Marketing and Advertising Translation: Humans vs Machines in the field of cosmetics

This undergraduate thesis focuses on a very specific field of specialized translation: advertising and marketing translation. Indeed, the high degree of specialization involved in this activity provides a testing ground for a reconsideration of the importance of the human translator and a reformulation of their role. The constant development of new technologies creates ever more sophisticated translation programs, which in turn revives the long-standing machine vs human translation debate. The aim of this project is to conduct a practical exercise targeted at verifying whether specialization in translation always requires the supervision of humans equipped with the relevant linguistic knowledge and technical background, or whether, on the contrary, machine translation can at present provide valid enough results and a sufficient level of reliability.El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado se centra en un campo muy concreto de la traducción especializada: la traducción para la publicidad y la mercadotecnia. De hecho, el alto grado de especialización que implica esta actividad proporciona un campo de pruebas para una reconsideración de la importancia del traductor humano y una reformulación de su papel. El desarrollo creciente e ininterrumpido de las nuevas tecnologías está produciendo programas de traducción cada vez más sofisticados, lo que a su vez reaviva el viejo debate que confronta la traducción humana y la traducción automática. El objetivo de este proyecto es llevar a cabo un ejercicio práctico destinado a verificar si la especialización en la traducción siempre requiere la supervisión de personas con la formación lingüística y los conocimientos técnicos pertinentes, o si, por el contrario, la traducción automática puede en la actualidad proporcionar por si sola resultados suficientes y un nivel suficiente de fiabilidad.Grado en Estudios Inglese

Improving the Representation and Conversion of Mathematical Formulae by Considering their Textual Context

Mathematical formulae represent complex semantic information in a concise form. Especially in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, mathematical formulae are crucial to communicate information, e.g., in scientific papers, and to perform computations using computer algebra systems. Enabling computers to access the information encoded in mathematical formulae requires machine-readable formats that can represent both the presentation and content, i.e., the semantics, of formulae. Exchanging such information between systems additionally requires conversion methods for mathematical representation formats. We analyze how the semantic enrichment of formulae improves the format conversion process and show that considering the textual context of formulae reduces the error rate of such conversions. Our main contributions are: (1) providing an openly available benchmark dataset for the mathematical format conversion task consisting of a newly created test collection, an extensive, manually curated gold standard and task-specific evaluation metrics; (2) performing a quantitative evaluation of state-of-the-art tools for mathematical format conversions; (3) presenting a new approach that considers the textual context of formulae to reduce the error rate for mathematical format conversions. Our benchmark dataset facilitates future research on mathematical format conversions as well as research on many problems in mathematical information retrieval. Because we annotated and linked all components of formulae, e.g., identifiers, operators and other entities, to Wikidata entries, the gold standard can, for instance, be used to train methods for formula concept discovery and recognition. Such methods can then be applied to improve mathematical information retrieval systems, e.g., for semantic formula search, recommendation of mathematical content, or detection of mathematical plagiarism.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

Descriptional complexity of cellular automata and decidability questions

We study the descriptional complexity of cellular automata (CA), a parallel model of computation. We show that between one of the simplest cellular models, the realtime-OCA. and "classical" models like deterministic finite automata (DFA) or pushdown automata (PDA), there will be savings concerning the size of description not bounded by any recursive function, a so-called nonrecursive trade-off. Furthermore, nonrecursive trade-offs are shown between some restricted classes of cellular automata. The set of valid computations of a Turing machine can be recognized by a realtime-OCA. This implies that many decidability questions are not even semi decidable for cellular automata. There is no pumping lemma and no minimization algorithm for cellular automata

Integration of Heterogeneous Modeling Languages via Extensible and Composable Language Components

Effective model-driven engineering of complex systems requires to appropriately describe different specific system aspects. To this end, efficient integration of different heterogeneous modeling languages is essential. Modeling language integaration is onerous and requires in-depth conceptual and technical knowledge and ef- fort. Traditional modeling lanugage integration approches require language engineers to compose monolithic language aggregates for a specific task or project. Adapting these aggregates cannot be to different contexts requires vast effort and makes these hardly reusable. This contribution presents a method for the engineering of grammar-based language components that can be independently developed, are syntactically composable, and ultimately reusable. To this end, it introduces the concepts of language aggregation, language embed- ding, and language inheritance, as well as their realization in the language workbench MontiCore. The result is a generalizable, systematic, and efficient syntax-oriented composition of languages that allows the agile employment of modeling languages efficiently tailored for individual software projects.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development. Angers, Loire Valley, France, pp. 19-31, 201

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Europe In the Round CD‐ROM, Guildford, Vocational Technologies, 1994