Optimization of base stations density for hybrid energy based 3-D wireless networks

Hybrid energy supply (HES) based wireless communication systems have recently emerged as a new paradigm to enable green networks, which are powered by both the traditional and harvested energies. In this paper, we propose a hybrid energy based communication scheme for 3-D wireless networks in a dense urban area. The proposed scheme is based on hybrid energy source, where harvested energy from ambient radio frequency signals and traditional energy from electric grid coexist at the mobile users. We derive the expressions of the average power consumption gain (APCG) and the average ergodic capacity (AEC) of the proposed scheme. Based on the derived expressions, and to better exploit the advantage of the proposed scheme, the base stations (BSs)' density is optimized in terms of APCG and power spectral efficiency (PSE). Numerical results are conducted to evaluate the advantage of the proposed scheme and to confirm the optimization of the BS's density.Scopu