302 research outputs found

    For Life and Longing: How the People of Eastern Anatolia and Transcaucasia Navigated the Interwar, As Witnessed by the 1919 American Military Mission to Armenia

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    In August 1919, fifty-three American service members left behind the war-torn Western Front and embarked on an investigative mission to former Ottoman territory where, on orders from President Wilson, they were to assess the potential cost of committing United States’ resources to restore governance in Anatolia. As they ventured deep into the interior, the American Military Mission to Armenia encountered Turks, Armenians, Kurds, and others, all vying for legitimacy amid lingering devastation and uncertainty. By recovering the mission’s records, my goal is to correct homogenous characterizations of the region by introducing people who interacted with the mission members. In each town and with each group, we see local needs and desires, unsung narratives different from existing versions of history that survived this tumultuous period. Though the United States Congress eventually voted against intervention and Allied interest in Anatolia waned as the Turkish Nationalists seized power, I have found alternative courses that local groups longed for. In 1919, people in the Ottoman space believed that American mission members could help them as they competed for power, sought external recognition of their trials, and simply struggled to survive. These stories have persisted for over a century and continue to elicit intense emotion among local groups. This fleeting opportunity to shape the future of Eastern Anatolia and Transcaucasia in the interwar space of 1919 has been captured by the mission’s records. My project focuses on understanding local voices and the divergent paths they imagined, perspectives that cannot be ignored during similar moments when destiny is at stake.Doctor of Philosoph

    World History, Volume 1: To 1500

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    World History, Volume 1: to 1500 is designed to meet the scope and sequence of a world history course to 1500 offered at both two-year and four-year institutions. Suitable for both majors and non majors World History, Volume 1: to 1500 introduces students to a global perspective of history couched in an engaging narrative. Concepts and assessments help students think critically about the issues they encounter so they can broaden their perspective of global history. A special effort has been made to introduce and juxtapose people’s experiences of history for a rich and nuanced discussion. Primary source material represents the cultures being discussed from a firsthand perspective whenever possible. World History, Volume 1: to 1500 also includes the work of diverse and underrepresented scholars to ensure a full range of perspectives

    LIPIcs, Volume 274, ESA 2023, Complete Volume

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    LIPIcs, Volume 274, ESA 2023, Complete Volum

    LIPIcs, Volume 277, GIScience 2023, Complete Volume

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    LIPIcs, Volume 277, GIScience 2023, Complete Volum

    12th International Conference on Geographic Information Science: GIScience 2023, September 12–15, 2023, Leeds, UK

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    The Papers of Thomas A. Edison

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    This richly illustrated volume explores Edison's inventive and personal pursuits from 1888 to 1889, documenting his responses to technological, organizational, and economic challenges.Thomas A. Edison was received at the 1889 Paris Exposition Universelle—the World's Fair—as a conquering hero. Extravagantly fêted and besieged by well-wishers, he was seen, like Gustave Eiffel's iron tower, as a triumphal symbol of republicanism and material progress. The visit was a high-water mark of his international fame.Out of the limelight, Edison worked as hard as ever. On top of his work as an inventor, entrepreneur, and manufacturer, he created a new role as a director of research. At his peerless laboratory in Orange, New Jersey, he directed assistants working in parallel on multiple projects. These included the "perfected" phonograph; a major but little-recognized effort to make musical recordings for sale; the start of work on motion pictures; and improvements in the recovery of low-grade iron ore. He also pursued a public "War of the Currents" against electrical rival George Westinghouse. Keenly attuned to manufacturing as a way to support the laboratory financially and control his most iconic products, Edison created a new cluster of factories. He kept his manufacturing rights to the phonograph while selling the underlying patents to an outside investor in a deal he would regret. When market pressures led to the consolidation of Edison lighting interests, he sold his factories to the new Edison General Electric Company. These changes disrupted his longtime personal and professional relations even as he planned an iron-mining project that would take him to the New Jersey wilderness for long periods.The ninth volume of the series, Competing Interests explores Edison's inventive and personal pursuits from 1888 to 1889, documenting his responses to technological, organizational, and economic challenges. The book includes 331 documents and hundreds of Edison's drawings, which are all revealing and representative of his life and work in these years. Essays and notes based on meticulous research in a wide range of sources, many only recently available, provide a rich context for the documents

    Jolly Fellows

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    “Jolly fellows,” a term that gained currency in the nineteenth century, referred to those men whose more colorful antics included brawling, heavy drinking, gambling, and playing pranks. Reforms, especially the temperance movement, stigmatized such behavior, but pockets of jolly fellowship continued to flourish throughout the country. Richard Stott scrutinizes and analyzes this behavior to appreciate its origins and meaning. Stott finds that male behavior could be strikingly similar in diverse locales, from taverns and boardinghouses to college campuses and sporting events. He explores the permissive attitudes that thrived in such male domains as the streets of New York City, California during the gold rush, and the Pennsylvania oil fields, arguing that such places had an important influence on American society and culture. Stott recounts how the cattle and mining towns of the American West emerged as centers of resistance to Victorian propriety. It was here that unrestrained male behavior lasted the longest, before being replaced with a new convention that equated manliness with sobriety and self-control.Even as the number of jolly fellows dwindled, jolly themes flowed into American popular culture through minstrelsy, dime novels, and comic strips. Jolly Fellows proposes a new interpretation of nineteenth-century American culture and society and will inform future work on masculinity during this period

    Smart Sensor Technologies for IoT

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    The recent development in wireless networks and devices has led to novel services that will utilize wireless communication on a new level. Much effort and resources have been dedicated to establishing new communication networks that will support machine-to-machine communication and the Internet of Things (IoT). In these systems, various smart and sensory devices are deployed and connected, enabling large amounts of data to be streamed. Smart services represent new trends in mobile services, i.e., a completely new spectrum of context-aware, personalized, and intelligent services and applications. A variety of existing services utilize information about the position of the user or mobile device. The position of mobile devices is often achieved using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) chips that are integrated into all modern mobile devices (smartphones). However, GNSS is not always a reliable source of position estimates due to multipath propagation and signal blockage. Moreover, integrating GNSS chips into all devices might have a negative impact on the battery life of future IoT applications. Therefore, alternative solutions to position estimation should be investigated and implemented in IoT applications. This Special Issue, “Smart Sensor Technologies for IoT” aims to report on some of the recent research efforts on this increasingly important topic. The twelve accepted papers in this issue cover various aspects of Smart Sensor Technologies for IoT

    Distributed Robotic Vision for Calibration, Localisation, and Mapping

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    This dissertation explores distributed algorithms for calibration, localisation, and mapping in the context of a multi-robot network equipped with cameras and onboard processing, comparing against centralised alternatives where all data is transmitted to a singular external node on which processing occurs. With the rise of large-scale camera networks, and as low-cost on-board processing becomes increasingly feasible in robotics networks, distributed algorithms are becoming important for robustness and scalability. Standard solutions to multi-camera computer vision require the data from all nodes to be processed at a central node which represents a significant single point of failure and incurs infeasible communication costs. Distributed solutions solve these issues by spreading the work over the entire network, operating only on local calculations and direct communication with nearby neighbours. This research considers a framework for a distributed robotic vision platform for calibration, localisation, mapping tasks where three main stages are identified: an initialisation stage where calibration and localisation are performed in a distributed manner, a local tracking stage where visual odometry is performed without inter-robot communication, and a global mapping stage where global alignment and optimisation strategies are applied. In consideration of this framework, this research investigates how algorithms can be developed to produce fundamentally distributed solutions, designed to minimise computational complexity whilst maintaining excellent performance, and designed to operate effectively in the long term. Therefore, three primary objectives are sought aligning with these three stages

    NeBula: Team CoSTAR's robotic autonomy solution that won phase II of DARPA Subterranean Challenge

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    This paper presents and discusses algorithms, hardware, and software architecture developed by the TEAM CoSTAR (Collaborative SubTerranean Autonomous Robots), competing in the DARPA Subterranean Challenge. Specifically, it presents the techniques utilized within the Tunnel (2019) and Urban (2020) competitions, where CoSTAR achieved second and first place, respectively. We also discuss CoSTARÂżs demonstrations in Martian-analog surface and subsurface (lava tubes) exploration. The paper introduces our autonomy solution, referred to as NeBula (Networked Belief-aware Perceptual Autonomy). NeBula is an uncertainty-aware framework that aims at enabling resilient and modular autonomy solutions by performing reasoning and decision making in the belief space (space of probability distributions over the robot and world states). We discuss various components of the NeBula framework, including (i) geometric and semantic environment mapping, (ii) a multi-modal positioning system, (iii) traversability analysis and local planning, (iv) global motion planning and exploration behavior, (v) risk-aware mission planning, (vi) networking and decentralized reasoning, and (vii) learning-enabled adaptation. We discuss the performance of NeBula on several robot types (e.g., wheeled, legged, flying), in various environments. We discuss the specific results and lessons learned from fielding this solution in the challenging courses of the DARPA Subterranean Challenge competition.The work is partially supported by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004), and Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
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