AUTOSAR 3.2 based Protocol Data Unit Router Module

AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture (AUTOSAR) is the new standard software architecture for automobiles. The increased usage of Electronic Control Units (ECU) in automobiles is contributing to higher software complexity in vehicles. Here is the significance of AUTOSAR. The AUTOSAR is a new framework used to reduce the ECU complexity in new generation automobiles. Its core frame work consists of four layers; the top layer is the Application layer and the bottom layer is the Microcontroller layer. Run Time Environment and Basic Software Layer are the two layers sandwiched between these two layers. The Basic Software Layer provides an infrastructural functionality to an ECU. The scope of this paper is limited to a module within the Basic Software Layer named Protocol Data Unit (PDU) Router module. PDU Router module must be instantiated in every ECU. The main task of this module is the routing of Interaction Layer Protocol Data Units (I-PDUs) between the communication services and the hardware abstraction layer modules. It also provides the gateway functionality which means the routing of I-PDUs between the same or different networks. This paper focuses the design, development and testing of AUTOSAR 3.2 based PDU Router module. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15038

Verified System Development with the AutoFocus Tool Chain

This work presents a model-based development methodology for verified software systems as well as a tool support for it: an applied AutoFocus tool chain and its basic principles emphasizing the verification of the system under development as well as the check mechanisms we used to raise the level of confidence in the correctness of the implementation of the automatic generators.Comment: In Proceedings WS-FMDS 2012, arXiv:1207.184

Specifying timing requirements in domain specific languages for modeling

Complex Real-Time Embedded Systems (RTESs) can be developed using model-based engineering. The problem is choosing a modeling language that has capabilities to model the most important characteristic of RTESs: timing. This paper shows an analysis of the most popular modeling languages and their capabilities to model timing constraints in RTESs. It includes UML, SysML, AADL, MARTE and EAST-ADL. A brief comparison between MARTE and EAST-ADL, based on the case study from the automotive industry, is also included

Split, Send, Reassemble: A Formal Specification of a CAN Bus Protocol Stack

We present a formal model for a fragmentation and a reassembly protocol running on top of the standardised CAN bus, which is widely used in automotive and aerospace applications. Although the CAN bus comes with an in-built mechanism for prioritisation, we argue that this is not sufficient and provide another protocol to overcome this shortcoming.Comment: In Proceedings MARS 2017, arXiv:1703.0581

"Boring formal methods" or "Sherlock Holmes deduction methods"?

This paper provides an overview of common challenges in teaching of logic and formal methods to Computer Science and IT students. We discuss our experiences from the course IN3050: Applied Logic in Engineering, introduced as a "logic for everybody" elective course at at TU Munich, Germany, to engage pupils studying Computer Science, IT and engineering subjects on Bachelor and Master levels. Our goal was to overcome the bias that logic and formal methods are not only very complicated but also very boring to study and to apply. In this paper, we present the core structure of the course, provide examples of exercises and evaluate the course based on the students' surveys.Comment: Preprint. Accepted to the Software Technologies: Applications and Foundations (STAF 2016). Final version published by Springer International Publishing AG. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1602.0517

Numerical investigation on aerodynamic noises of the lateral window in vehicles

The paper firstly conducted a numerical simulation for flow fields and aerodynamic noises of the lateral window region in vehicles, and verified its correctness using the experimental test. Numerical simulation shows that: A pillar has a complicated shape and large corner, so that airflows will be separated here. An eddy structure is caused in the lateral window region and develops along the A pillar to generate serious pressure pulsations. A low pressure region is formed behind the A pillar. Obvious airflow separation regions are in the A pillar, rear view mirrors, wheels and wheel chambers. These airflow separation regions are typical positions causing aerodynamic noises. Additionally, large separated regions are located at the tail part of the vehicle, which is a main reason for causing the aerodynamic resistance. Intensity and velocity of eddies near the lateral window surface are relatively large, while its intensity near edges of the rear view mirror is weak. The shape of eddies extends along the flow direction to be an oval shape. The separated and broken eddies are sources for causing pressure pulsations. According to sound pressures of observation points, it can be also found that the separated eddy is a main reason for causing aerodynamic noises. Sound pressures are low at the right upper corner of lateral windows. In addition, noise distributions on the lateral window become gradually uniform with the increased frequency. In order to reduce flow noises, a bionic saw-tooth structure is applied to A pillars and rear view mirrors. After the bionic structure is introduced, some fluids are adhered to A pillars and rear view mirrors, so that the energy of fluids reaching the lateral window is reduced. In addition, fluids in rear regions of the rear view mirror presented a spiral shape, so that the possibility of fluid diffusion will be also reduced. In the original model, the maximum energy is 57.77, while that in this region with the bionic saw-tooth structures is 55.00. Obviously, the eddy energy is weakened. Compared with the original model, flow noises of all the observation points are reduced to different degrees, and the noise reduction effect is obvious. The results fully prove that this region with bionic saw-teeth in this paper has obvious advantages in noise reduction

Virtual Node - To Achieve Temporal Isolation and Predictable Integration of Real-Time Components

We present an approach of two-level deployment process for component models used in distributed real-time embedded systems to achieve predictable integration of real-time components. Our main emphasis is on the new concept of virtual node with the use of a hierarchical scheduling technique. Virtual nodes are used as means to achieve predictable integration of software components with real-time requirements. The hierarchical scheduling framework is used to achieve temporal isolation between components (or sets of components). Our approach permits detailed analysis, e.g., with respect to timing, of virtual nodes and this analysis is also reusable with the reuse of virtual nodes. Hence virtual node preserves real-time properties across reuse and integration in different contexts