\'{e} measure. Our result answers affirmatively the squarefree level case of a conjecture spelled out by Kowalski, Michel and Vanderkam (2002) in the spirit of a conjecture of Rudnick and Sarnak (1994). Our proof follows the strategy of Holowinsky and Soundararajan (2008) who show that newforms of level 1 and large weight have equidistributed mass. The new ingredients required to treat forms of fixed weight and large level are an adaptation of Holowinsky's reduction of the problem to one of bounding shifted sums of Fourier coefficients (which on the surface makes sense only in the large weight limit), an evaluation of the p-adic integral needed to extend Watson's formula to the case of three newforms where the level of one divides but need not equal the common squarefree level of the other two, and some additional technical work in the problematic case that the level has many small prime factors.Comment: 24 pages; slightly expanded, nearly accepted for

Almost all primes have a multiple of small Hamming weight

Recent results of Bourgain and Shparlinski imply that for almost all primes $p$ there is a multiple $mp$ that can be written in binary as $mp= 1+2^{m_1}+ \cdots +2^{m_k}, \quad 1\leq m_1 < \cdots < m_k,$ with $k=66$ or $k=16$, respectively. We show that $k=6$ (corresponding to Hamming weight $7$) suffices. We also prove there are infinitely many primes $p$ with a multiplicative subgroup $A=\subset \mathbb{F}_p^*$, for some $g \in \{2,3,5\}$, of size $|A|\gg p/(\log p)^3$, where the sum-product set $A\cdot A+ A\cdot A$ does not cover $\mathbb{F}_p$ completely

Constructing Carmichael numbers through improved subset-product algorithms

We have constructed a Carmichael number with 10,333,229,505 prime factors, and have also constructed Carmichael numbers with k prime factors for every k between 3 and 19,565,220. These computations are the product of implementations of two new algorithms for the subset product problem that exploit the non-uniform distribution of primes p with the property that p-1 divides a highly composite \Lambda.Comment: Table 1 fixed; previously the last 30 digits and number of digits were calculated incorrectl

Evasive Properties of Sparse Graphs and Some Linear Equations in Primes

We give an unconditional version of a conditional, on the Extended Riemann Hypothesis, result of L. Babai, A. Banerjee, R. Kulkarni and V. Naik (2010) on the evasiveness of sparse graphs.Comment: This version corrects a mistake made in the previous version, which was pointed out to the author by Laszlo Baba

Galois cohomology of a number field is Koszul

We prove that the Milnor ring of any (one-dimensional) local or global field K modulo a prime number l is a Koszul algebra over Z/l. Under mild assumptions that are only needed in the case l=2, we also prove various module Koszulity properties of this algebra. This provides evidence in support of Koszulity conjectures that were proposed in our previous papers. The proofs are based on the Class Field Theory and computations with quadratic commutative Groebner bases (commutative PBW-bases).Comment: LaTeX 2e, 25 pages; v.2: minor grammatic changes; v.3: classical references added, remark inserted in subsection 1.6, details of arguments added in subsections 1.4, 1.7 and sections 5 and 6; v.4: still more misprints corrected, acknowledgement updated, a sentence inserted in section 4, a reference added -- this is intended as the final versio