136 research outputs found
Centrality anomalies in complex networks as a result of model over-simplification
Tremendous advances have been made in our understanding of the properties and
evolution of complex networks. These advances were initially driven by
information-poor empirical networks and theoretical analysis of unweighted and
undirected graphs. Recently, information-rich empirical data complex networks
supported the development of more sophisticated models that include edge
directionality and weight properties, and multiple layers. Many studies still
focus on unweighted undirected description of networks, prompting an essential
question: how to identify when a model is simpler than it must be? Here, we
argue that the presence of centrality anomalies in complex networks is a result
of model over-simplification. Specifically, we investigate the well-known
anomaly in betweenness centrality for transportation networks, according to
which highly connected nodes are not necessarily the most central. Using a
broad class of network models with weights and spatial constraints and four
large data sets of transportation networks, we show that the unweighted
projection of the structure of these networks can exhibit a significant
fraction of anomalous nodes compared to a random null model. However, the
weighted projection of these networks, compared with an appropriated null
model, significantly reduces the fraction of anomalies observed, suggesting
that centrality anomalies are a symptom of model over-simplification. Because
lack of information-rich data is a common challenge when dealing with complex
networks and can cause anomalies that misestimate the role of nodes in the
system, we argue that sufficiently sophisticated models be used when anomalies
are detected.Comment: 14 pages, including 9 figures. APS style. Accepted for publication in
New Journal of Physic
Developing a context-based bounded centrality approach of street patterns in flooding: a case study of London
Floods affect an average of 21 million people worldwide each year, and their frequency
is expected to increase due to climate warming, population growth, and rapid urbanisation. Previous
research on the robustness of transport networks during floods has mainly used percolation theory.
However, giant component size of disrupted networks cannot capture the entire network’s
information and, more importantly, does not reflect the local reality. To address this issue, this study
introduces a novel approach to bounded context-based centrality to extract the local impact of
disruption. In particular, we propose embedding travel behaviour into the road network to calculate
bounded centrality and develop new measures characterising the size of connected components
during flooding. Our analysis can identify critical road segments during floods by comparing the
decreasing trend and dispersibility of component sizes on road networks. To demonstrate the
feasibility of these approaches, a case study of London's transport infrastructure that integrates road
networks with relevant urban contexts was developed. This approach is beneficial for practical risk
management, helping decision-makers allocate resources efficiently in space and time
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