Piercing the Corporate Veil by Tort Creditors

This Article reviews the corporate veil-piercing tests courts are increasingly using to grant leniency to tort creditors and the justifications that are most likely to predict veil piercing success by such creditors. This Article concludes that courts tend to use the same veil piercing test for both contract and tort creditors, but re-weigh the factors that are influential in predicting such veil-piercing outcomes

Piercing convex sets

A family of sets has the $(p,q)$ property if among any $p$ members of the family some $q$ have a nonempty intersection. It is shown that for every $p\ge q\ge d+1$ there is a $c=c(p,q,d)<\infty$ such that for every family \scr F of compact, convex sets in $R^d$ that has the $(p,q)$ property there is a set of at most $c$ points in $R^d$ that intersects each member of \scr F. This extends Helly's Theorem and settles an old problem of Hadwiger and Debrunner.Comment: 5 page

The nature of cometary materials

Because cometary surfaces are likely to be far colder and of a different composition than planetary surfaces, there are some new considerations that must be examined in regards to placing instrumented packages or sample return devices on their surfaces. The qualitative analysis of the problem of attaching hardware to a comet and not being ejected back into space can be divided into two parts. The first problem is to pierce the mantle and obtain access to the icy core. Drilling through the mantle requires that the drilling forces be reacted. Reacting such forces probably requires attachment to the icy core below. Therefore, some kinetic impact piercing device is likely to be required as the first act of attachment. The second problem for a piercing device to overcome is the force produced by the impact kinetic energy that tries to eject the piercing device back into space. The mantle and icy core can absorb some of the impact kinetic energy in the form of fracture formation and friction energy. The energy that is not absorbed in these two ways is stored by the core as elastic deformation of the mantle and icy core. It is concluded that because the cometary materials are almost certainly brittle and the icy core is likely to be self lubricating, the elastic rebound and gas pressure expulsion forces must be counteracted by forces greater than those that may be provided by a piercing device or its capture devices (barbs)

Awareness of complications and maintenance mode of oral piercing in a group of adolescents and young Italian adults with intraoral piercing

Background: The aim of the study was to focus the awareness of complications of oral piercing among a group of adolescents and young Italian adults with intraoral piercings. Material and Methods: A total of 225 teenagers were asked to complete a questionnaire on the awareness of complications of oral piercing. An additional questionnaire was administered in case of oral piercing worn, based on site piercing, knowledge about piercer license, oral and systemic risks due to oral piercing, disinfection and sterilization of the material pierced, information by the piercer about piercing hygiene maintenance and post-piercing dentist check-up. After questionnaire all partecipants received a brochure with some information about risks and maintenance mode of piercing. Results: Data revealed that more than 50% of teens surveyed was found to wear a piercing. Only 25.3% was aware of the risk of HCV cross-infection and only 17.3% reported of knowledge about risk of endocarditis. Only 17% checked the piercer license and only 18% sterilization and disinfection of the materials used. 53.7% did not received explanations about the risks associated with piercing. With regard to the maintenance mode of the piercing, it has been suggested to brush the piercing bar in 17% of cases. The post piercing specialist visits have been suggested only in 7% of cases. Conclusions: The general lack of awareness of complications and maintenance mode related to oral piercing needs to be addressed by some education programs performed at school and by dentists

Experience of internal water-cooling mandrel using for seamless pipe piercing mill

Piercing is a key process for production of seamless pipes and piercing mandrel is one of the most important tool that determines the quality of the pipe shell. Unsatisfactory endurance of piercing mandrels is a typical problem for all piercing mills. The analysis of scientific, technical and patent literature shows that the using of internal water-cooling is a promising way to increase mandrels resilience. In 2010–2013 JSC “Tagmet” (Russia, Taganrog) jointly with SMS MEER tested water-cooling mandrels for piercing mill. These tests are described in stages and show the trends of operating and technical characteristics of mandrels

Self Piercing Riveting for Metal-Polymer Joints

Self-Piercing Riveting (SPR) is a sheet metal joining technique based on the insertion of a rivet into two or more sheets, with no preparatory hole. This process has gained wide diffusion in the automotive industry, due to the increasing use of materials alternative to steel, that are difficult or impossible to join with traditional techniques. In particular, polymeric materials are becoming increasingly used, due to their favorable weight/strength ratio. This paper reports the results of experimental investigations, aimed at identifying the variables affecting the mechanical characteristics of mixed metal-plastic joints. A statistic model for the optimization of the geometrical parameters has been computed. The paper demonstrates that self-piercing riveting appears competitive for metal/polymer junction. The results analyzed in light of statistical techniques show that some geometrical parameters affect joint performance more than others and can therefore be used as independent variables for joint performance optimizatio

Ear piercing: A review on the legislative regulations and potential health hazards; its relevance to family physicians

Ear piercing is very popular. Legislation regulating the practice of ear piercing is lacking in Hong Kong. Complications arising from this normally low risk procedure do occur, especially with high ear piercing and improper techniques or instruments. This article reviews the existing legislations governing ear-piercing in different countries and the potential health hazards associated with ear-piercing. We hope to increase the awareness of the general public and primary care physicians to the potential serious medical problems that can result from such a minor procedure, which is performed for cosmetic reasons; and to prevent these complications from happening.published_or_final_versio