Optimal Quantum Circuits for Nearest-Neighbor Architectures

We show that the depth of quantum circuits in the realistic architecture where a classical controller determines which local interactions to apply on the kD grid Z^k where k >= 2 is the same (up to a constant factor) as in the standard model where arbitrary interactions are allowed. This allows minimum-depth circuits (up to a constant factor) for the nearest-neighbor architecture to be obtained from minimum-depth circuits in the standard abstract model. Our work therefore justifies the standard assumption that interactions can be performed between arbitrary pairs of qubits. In particular, our results imply that Shor's algorithm, controlled operations and fanouts can be implemented in constant depth, polynomial size and polynomial width in this architecture. We also present optimal non-adaptive quantum circuits for controlled operations and fanouts on a kD grid. These circuits have depth Theta(n^(1 / k)), size Theta(n) and width Theta(n). Our lower bound also applies to a more general class of operations.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures. v1 introduces all the results. v2 and v3 make minor improvements to the presentation and add additional reference

On the Effect of Quantum Interaction Distance on Quantum Addition Circuits

We investigate the theoretical limits of the effect of the quantum interaction distance on the speed of exact quantum addition circuits. For this study, we exploit graph embedding for quantum circuit analysis. We study a logical mapping of qubits and gates of any $\Omega(\log n)$-depth quantum adder circuit for two $n$-qubit registers onto a practical architecture, which limits interaction distance to the nearest neighbors only and supports only one- and two-qubit logical gates. Unfortunately, on the chosen $k$-dimensional practical architecture, we prove that the depth lower bound of any exact quantum addition circuits is no longer $\Omega(\log {n})$, but $\Omega(\sqrt[k]{n})$. This result, the first application of graph embedding to quantum circuits and devices, provides a new tool for compiler development, emphasizes the impact of quantum computer architecture on performance, and acts as a cautionary note when evaluating the time performance of quantum algorithms.Comment: accepted for ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing System