Yield Performance of Locally Selected Cocoa Clones in North Luwu

Participatory selection in North Luwu District selected some locally cocoa clones, of which MCC 01 and MCC 02 the most promising to be developed as clonal material. This research has objectives to observe the stability performance of yield of these clones that enable be characterized of the potency as the basis for recommendation. Observation were carried out in 35 selected-farms be differentiated according to clone\u27s type, namely MCC 01, MCC 02 and Sulawesi 01 (control) and the year of planting (age). These farms were establised at the main area of cocoa in North Luwu. The assessed variables were the number of pod, yield components, the resistance to cocoa pod borer (CPB), vascular-streak dieback (VSD) and phytophthora pod rot (PPR). Data were recorded through 20 sampled-trees per farm in the period of April 2013 to April 2014 with monthly basis assessment. Data were analyzed refer to Eberhart & Russel method to perform stability parameters of the yield. The results indicate that these clones stable performing yield potency among plant age. MCC 01 and MCC 02 performed yield potency in amount of 3,682 kg/ha and 3,132 kg/ha respectively higher than Sulawesi 01 of 2,772 kg/ha. Evaluation of the resistance, MCC 01 having moderate resistance to CPB and VSD and resistance to PPR, however MCC 02 having resistance to CPB, VSD and PPR. Referring to the potency thus MCC 01 and MCC 02 were legally recommended as clonal material for farmers, restricted at the agroclimatic area similar to the condition in North Luwu

Studies on variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield and yield contributing characters in french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm under tarai region of Uttarakhand

Seventy four French bean germplasms were evaluated for twenty two quantitative traits to study the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance during Jan-Feb in G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. Significant differences were observed among all genotypes. Higher genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variability were observed for plant height, seed yield per plant, pod yield per plant, pod yield per hectare, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant and 100 seed weight (42.45% and 43.30%, 39.72% and 42.34%, 27.59% and 32.12%, 27.59% and 32.12%, 25.01% and 28.14%, 24.56% and 26.76% and 22.65% and 22.96% respectively). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance over mean were observed for plant height, seed yield per plant, pod yield per plant, pod yield per hectare, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight, number of pods per cluster, leaf length, single pod weight, pod diameter, pod length, number of pod clusters per plant, leaf width, seed length, number of seeds per pod and seed width (96.34% and 85.73%, 88.03% and 76.77%, 73.80% and 48.83%, 73.80% and 48.83%, 84.20% and 46.42%, 97.34% and 46.04%, 45.78% and 78.96%, 38.88% and 89.58%, 38.21% and 92.70%, 92.69% and 35.45%, 90.13% and 34.48%, 32.47% and 79.39%, 28.03% and 79.60%, 26.92% and 99.04%, 56.27% and 24.85%, and 97.82% and 24.01% respectively) indicate predominance additive gene action. Thus, there is ample scope for improving these characters through direct selection

Efikasi Beberapa Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Hama Pengisap Polong di Pertanaman Kedelai

. Pod sucking bugs are the important pest that can causing yield loss soybean on quality and quantity. The objectives of the research were to determine effectiveness botanical insecticides and using varieties to pod sucking bugs along with presentation yield soybean. Species pod sucking bugs that identify to soybean plants at location research it is Riptortus linearis and Nezara viridula. There are three kinds of N. viridula that identify that is N. viridula var. torguata, N. viridula var. aurantiaca, and N. viridula var. smaragdula. The botanical insecticide that used in research be possessed of ability have variation in controlling pod sucking soybean. Extract leaf Tephrosia vogelii and Azadirachta indica causing intensity damage that lower more as well as increase component yield than with extract leaf and flower Lantana camara. The are difference resistance varieties Kipas Merah and Anjasmoro to damage pod sucking bugs that showed by difference intensity damage, number of trichomes, and yield. Level damage pod effect injury sucking to varieties Kipas Merah and Anjasmoro diverse follow characteristics morphological at pods varieties soybean as number of trichomes, wide surface pod, and number pod per nodes. Number of trichomes at varieties Kipas Merah that is 41,6 trichomes/4 mm2 many more than with varieties Anjasmoro that is 29,1 trichomes/4 mm2

Evaluation of Some Long Bean Lines Using Early and Late Produced Seeds in Two Soil Types

Early and late produced seeds of some F9 lines and exotic cultivars of long beans were evaluated on clayey loam and alluvial soil in the University Farm at Serdang. The results showed that pod yield and pod length were not significantly different for seeds produced early or late. Among the genotypes studied, pod yield was more unstable than pod length. However, some lines and Taiwan Stripe Seed performed better than the ,local commercial variety, Local Long-l in both soil types

Effects of Phosphorus Rate and Iron Foliar Application on Green Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Growth and Yield

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of phosphorus rate and iron foliar application on growth and yield of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). A field experiment was conducted at Roudsar, northern Iran, from mid-March to early September of 2013. Factors were the iron foliar application rate (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 g L-1 of Sequestrene 138Fe, Iron Chelate 6%) and phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 50, and 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 as triple superphosphate). Treatments were assigned in a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. ANOVA indicated that pod yield and pod number per plant were significantly influenced by both phosphorus fertilizer rate and iron foliar application. Results showed that total pod yield was increased by 32% when P application rate increased from 0 to 100 kg ha–1. At the same time, pod yield was increased by 46% as Fe foliar application rate increased from 0 to 2 g L-1 and thereafter relatively remained constant. Based on the results of this study, P application at the rate of 100 kg ha-1 and Fe foliar application at the rate of 2 g L-1 are recommended for obtaining the highest pod yield in green bean

Oxygen photolysis in the Mauritanian upwelling: Implications for net community production

We carried out 16 photochemical experiments of filtered surface water in a custom-built solar simulator and concomitant measurements of in vitro gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (R) in the Mauritanian upwelling during a Lagrangian study following three sulfur hexafluoride–labeled patches of upwelled water (P1 to P3). Oxygen photolysis rates were correlated with the absorbance of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) at 300 nm, suggesting first-order kinetics with respect to CDOM. An exponential fit was used to calculate the apparent quantum yield (AQY) for oxygen photolysis, giving an average AQY of 0.00053 mmol O2 (mole photons m22 s21)21 at 280 nm and slope of 0.0012 nm21. Modeled photochemical oxygen demand (POD) at the surface (3–16 mmol m23 d21) occasionally exceeded R and was dominated by ultraviolet radiation (71– 79%). Euphotic-layer integrated GPP decreased with time during both P-1 and P-3, whereas R remained relatively constant and POD increased during P-1 and decreased during P-3. On Day 4 of P-3, GPP and POD maxima coincided with high CDOM absorbance, suggesting ‘‘new’’ CDOM production. Omitting POD may lead to an underestimation of net community production (NCP), both through in vitro and geochemical methods (here by 2–22%). We propose that oxygen-based NCP estimates should be revised upward. For the Mauritanian upwelling, the POD-corrected NCP was strongly correlated with standard NCP with a slope of 1.0066 6 0.0244 and intercept of 46.51 6 13.15 mmol m22 d21

Correlation and path coefficient analysis of quantitative characters in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)

One hundred germplasm lines of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) were evaluated in a randomized block design with two replications at the Vegetable Research Station, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, during kharif, 2008. Correlation and path coefficient analysis were carried out to study the character association and contribution, respectively, for thirteen quantitative characters, namely plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, internodal length(cm), days to 50% flowering, first flowering node, first fruiting node, fruit length (cm), fruit width (cm), fruit weight (g), total number of fruits per plant, number of marketable fruits per plant, total yield per plant (g) and marketable yield per plant (g) for the identification of appropriate selection indices. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficient analysis revealed that plant height, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, total number of fruits per plant, number of marketable fruits per plant and total yield per plant had significant positive correlation, while number of branches per plant, internodal length, days to 50% flowering, first flowering node and first fruiting node had significant negative correlation with marketable yield per plant.Genotypic path coefficient analysis revealed that fruit weight, total number of fruits per plant and number of marketable fruits per plant had positively high direct effect on marketable pod yield per plant. Correlation and path coefficient analyses revealed that fruit weight, total number of fruits per plant and number of marketable fruits per plant not only had positively significant association with marketable pod yield per plant, but also had positively high direct effect on marketable pod yield per plant and are regarded as the main determinants of marketable pod yield per plant. The improvement in marketable pod yield per plant will be efficient, if the selection is based on fruit weight, total number of fruits per plant and number of marketable fruits per plant