12,336 research outputs found
Markov Decision Processes with Applications in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of autonomous and resource-limited
devices. The devices cooperate to monitor one or more physical phenomena within
an area of interest. WSNs operate as stochastic systems because of randomness
in the monitored environments. For long service time and low maintenance cost,
WSNs require adaptive and robust methods to address data exchange, topology
formulation, resource and power optimization, sensing coverage and object
detection, and security challenges. In these problems, sensor nodes are to make
optimized decisions from a set of accessible strategies to achieve design
goals. This survey reviews numerous applications of the Markov decision process
(MDP) framework, a powerful decision-making tool to develop adaptive algorithms
and protocols for WSNs. Furthermore, various solution methods are discussed and
compared to serve as a guide for using MDPs in WSNs
Uplink packet scheduling in cellular networks with relayingâcomparative study
Deployment of intermediate relay nodes in cellular networks, e.g. UMTS/ HSPA, has been proposed for service enhancement, which is of particular importance for uplink users at the cell edge suffering from low power capacity and relatively poor channel conditions. In this paper, we propose and investigate a number of uplink packet scheduling schemes deploying the relay functionality in different ways. Using a combined packet and flow level analysis capturing the specifics of the scheduling schemes and the random behavior of the users (initiation and completion of flow transfers), the performance of the various schemes is evaluated and compared to a reference scenario where relaying is not used. The main performance measures considered in our study are realized data rates and mean flow transfer times. Interestingly, considering flow transfer times, it is found that the use of relay nodes is not only particularly beneficial for users at the cell edge but also has a strong, positive effect on the performance of users at other locations not transmitting via a relay node
Cooperative Relaying in Wireless Networks under Spatially and Temporally Correlated Interference
We analyze the performance of an interference-limited, decode-and-forward,
cooperative relaying system that comprises a source, a destination, and
relays, placed arbitrarily on the plane and suffering from interference by a
set of interferers placed according to a spatial Poisson process. In each
transmission attempt, first the transmitter sends a packet; subsequently, a
single one of the relays that received the packet correctly, if such a relay
exists, retransmits it. We consider both selection combining and maximal ratio
combining at the destination, Rayleigh fading, and interferer mobility.
We derive expressions for the probability that a single transmission attempt
is successful, as well as for the distribution of the transmission attempts
until a packet is transmitted successfully. Results provide design guidelines
applicable to a wide range of systems. Overall, the temporal and spatial
characteristics of the interference play a significant role in shaping the
system performance. Maximal ratio combining is only helpful when relays are
close to the destination; in harsh environments, having many relays is
especially helpful, and relay placement is critical; the performance improves
when interferer mobility increases; and a tradeoff exists between energy
efficiency and throughput
A Cross-Layer Design Based on Geographic Information for Cooperative Wireless Networks
Most of geographic routing approaches in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks
do not take into consideration the medium access control (MAC) and physical
layers when designing a routing protocol. In this paper, we focus on a
cross-layer framework design that exploits the synergies between network, MAC,
and physical layers. In the proposed CoopGeo, we use a beaconless forwarding
scheme where the next hop is selected through a contention process based on the
geographic position of nodes. We optimize this Network-MAC layer interaction
using a cooperative relaying technique with a relay selection scheme also based
on geographic information in order to improve the system performance in terms
of reliability.Comment: in 2010 IEEE 71st Vehicular Technology Conference, 201
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