2 research outputs found

    Opening Up an Intelligent Tutoring System Development Environment for Extensible Student Modeling

    Get PDF
    ITS authoring tools make creating intelligent tutoring systems more cost effective, but few authoring tools make it easy to flexibly incorporate an open-ended range of student modeling methods and learning analytics tools. To support a cumulative science of student modeling and enhance the impact of real-world tutoring systems, it is critical to extend ITS authoring tools so they easily accommodate novel student modeling methods. We report on extensions to the CTAT/Tutorshop architecture to support a plug-in approach to extensible student modeling, which gives an author full control over the content of the student model. The extensions enhance the range of adaptive tutoring behaviors that can be authored and support building external, student- or teacher-facing real-time analytics tools. The contributions of this work are: (1) an open architecture to support the plugging in, sharing, re-mixing, and use of advanced student modeling techniques, ITSs, and dashboards; and (2) case studies illustrating diverse ways authors have used the architecture

    μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ μˆ˜ν•™ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ

    Get PDF
    ν•™μœ„λ…Όλ¬Έ(석사) -- μ„œμšΈλŒ€ν•™κ΅λŒ€ν•™μ› : μ‚¬λ²”λŒ€ν•™ κ΅μœ‘ν•™κ³Ό(κ΅μœ‘κ³΅ν•™μ „κ³΅), 2023. 2. μž„μ² μΌ.인곡지λŠ₯ 기술의 μ„±λŠ₯κ³Ό ν™œμš©λ„κ°€ λ†’μ•„μ§€λ©΄μ„œ κ΅μˆ˜ν•™μŠ΅μž₯λ©΄μ—μ„œλ„ 인곡지λŠ₯을 μ μš©ν•΄λ³΄κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œλ„κ°€ 이루어지고 μžˆλ‹€. 인곡지λŠ₯을 톡해 학생 κ°œμΈλ³„ νŠΉμ„±κ³Ό μˆ˜μ€€μ„ μ§„λ‹¨ν•˜κ³ , 이에 λ§žμΆ€ν™”λœ ν•™μŠ΅μžλ£Œμ™€ ν”Όλ“œλ°±μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•  수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. 이처럼 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ€ 각각의 학생이 μ˜λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μ„ μ„±μ·¨ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ κ°œλ³„ν™”λœ κ΅μœ‘ν™œλ™μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. 특히, λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ€ μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ μˆ˜ν•™ κ΅κ³Όμ—μ„œ λ§Žμ€ μš”κ΅¬κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. μˆ˜ν•™ κ΅κ³ΌλŠ” λ‚΄μš©μ˜ μœ„κ³„μ„±κ³Ό 계톡성이 κ°•ν•΄ μ„ μˆ˜ν•™μŠ΅μ΄ μ œλŒ€λ‘œ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄ ν›„μ†ν•™μŠ΅μ„ μ§„ν–‰ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ €μ›Œμ§€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—, ν•™μƒμ˜ νŠΉμ„±κ³Ό μˆ˜μ€€μ— λ”°λ₯Έ λ§žμΆ€ν˜• ꡐ윑이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ꡐ사 1λͺ…이 λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ 학생을 κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” 1 λŒ€ λ‹€(倚) ν˜•νƒœμ˜ μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ κ΅μœ‘ν˜„μž₯μ—μ„œ λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ— λŒ€ν•œ μš”κ΅¬λ₯Ό μΆ©μ‘±μ‹œν‚€κΈ°μ—λŠ” ν˜„μ‹€μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•œκ³„κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. λ§Žμ€ μ„ ν–‰μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ°€λŠ₯성을 ν…Œν¬λ†€λ‘œμ§€μ—μ„œ 찾고자 ν•œλ‹€. λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ ν˜„μ‹€μ μΈ ν•œκ³„λ₯Ό 보완해쀄 수 μžˆλŠ” 것이 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄λ©°, 데이터 기반 μˆ˜μ—… 섀계이닀. 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄ ꡐ사λ₯Ό λ³΄μ‘°ν•΄μ„œ ν•™μŠ΅μ§„λ‹¨μ„ μ‹€μ‹œν•˜κ³ , 문항을 μΆ”μ²œν•΄μ£Όκ±°λ‚˜, μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 섀계할 λ•Œ μ°Έκ³ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 데이터λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•΄μ£ΌκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 선행연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ, 데이터 μžμ²΄λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλŠ” λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ‹€μ²œν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ ΅λ‹€λŠ” 것이 ν™•μΈλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ ꡐ사 ν˜Ήμ€ μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ μ„€κ³„μžκ°€ 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ 데이터에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•΄μ„œ λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‹€μ²œν•  수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ ꡬ체적인 지침이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 이와 같은 λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ ꡐ사가 μˆ˜ν•™ κ΅κ³Όμ—μ„œ 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ 데이터 기반 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ„€κ³„ν•˜κ³  μ‹€ν–‰ν•  λ•Œ μ°Έκ³ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μˆ˜μ—… 섀계원리λ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄ μˆ˜μ§‘ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λ°μ΄ν„°λŠ” AI진단평가 κ²°κ³Ό, 학생별 μ •λ‹΅λ₯ , 문항별 μ •λ‹΅λ₯ , μΆœμ„λ₯ , 과제 μˆ˜ν–‰λ₯ , ν•™μŠ΅μ‹œκ°„κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œλŠ” μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ μ„ λ‹¬μ„±ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 1) 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ ν™œμš©ν•œ 데이터 기반 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—… 섀계원리 및 상세지침을 κ°œλ°œν•˜κ³ , 2) 개발된 μˆ˜μ—… 섀계원리에 λŒ€ν•œ ꡐ수자 βˆ™ ν•™μŠ΅μž λ°˜μ‘μ„ κ²€ν† ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ—°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ œλ₯Ό μ„€μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ„€κ³„βˆ™κ°œλ°œμ—°κ΅¬λ°©λ²•μ— 따라 μ„ ν–‰λ¬Έν—Œ κ²€ν† , κ²½ν—˜μ  탐색, 초기 섀계원리 및 상세지침 λ„μΆœ, 내적 타당화(μ „λ¬Έκ°€ κ²€ν† ), 외적 타당화(κ΅μœ‘ν˜„μž₯ 적용), μ΅œμ’… 섀계원리 및 상세지침 λ„μΆœμ˜ κ³Όμ •μœΌλ‘œ μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. λ¨Όμ € μ„ ν–‰λ¬Έν—Œμ„ κ²€ν† ν•˜κ³  μš”κ΅¬λΆ„μ„μ„ μœ„ν•΄ μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 2인을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ 면담을 ν†΅ν•œ κ²½ν—˜μ  탐색을 μ§„ν–‰ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 초기 섀계원리 및 상세지침을 λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ, 초기 섀계원리 및 상세지침에 λŒ€ν•΄ 내적 타당화λ₯Ό μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 9μΈμ—κ²Œ κ²€ν† λ₯Ό 총 2회 μ‹€μ‹œν•˜κ³  νšŒλ‹Ή μˆ˜μ • 및 보완 μž‘μ—…μ„ κ±°μ³μ„œ 3μ°¨ 섀계원리 및 상세지침을 λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ, 외적 타당화λ₯Ό μœ„ν•˜μ—¬ 1달 λ™μ•ˆ 5ν•™λ…„ 1개 ν•™κΈ‰(24λͺ…)의 κ΅μ‹€μ—μ„œ 5ν•™λ…„ 2ν•™κΈ° μˆ˜ν•™κ΅κ³Ό 2단원 λΆ„μˆ˜μ˜ κ³±μ…ˆ(11μ°¨μ‹œ) 뢀뢄을 섀계원리λ₯Ό μ μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ§„ν–‰ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ ν•™μƒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 사전에 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ(μ•„μ΄μŠ€ν¬λ¦Όν™ˆλŸ°)을 미리 μ§€κΈ‰ν•˜κ³  μˆ˜μ—… μ „,ν›„λ‘œ μˆ˜ν•™κ΅κ³Ό μ •μ˜μ  μ˜μ—­μ„ μΈ‘μ •ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μ‚¬μ „βˆ™μ‚¬ν›„ 검사λ₯Ό μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ μ§„ν–‰λ˜λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ μ—°κ΅¬μžλŠ” 4회의 μˆ˜μ—… 관찰을 ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ©°, μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ λλ‚œ μ΄ν›„μ—λŠ” ν•™μŠ΅μž 24인을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ μˆ˜μ—… λ§Œμ‘±λ„ 쑰사, ꡐ수자 1인과 ν•™μŠ΅μž 8인을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ 면담을 μ‹€μ‹œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ, 내적 타당화와 외적 타당화 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ μ΅œμ’… 섀계원리 및 상세지침을 λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ κ°œλ°œν•œ 섀계원리 및 상세지침은 μˆ˜μ—… μ „, μˆ˜μ—… 쀑, μˆ˜μ—… ν›„, ν•™μŠ΅ν™˜κ²½ 츑면으둜 λΆ„λ₯˜ν•  수 있으며 10개의 섀계원리와 27개의 μƒμ„Έμ§€μΉ¨μœΌλ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λœλ‹€. κ΅μˆ˜μžμ™€ ν•™μŠ΅μžλ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•œ λ©΄λ‹΄ κ²°κ³Ό, κ΅μˆ˜μžλŠ” λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ κ°œλ°œν•œ 섀계원리λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ 톡해 데이터λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ§‘ν•˜κ³ , 데이터에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•΄μ„œ μˆ˜μ—…μ„€κ³„μ™€ ν•™μŠ΅κ΄€λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 점에 λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄μ„œ μ°Έκ³ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 데이터가 학생별 μ •λ‹΅λ₯ , 문항별 μ •λ‹΅λ₯ , 일일 평균 ν•™μŠ΅μ‹œκ°„, μˆ˜ν–‰λ₯  λ“± μ •λ„λ‘œ μ œν•œμ μ΄λ©° μˆ˜μ—… 섀계에 λ§Žμ€ λ…Έλ ₯이 νˆ¬μž…λœλ‹€κ³  μ‘λ‹΅ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν•™μŠ΅μžλŠ” λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ κ°œλ°œν•œ 섀계원리λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ AIν•™μŠ΅μ§„λ‹¨, AIλ¬Έν•­μΆ”μ²œ, AIμƒν™œκΈ°λ‘λΆ€(λŒ€μ‹œλ³΄λ“œ) κΈ°λŠ₯을 ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ μžμ‹ μ˜ λΆ€μ‘±ν•œ 뢀뢄을 ν™•μΈν•˜κ³  보완할 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 점에 λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μˆ˜μ—… 쀑에 μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ§€λŠ” λ§žμΆ€ν˜• ν”Όλ“œλ°±μ΄ κΈ°μ‘΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ ν”Όλ“œλ°±κ³Ό 크게 λ‹€λ₯΄μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€κ±°λ‚˜, μˆ˜μ—… 후에 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• ν•™μŠ΅κ³Όμ œλ₯Ό κ°œλ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•  μ—¬μœ κ°€ μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 점을 μ•„μ‰¬μ›Œν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. κ΅μˆ˜μžμ™€ ν•™μŠ΅μž λͺ¨λ‘ 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ 톡해 μˆ˜μ—… 쀑 데이터λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ§‘ν•˜κ³ , 이λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ—… 섀계와 ν•™μŠ΅κ΄€λ¦¬μ— ν™œμš©ν•˜λŠ” 것에 κ°€μž₯ λ§Œμ‘±ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν•™μŠ΅μžλ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•œ μˆ˜μ—… λ§Œμ‘±λ„ μ‘°μ‚¬μ—μ„œλŠ” 5점 λ§Œμ μ— 평균 4.28점으둜 μ „λ°˜μ μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œμ‘±ν•œλ‹€κ³  μ‘λ‹΅ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. μˆ˜ν•™ ꡐ과 μ •μ˜μ  μ˜μ—­μ„ μΈ‘μ •ν•˜λŠ” 사전, 사후 섀문쑰사λ₯Ό 톡해 Wilcoxon λΆ€ν˜Έ μˆœμœ„ 검정을 μ‹€μ‹œν•œ κ²°κ³Ό μˆ˜ν•™ν₯λ―Έ, μˆ˜ν•™ν•™μŠ΅νƒœλ„, κ°€μΉ˜, ν•™μŠ΅λ™κΈ°, ν•™μŠ΅μ˜μ§€, 효λŠ₯감6가지 μš”μΈ μ€‘μ—μ„œ μˆ˜ν•™ν₯λ―Έ, ν•™μŠ΅μ˜μ§€2가지 μš”μΈμ΄ ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ˜ν•˜κ²Œ μƒμŠΉν•œ 것을 확인할 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ •μ˜μ  μ˜μ—­μ˜ νš¨κ³Όμ„±μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ°μ—λŠ” 기간이 짧고, 인간 λŒ€μƒμ˜ μ—°κ΅¬λ‘œμ„œ 외뢀변인을 ν†΅μ œν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” λ“± μ—„κ²©ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜μ—°κ΅¬λ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•˜μ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν•™μŠ΅μž λ©΄λ‹΄ κ²°κ³Ό ν•™μƒμ˜ λ…Έλ ₯이 데이터에 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ λ°˜μ˜λ˜μ–΄μ„œ 곡뢀할 μ˜μ§€κ°€ μƒκ²Όλ‹€κ±°λ‚˜ 데이터λ₯Ό 기반으둜 μΉ­μ°¬λ°›μœΌλ‹ˆ 기뢄이 μ’‹κ³  ν₯λ―Έκ°€ μƒκ²Όλ‹€λŠ” 응닡이 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ , μˆ˜ν•™ν₯미와 ν•™μŠ΅μ˜μ§€ λ©΄μ—μ„œ μœ μ˜ν•œ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμ„ 확인할 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ΄μƒμ˜ 연ꡬ 결과에 κΈ°μ΄ˆν•˜μ—¬ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ κ°œλ°œν•œ μˆ˜μ—… 섀계원리λ₯Ό 선행연ꡬ에 λΉ„μΆ”μ–΄ λ…Όμ˜ν•˜κ³ , μ‹œμ‚¬μ μ„ λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ν•œκ³„λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ 후속 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ œμ–Έν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ μˆ˜ν•™ μˆ˜μ—…μ—μ„œ 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ ν™œμš©ν•˜μ—¬ 데이터 기반 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ„ μ„€κ³„ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ ꡬ체적인 λ°©μ•ˆμ„ μ œκ³΅ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μ—μ„œ 의의λ₯Ό μ§€λ‹Œλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ, λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ ꡐ윑 ν˜„μž₯에 λ„μž…ν•˜μ—¬ κ΅μ‚¬μ˜ μ—­ν• κ³Ό 인곡지λŠ₯의 역할을 κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜λŠ” μ„€κ³„βˆ™κ°œλ°œ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ‚¬λ‘€λ‘œμ„œ κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ§€λ‹Œλ‹€κ³  ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€.As the performance and utilization of artificial intelligence technology increases, attempts to apply artificial intelligence to teaching and learning situations are being made. This is because artificial intelligence can diagnose individual characteristics and levels of students, and provide personalized learning materials and feedback. Personalized instruction can provide individualized educational activities so that each student can achieve meaningful learning. In particular, personalized instruction is in high demand in elementary school mathematics. Mathematics is hierarchical and systemic in content, so it is difficult to proceed with follow-up learning if pre-learning is not done properly. Therefore, personalized instruction according to the characteristics and level of students is necessary. However, there is a realistic limit to meeting the demand for personalized instruction in numerous classes of elementary schools where one teacher teaches multiple students. A lot of prior research seeks to find the possibility of personalized instruction in technology. What can supplement the realistic limitations of personalized instruction is an artificial intelligence education system and data-based instructional design. This is because the artificial intelligence education system assists teachers in diagnosing learning, recommending questions, and providing data that can be referred to when designing instructions. However, through previous research, it was confirmed that it is difficult to practice personalized instruction with only the AI education system and the data-based instructional design itself. Therefore, specific guidelines are needed on how teachers or instructional designers can practice personalized instruction based on data using artificial intelligence education systems. In this context, this study developed instructional design principles that elementary school teachers can refer to when designing and executing data-based personalized instruction using artificial intelligence education systems in mathematics. In this study, to achieve the purpose of the study, 1) developing data-based personalized instruction design principles and detailed guidelines using an artificial intelligence education system, and 2) examining instructors' and learners' responses to the developed instructional design principles. By the design and development research method, this study reviewed prior literature, empirically analyzed needs, derived initial design principles and detailed guidelines, internal validation (expert review), external validation (applied to the educational field), and derived final design principles and detailed guidelines. First, the initial design principle and detailed guidelines were derived by reviewing the preceding literature and conducting an empirical search through interviews with two experts for needs analysis. Next, a total of 9 experts reviewed the initial design principles and detailed guidelines for internal validation, and the 3rd design principles and detailed guidelines were derived through revision and supplementation per session. Next, for external validation, the instruction was conducted by applying the design principle to multiplication of fractions(11H) part of the 2nd semester of the 5th grade in the classroom of one class (24 students) for one month. To this end, the artificial intelligence education system (i-scream Home-Learn) was given to students in advance, and pre-and post-tests were conducted to measure the affective domain of mathematics subject before and after class. While the instruction was in progress, the researcher observed the class five times, and after the class was over, a satisfaction survey was conducted on 24 learners, and interviews were conducted with one instructor and eight learners. Finally, the final design principle and detailed guidelines were derived based on the results of internal and external validation. The design principles and detailed guidelines developed in this study can be classified into before class, during class, after class, and learning environment aspects, and consist of 10 design principles and 27 detailed guidelines. As a result of interviews with instructors and learners, the instructors were satisfied with the fact that based on the design principles developed in this study, data were collected through the artificial intelligence education system, and instructional design and learning management were possible based on the data. However, the data that can be referenced for this purpose are limited to the percentage of correct answers per student, percentage of correct answers per question, average daily learning time, and assignment performance rate, and they responded that a lot of effort was put into the instructional design. Based on the design principles developed in this study, learners are satisfied with the fact that they can identify and supplement their shortcomings by using the AI learning diagnosis, AI question recommendation, and AI dashboard functions of the artificial intelligence education system. However, they regretted that the personalized feedback during the instruction was not very different from the feedback of the existing instruction, or that there was no time to individually perform personalized learning tasks after class. Both instructors and learners were most satisfied with collecting data during class through the AI education system and using it for instructional design and learning management. In the class satisfaction survey targeting learners, they answered that they were generally satisfied with an average score of 4.28 out of 5 points. As a result of a Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test through pre- and post-surveys that measure the affective domain of mathematics, interest and willingness among the six factors of interest, attitude, value, motivation, willingness, efficacy'. We were able to confirm that two factors were statistically significant. The period for confirming the effectiveness of the affective domain was short, and as a study of human subjects, it was not possible to conduct a rigorous experimental study, such as not being able to control external variables. However, through the results of the learner interviews, it was confirmed that the student's efforts were directly reflected in the data, resulting in a willingness to study, or that they felt good and interested because they were praised based on the data. Based on the above research results, the instructional design principles developed in this study were discussed in light of previous studies, and implications were drawn. In addition, follow-up studies were suggested based on the limitations of this study. This study is significant in that it provides a concrete plan for designing a data-based personalized instruction using an artificial intelligence education system in elementary school mathematics classes. In addition, this study can be said to have value as an example of design and development research that differentiates the role of the teacher and the role of artificial intelligence by introducing an artificial intelligence education system into the educational field.I. μ„œλ‘  1 1. μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ ν•„μš”μ„± 및 λͺ©μ  1 2. μ—°κ΅¬λ¬Έμ œ 9 3. μš©μ–΄μ˜ 정리 10 II. 이둠적 λ°°κ²½ 13 1. 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ(ITS) 13 κ°€. ITS(Intelligent Tutoring System)의 κ°œλ… 및 νŠΉμ„± 13 λ‚˜. λŒ€ν™”ν˜• ITS의 κ°œλ… 및 νŠΉμ„± 17 2. μˆ˜ν•™ μˆ˜μ—…μ—μ„œ 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ ν™œμš© 21 κ°€. μ΄ˆμ€‘λ“± μˆ˜ν•™κ΅μœ‘μ—μ„œ 인곡지λŠ₯ ν™œμš© 동ν–₯ 21 λ‚˜. μ΄ˆλ“±μˆ˜ν•™κ΅μœ‘μ—μ„œ ν™œμš©λ˜λŠ” 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 23 3. 데이터 기반 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• κ΅μˆ˜μ„€κ³„ 30 κ°€. λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ κ°œλ… 및 νŠΉμ„± 30 λ‚˜. 데이터 기반 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• κ΅μˆ˜μ„€κ³„μ™€ ν•™μŠ΅λΆ„μ„ 32 λ‹€. 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ ν™œμš©ν•œ 데이터 기반 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• κ΅μˆ˜μ„€κ³„μ˜ κ°€λŠ₯μ„± 37 III. 연ꡬ방법 40 1. 연ꡬ 절차 40 2. 초기 섀계원리 개발 42 3. 내적 타당화 44 4. 외적 타당화 47 IV. 연ꡬ결과 53 1. 1μ°¨ 섀계원리 53 κ°€. μ„ ν–‰λ¬Έν—Œ κ²€ν† λ₯Ό 톡해 λ„μΆœν•œ 1μ°¨ 섀계원리 개발 53 λ‚˜. κ²½ν—˜μ  탐색 59 2. 내적 타당화 κ²°κ³Ό 62 κ°€. 1μ°¨ μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 타당화 62 λ‚˜. 2μ°¨ 섀계원리 및 상세지침 71 λ‹€. 2μ°¨ μ „λ¬Έκ°€ 타당화 88 라. 3μ°¨ 섀계원리 및 상세지침 94 3. 외적 타당화 κ²°κ³Ό 109 κ°€. μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ 섀계 및 μ‹€ν–‰ 109 λ‚˜. 섀계원리에 λŒ€ν•œ ꡐ수자 λ°˜μ‘ 128 λ‹€. 섀계원리에 λŒ€ν•œ ν•™μŠ΅μž λ°˜μ‘ 135 4. μ΅œμ’… 섀계원리 153 κ°€. λͺ¨ν˜•μ˜ κ°€μ • 및 νŠΉμ§• 153 λ‚˜. μ΅œμ’… 섀계원리 및 상세지침 156 V. λ…Όμ˜ 및 κ²°λ‘  177 1. λ…Όμ˜ 177 κ°€. 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ ν™œμš©ν•œ 데이터 기반 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—… 섀계원리 177 λ‚˜. 인곡지λŠ₯ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ ν™œμš©ν•œ 데이터 기반 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• μˆ˜μ—… 섀계원리에 λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μ‘ 181 2. κ²°λ‘  178 3. ν•œκ³„ 및 μ œμ–Έ 186 μ°Έκ³ λ¬Έν—Œ 190 λΆ€ 둝 203 Abstract 241석
    corecore