INFLUENCE OF THE “PUSH & FLICK” METHODOLOGY ON THE ACCURACY OF THE INDOOR HOCKEY PENALTY CORNER SHOOTING

The penalty corner (PC) is one of the most important game situations in hockey (both outdoors and indoors), which results in 30 – 40% of all goals. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of the quasi-experimental methodology on the dynamics in the development of indicators characterizing the accuracy of shooting when performing PC in the potentially effective goal zones. Through the application of InterCriteria Analysis (ICrA), the research team sought to establish relationships and directions of dependencies between indicators reflecting the accuracy of zone shooting. Four elite female indoor hockey players from the team of the National Sports Academy in Bulgaria, participants in the European Indoor Hockey Clubs Challenge, were involved in the examination sessions. According to the requirements of the quasi-experimental “Push & Flick” methodology, the duration of the specialized training was set to 16 weeks. Each player performed 4,800 shootings, or approximately 300 shootings each week. Tests were carried out at the beginning (the first week) and at the end (the sixteenth week) of the experiment in order to determine the accuracy of the shooting – push/flick from a penalty corner spot (9 meters, central from the goal line). We used InterCriteria Analysis and Variance Analysis to analyze the results. The results of the study provide valuable information related to the training and specialization of elite hockey players profiled in the execution of a penalty corne

The generalized circular intuitionistic fuzzy set and its operations

The circular intuitionistic fuzzy set (CIFS) is an extension of the intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS), where each element is represented as a circle in the IFS interpretation triangle (IFIT) instead of a point. The center of the circle corresponds to the coordinate formed by membership ($\mathcal{M}$) and non-membership ($\mathcal{N}$) degrees, while the radius, $r$, represents the imprecise area around the coordinate. However, despite enhancing the representation of IFS, CIFS remains limited to the rigid $IFIT$ space, where the sum of $\mathcal{M}$ and $\mathcal{N}$ cannot exceed one. In contrast, the generalized IFS (GIFS) allows for a more flexible IFIT space based on the relationship between $\mathcal{M}$ and $\mathcal{N}$ degrees. To address this limitation, we propose a generalized circular intuitionistic fuzzy set (GCIFS) that enables the expansion or narrowing of the IFIT area while retaining the characteristics of CIFS. Specifically, we utilize the generalized form introduced by Jamkhaneh and Nadarajah. First, we provide the formal definitions of GCIFS along with its relations and operations. Second, we introduce arithmetic and geometric means as basic operators for GCIFS and then extend them to the generalized arithmetic and geometric means. We thoroughly analyze their properties, including idempotency, inclusion, commutativity, absorption and distributivity. Third, we define and investigate some modal operators of GCIFS and examine their properties. To demonstrate their practical applicability, we provide some examples. In conclusion, we primarily contribute to the expansion of CIFS theory by providing generality concerning the relationship of imprecise membership and non-membership degrees

Fuzzy Mathematics

This book provides a timely overview of topics in fuzzy mathematics. It lays the foundation for further research and applications in a broad range of areas. It contains break-through analysis on how results from the many variations and extensions of fuzzy set theory can be obtained from known results of traditional fuzzy set theory. The book contains not only theoretical results, but a wide range of applications in areas such as decision analysis, optimal allocation in possibilistics and mixed models, pattern classification, credibility measures, algorithms for modeling uncertain data, and numerical methods for solving fuzzy linear systems. The book offers an excellent reference for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in applied and theoretical fuzzy mathematics. Researchers and referees in fuzzy set theory will find the book to be of extreme value