10,504 research outputs found
Decay of correlations in nearest-neighbor self-avoiding walk, percolation, lattice trees and animals
We consider nearest-neighbor self-avoiding walk, bond percolation, lattice
trees, and bond lattice animals on . The two-point functions of
these models are respectively the generating function for self-avoiding walks
from the origin to , the probability of a connection from
the origin to , and the generating functions for lattice trees or lattice
animals containing the origin and . Using the lace expansion, we prove that
the two-point function at the critical point is asymptotic to
as , for for self-avoiding
walk, for for percolation, and for sufficiently large for lattice
trees and animals. These results are complementary to those of [Ann. Probab. 31
(2003) 349--408], where spread-out models were considered. In the course of the
proof, we also provide a sufficient (and rather sharp if ) condition under
which the two-point function of a random walk on is
asymptotic to as .Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117907000000231 the
Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Violating conformal invariance: Two-dimensional clusters grafted to wedges, cones, and branch points of Riemann surfaces
We present simulations of 2-d site animals on square and triangular lattices
in non-trivial geomeLattice animals are one of the few critical models in
statistical mechanics violating conformal invariance. We present here
simulations of 2-d site animals on square and triangular lattices in
non-trivial geometries. The simulations are done with the newly developed PERM
algorithm which gives very precise estimates of the partition sum, yielding
precise values for the entropic exponent (). In particular, we studied animals grafted to the tips of wedges
with a wide range of angles , to the tips of cones (wedges with the
sides glued together), and to branching points of Riemann surfaces. The latter
can either have sheets and no boundary, generalizing in this way cones to
angles degrees, or can have boundaries, generalizing wedges. We
find conformal invariance behavior, , only for small
angles (), while for
. These scalings hold both for wedges and cones. A heuristic
(non-conformal) argument for the behavior at large is given, and
comparison is made with critical percolation.Comment: 4 pages, includes 3 figure
Series expansions of the percolation probability on the directed triangular lattice
We have derived long series expansions of the percolation probability for
site, bond and site-bond percolation on the directed triangular lattice. For
the bond problem we have extended the series from order 12 to 51 and for the
site problem from order 12 to 35. For the site-bond problem, which has not been
studied before, we have derived the series to order 32. Our estimates of the
critical exponent are in full agreement with results for similar
problems on the square lattice, confirming expectations of universality. For
the critical probability and exponent we find in the site case: and ; in the bond case:
and ; and in the site-bond
case: and . In
addition we have obtained accurate estimates for the critical amplitudes. In
all cases we find that the leading correction to scaling term is analytic,
i.e., the confluent exponent .Comment: 26 pages, LaTeX. To appear in J. Phys.
On directed interacting animals and directed percolation
We study the phase diagram of fully directed lattice animals with
nearest-neighbour interactions on the square lattice. This model comprises
several interesting ensembles (directed site and bond trees, bond animals,
strongly embeddable animals) as special cases and its collapse transition is
equivalent to a directed bond percolation threshold. Precise estimates for the
animal size exponents in the different phases and for the critical fugacities
of these special ensembles are obtained from a phenomenological renormalization
group analysis of the correlation lengths for strips of width up to n=17. The
crossover region in the vicinity of the collapse transition is analyzed in
detail and the crossover exponent is determined directly from the
singular part of the free energy. We show using scaling arguments and an exact
relation due to Dhar that is equal to the Fisher exponent
governing the size distribution of large directed percolation clusters.Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures; J. Phys. A 35 (2002) 272
Limiting shape for directed percolation models
We consider directed first-passage and last-passage percolation on the
nonnegative lattice Z_+^d, d\geq2, with i.i.d. weights at the vertices. Under
certain moment conditions on the common distribution of the weights, the limits
g(x)=lim_{n\to\infty}n^{-1}T(\lfloor nx\rfloor) exist and are constant a.s. for
x\in R_+^d, where T(z) is the passage time from the origin to the vertex z\in
Z_+^d. We show that this shape function g is continuous on R_+^d, in particular
at the boundaries. In two dimensions, we give more precise asymptotics for the
behavior of g near the boundaries; these asymptotics depend on the common
weight distribution only through its mean and variance. In addition we discuss
growth models which are naturally associated to the percolation processes,
giving a shape theorem and illustrating various possible types of behavior with
output from simulations.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000838 in the
Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Simulations of lattice animals and trees
The scaling behaviour of randomly branched polymers in a good solvent is
studied in two to nine dimensions, using as microscopic models lattice animals
and lattice trees on simple hypercubic lattices. As a stochastic sampling
method we use a biased sequential sampling algorithm with re-sampling, similar
to the pruned-enriched Rosenbluth method (PERM) used extensively for linear
polymers. Essentially we start simulating percolation clusters (either site or
bond), re-weigh them according to the animal (tree) ensemble, and prune or
branch the further growth according to a heuristic fitness function. In
contrast to previous applications of PERM, this fitness function is {\it not}
the weight with which the actual configuration would contribute to the
partition sum, but is closely related to it. We obtain high statistics of
animals with up to several thousand sites in all dimension 2 <= d <= 9. In
addition to the partition sum (number of different animals) we estimate
gyration radii and numbers of perimeter sites. In all dimensions we verify the
Parisi-Sourlas prediction, and we verify all exactly known critical exponents
in dimensions 2, 3, 4, and >= 8. In addition, we present the hitherto most
precise estimates for growth constants in d >= 3. For clusters with one site
attached to an attractive surface, we verify the superuniversality of the
cross-over exponent at the adsorption transition predicted by Janssen and
Lyssy. Finally, we discuss the collapse of animals and trees, arguing that our
present version of the algorithm is also efficient for some of the models
studied in this context, but showing that it is {\it not} very efficient for
the `classical' model for collapsing animals.Comment: 17 pages RevTeX, 29 figures include
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