Programa de educación para la salud para pacientes que han asistido a rehabilitación cardiaca

Introducción: las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en España y existen factores de riesgo que aumentan la probabilidad de padecerlas. La rehabilitación cardiaca es un programa ambulatorio de 3 fases que tiene como objetivo incrementar la calidad de vida y reducir la morbimortalidad de origen cardiaco. Está compuesto por un equipo multidisciplinar y se basa en el ejercicio físico, la intervención psicosocial y el control de los factores de riesgo modificables. Durante la fase III, los pacientes tienden a abandonar los hábitos adquiridos en el programa. Es por ello que la enfermera de Atención Primaria tiene una importante labor para lograr la adherencia de estos pacientes a un estilo de vida saludable.Objetivo principal: elaborar un Programa de Educación para la Salud en pacientes que han participado en un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca, para fomentar la adherencia en la fase III en un Centro de Salud.Metodología: se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica en diversas fuentes de información y páginas web en español e inglés y acotada a los últimos 5 años. En base a dicha información, se ha elaborado un Programa de Educación para la Salud en Atención Primaria.Conclusiones: a través de este programa, se identifican los problemas de adherencia a un estilo de vida saludable durante la fase III y se aportan estrategias para ayudar a los pacientes a controlar sus factores de riesgo y disminuir futuras complicaciones.<br /

Prediction of the Adherence to a Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program.

The incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is increasing which is partly due to an increase in unhealthy lifestyles, including lack of physical activity. Therefore, following a cardiovascular event, patients are encouraged to participate in a supervised exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program. However, uptake rates of these programs are low and compliance to adequate volumes of physical activity after the completion of such programs are even lower. An approach that has been proposed towards the increase of patient adherence to exercise, is the incorporation of technology-enabled solutions which are applied at patient's homes. However, different factors may affect patient engagement with such alternative solutions. In this work, we use diverse types of data, including baseline characteristics of the patient (i.e. physiological, behavioral, demographical data) as well as usage data of a tele-rehabilitation solution during a 4-week familiarization period, in order to predict the compliance of patients with CVD to a technology-supported physical activity intervention after completion of a supervised exercise program. Patients were clustered based on their use of a technology intervention during a previously conducted study. Following a feature selection approach, a support vector machine was trained to classify patients as adherent or non-adherent to the intervention. The performance of the classifier was assessed by means of the receiving operator curve (ROC). Bio-psycho-social baseline variables predicted adherence with a ROC of 0.86, but adding usage data of the platform during a 4-week familiarization period increased the ROC up to 0.94. Furthermore, the high sensitivity values (83.8% and 95.5% respectively) support the strength of the models to identify those patients with CVD that will be adherent to a technology-enabled, home-based CR program.status: publishe