Maximum likelihood channel estimation in decode-and-forward relay networks

In this paper, we provide a complete study on the training based channel estimation for relay networks that employ the decode-and-forward (DF) scheme. Since multiple relay nodes are geographically distributed over the service region, channel estimation is different from the traditional way in that each relay has its own individual power constraint. We consider the maximum likelihood (ML) channel estimation and derive closed form solutions for the optimal training as well as for the optimal power allocation. It is seen that the optimal power allocation follows a multi-level waterfilling structure

Optimal Distributed Resource Allocation for Decode-and-Forward Relay Networks

This paper presents a distributed resource allocation algorithm to jointly optimize the power allocation, channel allocation and relay selection for decode-and-forward (DF) relay networks with a large number of sources, relays, and destinations. The well-known dual decomposition technique cannot directly be applied to resolve this problem, because the achievable data rate of DF relaying is not strictly concave, and thus the local resource allocation subproblem may have non-unique solutions. We resolve this non-strict concavity problem by using the idea of the proximal point method, which adds quadratic terms to make the objective function strictly concave. However, the proximal solution adds an extra layer of iterations over typical duality based approaches, which can significantly slow down the speed of convergence. To address this key weakness, we devise a fast algorithm without the need for this additional layer of iterations, which converges to the optimal solution. Our algorithm only needs local information exchange, and can easily adapt to variations of network size and topology. We prove that our distributed resource allocation algorithm converges to the optimal solution. A channel resource adjustment method is further developed to provide more channel resources to the bottleneck links and realize traffic load balance. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the benefits of our algorithm

Efficient Power Allocation Schemes for Hybrid Decode-Amplify-Forward Relay Based Wireless Cooperative Network

Cooperative communication in various wireless domains, such as cellular networks, sensor networks and wireless ad hoc networks, has gained significant interest recently. In cooperative network, relays between the source and the destination, form a virtual MIMO that creates spatial diversity at the destination, which overcomes the fading effect of wireless channels. Such relay assisted schemes have potential to increase the channel capacity and network coverage. Most current research on cooperative communication are focused broadly on efficient protocol design and analysis, resource allocation, relay selection and cross layer optimization. The first part of this research aims at introducing hybrid decode-amplify-forward (HDAF) relaying in a distributed Alamouti coded cooperative network. Performance of such adaptive relaying scheme in terms of symbol error rate (SER), outage probability and average channel capacity is derived theoretically and verified through simulation based study. This work is further extended to a generalized multi HDAF relaying cooperative frame work. Various efficient power allocation schemes such as maximized channel capacity based, minimized SER based and total power minimization based are proposed and their superiority in performance over the existing equal power allocation scheme is demonstrated in the simulation results. Due to the broadcast nature of wireless transmission, information privacy in wireless networks becomes a critical issue. In the context of physical layer security, the role of multi HDAF relaying based cooperative model with control jamming and multiple eavesdroppers is explored in the second part of the research. Performance evaluation parameters such as secrecy rate, secrecy outage and intercept probability are derived theoretically. Further the importance of the proposed power allocation schemes in enhancing the secrecy performance of the network in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers is studied in detail through simulation based study and analysis. For all the proposed power allocation schemes in this research, the optimization problems are defined under total power constraint and are solved using Lagrange multiplier method and also evolutionary algorithms such as Differential evolution and Invasive Weed Optimization are employed. Monte Carlo simulation based study is adopted throughout the research. It is concluded that HDAF relaying based wireless cooperative network with optimal power allocation schemes offers improved and reliable performance compared to conventional amplify forward and decode forward relaying schemes. Above research contributions will be applicable for future generation wireless cooperative networks

The Impact of CSI and Power Allocation on Relay Channel Capacity and Cooperation Strategies

Capacity gains from transmitter and receiver cooperation are compared in a relay network where the cooperating nodes are close together. Under quasi-static phase fading, when all nodes have equal average transmit power along with full channel state information (CSI), it is shown that transmitter cooperation outperforms receiver cooperation, whereas the opposite is true when power is optimally allocated among the cooperating nodes but only CSI at the receiver (CSIR) is available. When the nodes have equal power with CSIR only, cooperative schemes are shown to offer no capacity improvement over non-cooperation under the same network power constraint. When the system is under optimal power allocation with full CSI, the decode-and-forward transmitter cooperation rate is close to its cut-set capacity upper bound, and outperforms compress-and-forward receiver cooperation. Under fast Rayleigh fading in the high SNR regime, similar conclusions follow. Cooperative systems provide resilience to fading in channel magnitudes; however, capacity becomes more sensitive to power allocation, and the cooperating nodes need to be closer together for the decode-and-forward scheme to be capacity-achieving. Moreover, to realize capacity improvement, full CSI is necessary in transmitter cooperation, while in receiver cooperation optimal power allocation is essential.Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication

Power Allocation Based on SEP Minimization in Two-Hop Decode-and-Forward Relay Networks

The problem of optimal power allocation among the relays in a two-hop decode-and-forward cooperative relay network with independent Rayleigh fading channels is considered. It is assumed that only the relays that decode the source message correctly contribute in data transmission. Moreover, only the knowledge of statistical channel state information is available. A new simple closed-form expression for the average symbol error probability is derived. Based on this expression, a new power allocation method that minimizes the average symbol error probability and takes into account the constraints on the total average power of all the relay nodes and maximum instant power of each relay node is developed. The corresponding optimization problem is shown to be a convex problem that can be solved using interior point methods. However, an approximate closed-form solution is obtained and shown to be practically more appealing due to significant complexity reduction. The accuracy of the approximation is discussed. Moreover, the so obtained closed-form solution gives additional insights into the optimal power allocation problem. Simulation results confirm the improved performance of the proposed power allocation scheme as compared to other schemes.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the IEEE Trans. Signal Processing in Feb. 201

Relay selection for multiple access relay channel with decode-forward and analog network coding

This paper presents a relay selection for decode-and-forward based on network coding (DF-NC) and analog-NC protocols in general scheme of cellular network system. In the propose scheme the two source node simultaneously transmit their own information to all the relays as well as the destination node, and then, a single relay i.e. best with a minimum symbol error rate (SER) will be selected to forward the new version of the received signal. Simulation results show that, the DF-NC scheme with considerable performance has exactness over analog-NC scheme. To improve the system performance, optimal power allocation between the two sources and the best relay is determined based on the asymptotic SER. By increasing the number of relays node, the optimum power allocation achieve better performance than asymptotic SER.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures; International Journal of Distributed and Parallel Systems (IJDPS) Vol.3, No.2, March 201

Optimal Power Allocation for Two-Way Decode-and-Forward OFDM Relay Networks

This paper presents a novel two-way decode-and-forward (DF) relay strategy for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) relay networks. This DF relay strategy employs multi-subcarrier joint channel coding to leverage frequency selective fading, and thus can achieve a higher data rate than the conventional per-subcarrier DF relay strategies. We further propose a low-complexity, optimal power allocation strategy to maximize the data rate of the proposed relay strategy. Simulation results suggest that our strategy obtains a substantial gain over the per-subcarrier DF relay strategies, and also outperforms the amplify-and-forward (AF) relay strategy in a wide signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) region.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by IEEE ICC 201

Symbol-Level Selective Full-Duplex Relaying with Power and Location Optimization

In this paper, a symbol-level selective transmission for full-duplex (FD) relaying networks is proposed to mitigate error propagation effects and improve system spectral efficiency. The idea is to allow the FD relay node to predict the correctly decoded symbols of each frame, based on the generalized square deviation method, and discard the erroneously decoded symbols, resulting in fewer errors being forwarded to the destination node. Using the capability for simultaneous transmission and reception at the FD relay node, our proposed strategy can improve the transmission efficiency without extra cost of signalling overhead. In addition, targeting on the derived expression for outage probability, we compare it with half-duplex (HD) relaying case, and provide the transmission power and relay location optimization strategy to further enhance system performance. The results show that our proposed scheme outperforms the classic relaying protocols, such as cyclic redundancy check based selective decode-and-forward (S-DF) relaying and threshold based S-DF relaying in terms of outage probability and bit-error-rate. Moreover, the performances with optimal power allocation is better than that with equal power allocation, especially when the FD relay node encounters strong self-interference and/or it is close to the destination node.Comment: 34 pages (single-column), 14 figures, 2 tables, accepted pape